Question 1

If employee goals and norms conflict with the organization's goals, then:

Accepted Answer

A) employees should make most decisions in the organization. 
B) employees should be invited to make recommendations on important ideas, which are almost always accepted by management. 
C) employees should never be involved in organizational decisions. 
D) employees should have a low level of employee involvement. 
E) employees should belong to self-directed work teams. 
A) employees should make most decisions in the organization. 
B) employees should be invited to make recommendations on important ideas, which are almost always accepted by management. 
C) employees should never be involved in organizational decisions. 
D) employees should have a low level of employee involvement. 
E) employees should belong to self-directed work teams.

Question 2

Our mental models of the world can prevent us from recognizing emerging problems in the workplace.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Establishing a preset level at which the decision is abandoned or re-evaluated is recommended mainly to:

Accepted Answer

A) minimize reliance on an implicit favorite. 
B) avoid relying on mental models to recognize problems or opportunities. 
C) minimize escalation of commitment. 
D) minimize problem identification. 
E) reduce the incidence of satisficing. 
A) minimize reliance on an implicit favorite. 
B) avoid relying on mental models to recognize problems or opportunities. 
C) minimize escalation of commitment. 
D) minimize problem identification. 
E) reduce the incidence of satisficing.

Question 4

Prospect theory and closing costs are two reasons why people:

Accepted Answer

A) engage in escalation of commitment. 
B) define problems in terms of preferred solutions. 
C) make non-programmed decisions rather than programmed decisions. 
D) engage in satisficing. 
E) encourage employee involvement. 
A) engage in escalation of commitment. 
B) define problems in terms of preferred solutions. 
C) make non-programmed decisions rather than programmed decisions. 
D) engage in satisficing. 
E) encourage employee involvement.

Question 5

Creativity occurs by redefining the problem, not just by finding a unique solution to the existing problem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Mental models have what effect on the decision-making process?

Accepted Answer

A) They perpetuate assumptions that make it difficult to see new opportunities. 
B) They cause production blocking in decision making. 
C) They make it unnecessary to develop alternative solutions to the problem. 
D) They cause decision makers to maximize rather than satisfice. 
E) They help people to be more creative in decision making. 
A) They perpetuate assumptions that make it difficult to see new opportunities. 
B) They cause production blocking in decision making. 
C) They make it unnecessary to develop alternative solutions to the problem. 
D) They cause decision makers to maximize rather than satisfice. 
E) They help people to be more creative in decision making.

Question 7

People are creative because they work in creative environments, not because of any differences in their ability or personality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Incubation is a unique activity in organizational settings for increasing creativity.Describe this stage of creativity and explain what employees need to do to improve the incubation process.

Accepted Answer

Incubation is the stage of reflective th

Question 9

Associative play, morphological analysis, and cross-pollination are three strategies to:

Accepted Answer

A) increase group polarization. 
B) apply brainstorming more exactly as originally described by Osborn. 
C) increase conformity to peer pressure. 
D) improve creativity. 
E) make the problem-finding stage of decision making less emotional. 
A) increase group polarization. 
B) apply brainstorming more exactly as originally described by Osborn. 
C) increase conformity to peer pressure. 
D) improve creativity. 
E) make the problem-finding stage of decision making less emotional.

Question 10

Decision making is an unconscious process of moving toward a desirable state of affairs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Intuition is based on mental templates or models representing tacit knowledge about a situation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In the creative process, insight:

Accepted Answer

A) produces a well-developed and tested solution to problems. 
B) follows the verification stage. 
C) almost always occurs at night, rarely during the daytime. 
D) is the opposite of divergent thinking. 
E) None of these statements is correct. 
A) produces a well-developed and tested solution to problems. 
B) follows the verification stage. 
C) almost always occurs at night, rarely during the daytime. 
D) is the opposite of divergent thinking. 
E) None of these statements is correct.

Question 13

Which of these is NOT a reason contributing to escalation of commitment?

Accepted Answer

A) Self justification 
B) Prospect theory effect 
C) Perceptual blinders 
D) Closing costs 
E) Implicit favorites 
A) Self justification 
B) Prospect theory effect 
C) Perceptual blinders 
D) Closing costs 
E) Implicit favorites

Question 14

The tendency to define problems in terms of a preferred solution occurs because:

Accepted Answer

A) people form preferences for alternatives as soon as they are identified. 
B) people want to quickly understand and resolve problems. 
C) this avoids the escalation of commitment problem. 
D) all of the above. 
E) only 'A' and 'B'. 
A) people form preferences for alternatives as soon as they are identified. 
B) people want to quickly understand and resolve problems. 
C) this avoids the escalation of commitment problem. 
D) all of the above. 
E) only 'A' and 'B'.

Question 15

Post-decisional justification gives people an excessively optimistic evaluation of their decisions, until they receive very clear and undeniable information to the contrary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Employee involvement is LESS valuable or successful when:

Accepted Answer

A) decisions are programmed. 
B) employees are committed to decisions made by their bosses. 
C) employees have the same information as their bosses. 
D) employee norms conflict with organizational goals. 
E) all of the above conditions exist. 
A) decisions are programmed. 
B) employees are committed to decisions made by their bosses. 
C) employees have the same information as their bosses. 
D) employee norms conflict with organizational goals. 
E) all of the above conditions exist.

