Question 1

Which of the following is not a major element of a microbial cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen 
B)  Carbon 
C)  Copper 
D)  Hydrogen 
E)  Nitrogen 
A)  Oxygen 
B)  Carbon 
C)  Copper 
D)  Hydrogen 
E)  Nitrogen

Question 2

The biofilm that forms in your shower ("shower curtain scum")can tolerate exposure to hot water when you shower and is resistant to desiccation between showers.The microbes in the biofilm are not endospores,so what is the best explanation for their survival under these conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bioflms are composed of diverse microbes, and within each biofilm, there are certain to be endospore-formers and thermophiles. 
B)  The shower hasn't been thoroughly cleaned in a while, and when I really scrub it, the microbes will all be killed. 
C)  Although some microbes will be killed, those embedded deeply within the biofilm are protected from environmental challenges. 
D)  Dead skin cells continuously replenish the biofilm, and organic soaps provide a continuous carbon source. 
A)  Bioflms are composed of diverse microbes, and within each biofilm, there are certain to be endospore-formers and thermophiles. 
B)  The shower hasn't been thoroughly cleaned in a while, and when I really scrub it, the microbes will all be killed. 
C)  Although some microbes will be killed, those embedded deeply within the biofilm are protected from environmental challenges. 
D)  Dead skin cells continuously replenish the biofilm, and organic soaps provide a continuous carbon source.

Question 3

When whole cells or large molecules in solution are engulfed by a cell,this endocytosis is specifically termed ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitated diffusion 
B)  pinocytosis 
C)  facilitated transport 
D)  phagocytosis 
E)  exocytosis 
A)  facilitated diffusion 
B)  pinocytosis 
C)  facilitated transport 
D)  phagocytosis 
E)  exocytosis

Question 4

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis 
B)  facilitated diffusion 
C)  endocytosis 
D)  active transport 
E)  diffusion 
A)  osmosis 
B)  facilitated diffusion 
C)  endocytosis 
D)  active transport 
E)  diffusion

Question 5

The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which the rate of multiplication equals the rate of cell death is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  stationary phase 
B)  lag phase 
C)  death phase 
D)  exponential phase 
E)  telophase 
A)  stationary phase 
B)  lag phase 
C)  death phase 
D)  exponential phase 
E)  telophase

Question 6

Phosphorus is one of the major elements needed in larger quantities by microorganisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

An organism with a temperature growth range of 45°C to 60°C would be called a(n)______.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychrophile 
B)  extremophile 
C)  facultative psychrophile 
D)  thermophile 
E)  thermoduric microbe 
A)  psychrophile 
B)  extremophile 
C)  facultative psychrophile 
D)  thermophile 
E)  thermoduric microbe

Question 8

A barophile would grow best in ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  acid pools 
B)  deep oceans 
C)  arid, desert soil 
D)  hot geyser springs 
E)  salt lakes 
A)  acid pools 
B)  deep oceans 
C)  arid, desert soil 
D)  hot geyser springs 
E)  salt lakes

Question 9

Diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion 
B)  osmosis 
C)  endocytosis 
D)  active transport 
E)  facilitated diffusion 
A)  diffusion 
B)  osmosis 
C)  endocytosis 
D)  active transport 
E)  facilitated diffusion

Question 10

Whether an organism is an autotroph or heterotroph depends on its source of nitrogen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The time interval from parent cell to two new daughter cells is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  the generation time 
B)  the lag time 
C)  the culture time 
D)  binary fission 
E)  the death phase 
A)  the generation time 
B)  the lag time 
C)  the culture time 
D)  binary fission 
E)  the death phase

Question 12

The production of antibiotics is a form of antagonism called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  symbiosis 
B)  synergism 
C)  antibiosis 
D)  mutualism 
A)  symbiosis 
B)  synergism 
C)  antibiosis 
D)  mutualism

Question 13

You want to experiment with microbial growth in various nutrients,so you inoculate a loopful of E.coli into a tube of honey.Which statement best describes what you expect to happen and why?

Accepted Answer

A) E.coli does not grow because it has been dehydrated by the honey. 
B) E.coli will not grow because the excessive sugar is toxic. 
C) E.coli grows well in the honey because fructose is a good carbon source. 
D) E.coli do not grow because there is only sugar in the honey and no other nutrients. 
A) E.coli does not grow because it has been dehydrated by the honey. 
B) E.coli will not grow because the excessive sugar is toxic. 
C) E.coli grows well in the honey because fructose is a good carbon source. 
D) E.coli do not grow because there is only sugar in the honey and no other nutrients.

