Question 1

Why is the edema of the upper cervical cord after spinal cord injury considered life threatening?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because of hypovolemic shock from blood lost during the injury 
B)  Because of the apnea from the impairment to the diaphragm 
C)  Because a head injury is more likely to occur during the injury 
D)  Because of the spinal shock immediately after the injury 
A)  Because of hypovolemic shock from blood lost during the injury 
B)  Because of the apnea from the impairment to the diaphragm 
C)  Because a head injury is more likely to occur during the injury 
D)  Because of the spinal shock immediately after the injury

Question 2

Where are most intracranial tumors located in adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  Above the tentorium cerebelli 
B)  Below the tentorium cerebelli 
C)  Laterally 
D)  Posterolaterally 
A)  Above the tentorium cerebelli 
B)  Below the tentorium cerebelli 
C)  Laterally 
D)  Posterolaterally

Question 3

Which intervertebral disk has herniated for the patient who complains of motor and sensory changes of the lateral lower legs and soles of the feet?

Accepted Answer

A)  L2-L3 
B)  L3-L5 
C)  L5-S1 
D)  S2-S3 
A)  L2-L3 
B)  L3-L5 
C)  L5-S1 
D)  S2-S3

Question 4

Which clinical finding is almost diagnostic for an arteriovenous malformation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Systolic bruit over the carotid artery 
B)  Decreased level of consciousness 
C)  Hypertension with bradycardia 
D)  Diastolic bruit over the temporal artery 
A)  Systolic bruit over the carotid artery 
B)  Decreased level of consciousness 
C)  Hypertension with bradycardia 
D)  Diastolic bruit over the temporal artery

Question 5

A patient was in an automobile accident in which his forehead struck the windshield.In this situation,the contrecoup injury would occur in the _____ region.

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal 
B)  temporal 
C)  parietal 
D)  occipital 
A)  frontal 
B)  temporal 
C)  parietal 
D)  occipital

Question 6

Which are characteristics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder. 
B)  It results in demyelination of the central nervous system. 
C)  It results in upper and lower motor neuron degeneration. 
D)  It is an autoimmune disorder caused by a virus. 
A)  It is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder. 
B)  It results in demyelination of the central nervous system. 
C)  It results in upper and lower motor neuron degeneration. 
D)  It is an autoimmune disorder caused by a virus.

Question 7

In encephalitis,viruses gain access to the central nervous system through blood or peripheral nerves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage,the intracranial pressure may approach levels of diastolic blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which cerebral vascular disorder causes meningeal irritation,photophobia,and positive Kernig positive Brudzinski signs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intracranial hemorrhage 
B)  Subarachnoid hemorrhage 
C)  Epidural hemorrhage 
D)  Subdural hemorrhage 
A)  Intracranial hemorrhage 
B)  Subarachnoid hemorrhage 
C)  Epidural hemorrhage 
D)  Subdural hemorrhage

Question 10

Which vascular malformation is characterized by arteries that feed directly into veins through vascular tangles of abnormal vessels?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cavernous angioma 
B)  Capillary telangiectasis 
C)  Arteriovenous angioma 
D)  Arteriovenous malformation 
A)  Cavernous angioma 
B)  Capillary telangiectasis 
C)  Arteriovenous angioma 
D)  Arteriovenous malformation

Question 11

Of the following people,who are at highest risk for a cerebrovascular accident?

Accepted Answer

A)  White women over 65 years of age 
B)  Black women over 65 years of age 
C)  Black men over 65 years of age 
D)  White men over 65 years of age 
A)  White women over 65 years of age 
B)  Black women over 65 years of age 
C)  Black men over 65 years of age 
D)  White men over 65 years of age

Question 12

Which is a characteristic of Guillain-Barré syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is preceded by a viral illness. 
B)  It involves a deficit in acetylcholine. 
C)  It results in asymmetric paralysis. 
D)  It involves demyelination of the central nervous system nerves. 
A)  It is preceded by a viral illness. 
B)  It involves a deficit in acetylcholine. 
C)  It results in asymmetric paralysis. 
D)  It involves demyelination of the central nervous system nerves.

Question 13

Which areas of the spinal cord are more easily injured?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cervical and thoracic regions 
B)  Thoracic and lumbar regions 
C)  Lumbar and sacral regions 
D)  Cervical and lumbar regions 
A)  Cervical and thoracic regions 
B)  Thoracic and lumbar regions 
C)  Lumbar and sacral regions 
D)  Cervical and lumbar regions

Question 14

A patient who has a right hemisphere cerebrovascular accident caused by an emboli has left-sided paralysis and reduced sensation of the left foot and leg.What is the location of the emboli?