Question 17

The rational choice paradigm states that effective decision makers begin at any step in the model.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Incubation is the stage of creativity in which the problem is simmering at the back of your mind while you are doing something else.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The concept of bounded rationality holds that:

Accepted Answer

A) our perception of a rational reality is bounded by non rationality. 
B) decision makers process limited and imperfect information and therefore rarely select the best choice. 
C) decision makers are "bounded" by organizational limitations. 
D) decision makers are bound to project images of themselves as rational thinkers. 
E) our realities are bounded by our own perceptions so that everyone's reality is different. 
A) our perception of a rational reality is bounded by non rationality. 
B) decision makers process limited and imperfect information and therefore rarely select the best choice. 
C) decision makers are "bounded" by organizational limitations. 
D) decision makers are bound to project images of themselves as rational thinkers. 
E) our realities are bounded by our own perceptions so that everyone's reality is different.

Question 20

After Crispy Foods Ltd.had poured millions of dollars into the development of a new machine-made potato chip (a product that appeared to be a failing endeavor early in the development process), the Board of Directors of the food-processing firm fired the CEO who had proposed and championed the product's continued development.The new CEO's first task is to find out why this monumental waste of money had occurred and how it can be prevented in the future.Describe two procedures that the new CEO at Crispy Foods Ltd.can implement that will prevent or minimize this type of escalation of commitment in the future.Be sure to write your referring to this specific incident.

Accepted Answer

There are several ways to minimize the r

If employee goals and norms conflict with the organization's goals, then:

Our mental models of the world can prevent us from recognizing emerging problems in the workplace.

Establishing a preset level at which the decision is abandoned or re-evaluated is recommended mainly to:

Prospect theory and closing costs are two reasons why people:

Creativity occurs by redefining the problem, not just by finding a unique solution to the existing problem.

Mental models have what effect on the decision-making process?

People are creative because they work in creative environments, not because of any differences in their ability or personality.

Incubation is a unique activity in organizational settings for increasing creativity.Describe this stage of creativity and explain what employees need to do to improve the incubation process.

Associative play, morphological analysis, and cross-pollination are three strategies to:

Decision making is an unconscious process of moving toward a desirable state of affairs.

Intuition is based on mental templates or models representing tacit knowledge about a situation.

In the creative process, insight:

Which of these is NOT a reason contributing to escalation of commitment?

The tendency to define problems in terms of a preferred solution occurs because:

Post-decisional justification gives people an excessively optimistic evaluation of their decisions, until they receive very clear and undeniable information to the contrary.

Employee involvement is LESS valuable or successful when:

The rational choice paradigm states that effective decision makers begin at any step in the model.

Incubation is the stage of creativity in which the problem is simmering at the back of your mind while you are doing something else.

The concept of bounded rationality holds that:

Introduction to the Field of Organizational Behavior

Individual Behavior, Personality, and Values

Perception and Learning in Organizations

Workplace Emotions, Attitudes and Stress

Foundations of Employee Motivation

Applied Performance Practices

Team Dynamics

Communicating in Teams and Organizations

Power and Influence in the Workplace

Conflict and Negotiation in the Workplace

Leadership in Organizational Settings

Organizational Structure

Organizational Culture

Organizational Change

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Exam 7: Decision Making and Creativity

If employee goals and norms conflict with the organization's goals, then:

Our mental models of the world can prevent us from recognizing emerging problems in the workplace.

Establishing a preset level at which the decision is abandoned or re-evaluated is recommended mainly to:

Prospect theory and closing costs are two reasons why people:

Creativity occurs by redefining the problem, not just by finding a unique solution to the existing problem.

Mental models have what effect on the decision-making process?

People are creative because they work in creative environments, not because of any differences in their ability or personality.

Incubation is a unique activity in organizational settings for increasing creativity.Describe this stage of creativity and explain what employees need to do to improve the incubation process.

Associative play, morphological analysis, and cross-pollination are three strategies to:

Decision making is an unconscious process of moving toward a desirable state of affairs.

Intuition is based on mental templates or models representing tacit knowledge about a situation.

In the creative process, insight:

Which of these is NOT a reason contributing to escalation of commitment?

The tendency to define problems in terms of a preferred solution occurs because:

Post-decisional justification gives people an excessively optimistic evaluation of their decisions, until they receive very clear and undeniable information to the contrary.

Employee involvement is LESS valuable or successful when:

The rational choice paradigm states that effective decision makers begin at any step in the model.

Incubation is the stage of creativity in which the problem is simmering at the back of your mind while you are doing something else.

The concept of bounded rationality holds that:

Introduction to the Field of Organizational Behavior

Individual Behavior, Personality, and Values

Perception and Learning in Organizations

Workplace Emotions, Attitudes and Stress

Foundations of Employee Motivation

Applied Performance Practices

Team Dynamics

Communicating in Teams and Organizations

Power and Influence in the Workplace

Conflict and Negotiation in the Workplace

Leadership in Organizational Settings

Organizational Structure

Organizational Culture

Organizational Change

Filters