Question 1

Describe the assessment of reliability in a measurement model.

Accepted Answer

Recall from Chapter 9 that an unreliable construct cannot be valid.So first we should assess the reliability of the constructs in the measurement model. As in Chapter 9, the coefficient alpha can be used to assess reliability.In addition, we compute composite reliability (CR), which is defined as the total amount of True score variance in relation to the total score variance. Composite reliability corresponds to the conventional notion of reliability in classical test theory (see Chapter 9).As general guidelines, composite reliabilities of 0.7 or higher are considered good.Estimates between 0.6 and 0.7 may be considered acceptable if the estimates of the model validity are good.

Question 2

An exogenous construct is represented in an structural path model as a an oval with no
one-headed arrows going into it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

SEM models are estimated so as to minimize the difference between the observed and
estimated covariance matrices.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

In moving from the measurement model to the structural model the error terms are correlated
with each other.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

TLI is an absolute fit index.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

When two constructs are theoretically unrelated to each other, the path between those two constructs should be ________.

Accepted Answer

A) free 
B) fixed 
C) assigned a value of 1 
D) estimated 
E) None of the above 
A) free 
B) fixed 
C) assigned a value of 1 
D) estimated 
E) None of the above

Question 7

Which is not an incremental fit index?

Accepted Answer

A) GFI 
B) NFI 
C) CFI 
D) RMSR 
E) A and D 
A) GFI 
B) NFI 
C) CFI 
D) RMSR 
E) A and D

Question 8

SEM models are estimated so as to:

Accepted Answer

A) maximize the likelihood function. 
B) minimize the difference between the observed and estimated covariance matrices. 
C) minimize the sum of squares between constructs. 
D) minimize the least squared difference. 
E) A and C 
A) maximize the likelihood function. 
B) minimize the difference between the observed and estimated covariance matrices. 
C) minimize the sum of squares between constructs. 
D) minimize the least squared difference. 
E) A and C

Question 9

The confirmatory factor analysis is used to verify the factor structure of a set of observed
variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

SEM models are estimated so as to minimize the sum of squares between constructs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Having at least three observed variables for each latent construct is a way to help make sure
that the model is identified.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

SEM has the following characteristics:

Accepted Answer

A) representation of constructs as unobservable or latent factors in dependence relationships. 
B) estimation of multiple and interrelated dependence relationships incorporated in an integrated model. 
C) incorporation of measurement error in an explicit manner. 
D) explanation of covariance among the observed variables. 
E) All of the above 
A) representation of constructs as unobservable or latent factors in dependence relationships. 
B) estimation of multiple and interrelated dependence relationships incorporated in an integrated model. 
C) incorporation of measurement error in an explicit manner. 
D) explanation of covariance among the observed variables. 
E) All of the above

Question 13

Which of the following are true regarding SEM models?

Accepted Answer

A) A SEM model consists of two models: the measurement model and the structural model. 
B) The measurement model depicts how the observed variable represent constructs. 
C) The observed variables are measured by researcher. 
D) A structural model shows how the constructs are interrelated to each other, often with multiple dependence relationships. 
E) All of the above. 
A) A SEM model consists of two models: the measurement model and the structural model. 
B) The measurement model depicts how the observed variable represent constructs. 
C) The observed variables are measured by researcher. 
D) A structural model shows how the constructs are interrelated to each other, often with multiple dependence relationships. 
E) All of the above.

Question 14

Path analysis can be viewed as a special case of SEM.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Describe the specification of a structural model.

Accepted Answer

In moving from the measurement model to

Question 16

Measured variables or indicators are the actual items that are measured using a survey
questionnaire.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Once the validity of the measurement model has been established, you can proceed with the
specification of structural model.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

RMSEA is an incremental fit index.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Generally, we use SEM to find a suitable model.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

SEM can be thought of as a combination of which two techniques?

Accepted Answer

A) MANOVA and ANOVA 
B) MANOVA and Exploratory factor analysis 
C) Factor analysis and multiple regression analysis 
D) MANOVA and multiple regression analysis 
E) Discriminant analysis and cluster analysis 
A) MANOVA and ANOVA 
B) MANOVA and Exploratory factor analysis 
C) Factor analysis and multiple regression analysis 
D) MANOVA and multiple regression analysis 
E) Discriminant analysis and cluster analysis

Exam 22: Structural Equation Modeling and Path Analysis

Describe the assessment of reliability in a measurement model.

An exogenous construct is represented in an structural path model as a an oval with no one-headed arrows going into it.

SEM models are estimated so as to minimize the difference between the observed and estimated covariance matrices.

In moving from the measurement model to the structural model the error terms are correlated with each other.

TLI is an absolute fit index.

When two constructs are theoretically unrelated to each other, the path between those two constructs should be ________.

Which is not an incremental fit index?

SEM models are estimated so as to:

The confirmatory factor analysis is used to verify the factor structure of a set of observed variables.

SEM models are estimated so as to minimize the sum of squares between constructs.

Having at least three observed variables for each latent construct is a way to help make sure that the model is identified.

SEM has the following characteristics:

Which of the following are true regarding SEM models?

Path analysis can be viewed as a special case of SEM.

Describe the specification of a structural model.

Measured variables or indicators are the actual items that are measured using a survey questionnaire.

Once the validity of the measurement model has been established, you can proceed with the specification of structural model.

RMSEA is an incremental fit index.

Generally, we use SEM to find a suitable model.

SEM can be thought of as a combination of which two techniques?

Introduction to Marketing Research

Defining the Marketing Research Problem and Developing an Approach

Research Design

Exploratory Research Design: Secondary Data

Exploratory Research Design: Qualitative Research

Descriptive Research Design: Survey and Observation

Causal Research Design: Experimentation

Measurement and Scaling: Fundamentals and Comparative Scaling

Measurement and Scaling: Noncomparative Scaling Techniques

Questionnaire and Form Design

Sampling: Design and Procedures

Sampling: Final and Initial Sample Size Determination

Fieldwork

Data Preparation

Frequency Distribution, Cross-Tabulation, and Hypothesis Testing

Analysis of Variance and Covariance

Correlation and Regression

Discriminant and Logit Analysis

Factor Analysis

Cluster Analysis

Multidimensional Scaling and Conjoint Analysis

Report Preparation and Presentation

International Marketing Research

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