Accepted Answer

A)  Right middle cerebral artery 
B)  Right vertebral artery 
C)  Right posterior cerebral artery 
D)  Right anterior cerebral artery 
A)  Right middle cerebral artery 
B)  Right vertebral artery 
C)  Right posterior cerebral artery 
D)  Right anterior cerebral artery

Question 15

Which clinical manifestation is characteristic of cluster headaches?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aura before the headache with photophobia and nausea and vomiting 
B)  Severe unilateral tearing,burning,or temporal pain 
C)  Gradual onset of bilateral pain with sensation of a tight band around the head 
D)  Throbbing headache with intermittent burning sensation 
A)  Aura before the headache with photophobia and nausea and vomiting 
B)  Severe unilateral tearing,burning,or temporal pain 
C)  Gradual onset of bilateral pain with sensation of a tight band around the head 
D)  Throbbing headache with intermittent burning sensation

Question 16

How are multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré similar?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both result from demyelination by an immune reaction. 
B)  Both cause permanent destruction of peripheral nerves. 
C)  Both result from inadequate production of neurotransmitters. 
D)  Both block acetylcholine receptor sites at the myoneural junction. 
A)  Both result from demyelination by an immune reaction. 
B)  Both cause permanent destruction of peripheral nerves. 
C)  Both result from inadequate production of neurotransmitters. 
D)  Both block acetylcholine receptor sites at the myoneural junction.

Question 17

Which are characteristics of myasthenia gravis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an acute autoimmune disease. 
B)  It affects the nerve roots. 
C)  It may result in adrenergic crisis. 
D)  It causes muscle weakness and fatigability. 
A)  It is an acute autoimmune disease. 
B)  It affects the nerve roots. 
C)  It may result in adrenergic crisis. 
D)  It causes muscle weakness and fatigability.

Question 18

Which are the most common primary CNS tumors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microgliomas 
B)  Neuroblastomas 
C)  Astrocytomas 
D)  Neuromas 
A)  Microgliomas 
B)  Neuroblastomas 
C)  Astrocytomas 
D)  Neuromas

Question 19

MATCHING
Match the terms with the corresponding descriptions.
-Bleeding into the brain parenchyma

Accepted Answer

A) Concussion 
B) Contusion 
C) Extradural hematoma 
D) Subdural hematoma 
E) Intracerebral hematoma 
A) Concussion 
B) Contusion 
C) Extradural hematoma 
D) Subdural hematoma 
E) Intracerebral hematoma

Question 20

Autonomic hyperreflexia is most likely to occur before spinal shock is resolved.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 17: Disorders of Neurologic Function

Why is the edema of the upper cervical cord after spinal cord injury considered life threatening?

Where are most intracranial tumors located in adults?

Which intervertebral disk has herniated for the patient who complains of motor and sensory changes of the lateral lower legs and soles of the feet?

Which clinical finding is almost diagnostic for an arteriovenous malformation?

A patient was in an automobile accident in which his forehead struck the windshield.In this situation,the contrecoup injury would occur in the _____ region.

Which are characteristics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?

In encephalitis,viruses gain access to the central nervous system through blood or peripheral nerves.

In cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage,the intracranial pressure may approach levels of diastolic blood pressure.

Which cerebral vascular disorder causes meningeal irritation,photophobia,and positive Kernig positive Brudzinski signs?

Which vascular malformation is characterized by arteries that feed directly into veins through vascular tangles of abnormal vessels?

Of the following people,who are at highest risk for a cerebrovascular accident?

Which is a characteristic of Guillain-Barré syndrome?

Which areas of the spinal cord are more easily injured?

A patient who has a right hemisphere cerebrovascular accident caused by an emboli has left-sided paralysis and reduced sensation of the left foot and leg.What is the location of the emboli?

Which clinical manifestation is characteristic of cluster headaches?

How are multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré similar?

Which are characteristics of myasthenia gravis?

Which are the most common primary CNS tumors?

MATCHING Match the terms with the corresponding descriptions. -Bleeding into the brain parenchyma

Autonomic hyperreflexia is most likely to occur before spinal shock is resolved.

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Innate Immunity Including Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation Including Hypersensitivies

Infection Including Hivaids

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Concepts of Neurologic Dysfunction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Reproductive Systems

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations in Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

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