Question 14

An organism that grows slowly in the cold but has an optimum growth temperature of 32°C is called a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  thermophile 
B)  facultative psychrophile 
C)  psychrophile 
D)  thermoduric microbe 
E)  extremophile 
A)  thermophile 
B)  facultative psychrophile 
C)  psychrophile 
D)  thermoduric microbe 
E)  extremophile

Question 15

Which of the following microorganisms would find hypotonic conditions most damaging?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria 
B)  Protozoa 
C)  Algae 
D)  Cyanobacteria 
E)  Fungi 
A)  Bacteria 
B)  Protozoa 
C)  Algae 
D)  Cyanobacteria 
E)  Fungi

Question 16

Nutrient absorption is mediated by the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear membrane 
B)  proteins in the periplasmic space 
C)  peptidoglycan layer 
D)  cell wall 
E)  cell membrane 
A)  nuclear membrane 
B)  proteins in the periplasmic space 
C)  peptidoglycan layer 
D)  cell wall 
E)  cell membrane

Question 17

A bacterium is inoculated into a tube of thioglycollate and incubated.After incubation,turbidity appears throughout,top to bottom,with the greatest turbidty at the very top.This bacterium would be called a(n)______.

Accepted Answer

A)  microaerophile 
B)  psychrotroph 
C)  facultative anaerobe 
D)  aerotolerant microbe 
E)  obligate aerobe 
A)  microaerophile 
B)  psychrotroph 
C)  facultative anaerobe 
D)  aerotolerant microbe 
E)  obligate aerobe

Question 18

Organisms called _____ live on or in the body of a host and cause some degree of harm.

Accepted Answer

A)  aerobes 
B)  pathogens 
C)  commensals 
D)  mesophiles 
E)  halophiles 
A)  aerobes 
B)  pathogens 
C)  commensals 
D)  mesophiles 
E)  halophiles

Question 19

The cell wall will help prevent the cell from bursting in ______ conditions.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypotonic 
B)  mesotonic 
C)  hypertonic 
D)  isotonic 
A)  hypotonic 
B)  mesotonic 
C)  hypertonic 
D)  isotonic

Question 20

Termites are insects that require the protozoan Trichonympha in their gut to synthesize the enzyme cellulase to degrade the cellulose in wood.The protozoan uses the end products of the cellulose breakdown (glucose).This is a(n)______ relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)  antagonistic 
B)  mutualistic 
C)  parasitic 
D)  commensualistic 
A)  antagonistic 
B)  mutualistic 
C)  parasitic 
D)  commensualistic

Exam 15: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Which of the following is not a major element of a microbial cell?

The biofilm that forms in your shower ("shower curtain scum")can tolerate exposure to hot water when you shower and is resistant to desiccation between showers.The microbes in the biofilm are not endospores,so what is the best explanation for their survival under these conditions?

When whole cells or large molecules in solution are engulfed by a cell,this endocytosis is specifically termed ______.

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration is called ______.

The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which the rate of multiplication equals the rate of cell death is the ______.

Phosphorus is one of the major elements needed in larger quantities by microorganisms.

An organism with a temperature growth range of 45°C to 60°C would be called a(n)______.

A barophile would grow best in ______.

Diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane is called ______.

Whether an organism is an autotroph or heterotroph depends on its source of nitrogen.

The time interval from parent cell to two new daughter cells is called ______.

The production of antibiotics is a form of antagonism called ______.

You want to experiment with microbial growth in various nutrients,so you inoculate a loopful of E.coli into a tube of honey.Which statement best describes what you expect to happen and why?

An organism that grows slowly in the cold but has an optimum growth temperature of 32°C is called a(n) ______.

Which of the following microorganisms would find hypotonic conditions most damaging?

Nutrient absorption is mediated by the ______.

A bacterium is inoculated into a tube of thioglycollate and incubated.After incubation,turbidity appears throughout,top to bottom,with the greatest turbidty at the very top.This bacterium would be called a(n)______.

Organisms called _____ live on or in the body of a host and cause some degree of harm.

The cell wall will help prevent the cell from bursting in ______ conditions.

Termites are insects that require the protozoan Trichonympha in their gut to synthesize the enzyme cellulase to degrade the cellulose in wood.The protozoan uses the end products of the cellulose breakdown (glucose).This is a(n)______ relationship.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

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