Question 1

Cells replicate DNA

Accepted Answer

A)  during the M phase of the cell cycle. 
B)  all the time. 
C)  during the S phase of the cell cycle. 
D)  only when a person is stressed. 
E)  more frequently the older a person gets. 
A)  during the M phase of the cell cycle. 
B)  all the time. 
C)  during the S phase of the cell cycle. 
D)  only when a person is stressed. 
E)  more frequently the older a person gets. C

Question 2

A codon consists of 3 consecutive

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA bases. 
B)  amino acids. 
C)  tRNA bases 
D)  mRNA bases. 
E)  rRNA bases 
A)  DNA bases. 
B)  amino acids. 
C)  tRNA bases 
D)  mRNA bases. 
E)  rRNA bases D

Question 3

Ribosomes begin translation of an mRNA transcript at the first

Accepted Answer

A)  methionine. 
B)  anticodon. 
C)  AUG. 
D)  promoter. 
E)  tRNA. 
A)  methionine. 
B)  anticodon. 
C)  AUG. 
D)  promoter. 
E)  tRNA. C

Question 4

A prion is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  very small virus. 
B)  a virus built only of protein. 
C)  a glycoprotein that has multiple conformations and may be infectious. 
D)  a subatomic particle, along with a neutron and an electron. 
E)  infectious agent that causes AIDS. 
A)  very small virus. 
B)  a virus built only of protein. 
C)  a glycoprotein that has multiple conformations and may be infectious. 
D)  a subatomic particle, along with a neutron and an electron. 
E)  infectious agent that causes AIDS.

Question 5

Which of these is not found in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen 
B)  phosphate 
C)  deoxyribose 
D)  purines 
E)  ribose 
A)  nitrogen 
B)  phosphate 
C)  deoxyribose 
D)  purines 
E)  ribose

Question 6

Which codon halts ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  UAG 
B)  AUG 
C)  UUU 
D)  ATG 
E)  methionine (met) 
A)  UAG 
B)  AUG 
C)  UUU 
D)  ATG 
E)  methionine (met)

Question 7

An mRNA molecule is also called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  intron. 
B)  transcript. 
C)  gene. 
D)  proscript. 
E)  linguist. 
A)  intron. 
B)  transcript. 
C)  gene. 
D)  proscript. 
E)  linguist.

Question 8

_______ proteins stabilize partially folded parts of proteins in their correct form.

Accepted Answer

A)  Chaperone 
B)  Origami 
C)  Signal sequences 
D)  Proteosomes 
E)  Ubiquitin 
A)  Chaperone 
B)  Origami 
C)  Signal sequences 
D)  Proteosomes 
E)  Ubiquitin

Question 9

Transcription factors function in the expression of genes by

Accepted Answer

A)  initiating transcription. 
B)  associating to initiate translation. 
C)  turning transcription of specific genes on or off. 
D)  halting the activity of RNA polymerase at the end of transcription. 
E)  bringing amino acids into the ribosome. 
A)  initiating transcription. 
B)  associating to initiate translation. 
C)  turning transcription of specific genes on or off. 
D)  halting the activity of RNA polymerase at the end of transcription. 
E)  bringing amino acids into the ribosome.

Question 10

A mutation that changes one particular amino acid into another can affect the functioning of other amino acids farther away in the primary sequence due to

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of prions. 
B)  protein folding. 
C)  the fact that the mutation functions only part of the time. 
D)  jumping genes. 
E)  the tendency for further mutations to occur. 
A)  the presence of prions. 
B)  protein folding. 
C)  the fact that the mutation functions only part of the time. 
D)  jumping genes. 
E)  the tendency for further mutations to occur.

Question 11

Which of the following descriptions of genetic information flow best illustrates the central dogma of biology?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA to RNA to protein 
B)  RNA to DNA to protein 
C)  protein to DNA to protein 
D)  protein to RNA to DNA 
E)  DNA to protein to carbohydrate 
A)  DNA to RNA to protein 
B)  RNA to DNA to protein 
C)  protein to DNA to protein 
D)  protein to RNA to DNA 
E)  DNA to protein to carbohydrate

Question 12

_______ bonds form between amino acids during elongation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphodiester 
B)  Disulfide 
C)  Peptide 
D)  Hydrogen 
E)  Glycine 
A)  Phosphodiester 
B)  Disulfide 
C)  Peptide 
D)  Hydrogen 
E)  Glycine

Question 13

Ribosomal RNAs

Accepted Answer

A)  are translated from DNA. 
B)  are synthesized by ribosomes. 
C)  connect codons to amino acids. 
D)  complex with proteins to form ribosomes. 
E)  are made from amino acid subunits. 
A)  are translated from DNA. 
B)  are synthesized by ribosomes. 
C)  connect codons to amino acids. 
D)  complex with proteins to form ribosomes. 
E)  are made from amino acid subunits.

Question 14

If the percentage of guanine in an mRNA is 25%,the percentage of cytosine

Accepted Answer

A)  is 20%. 
B)  is 30%. 
C)  is 60%. 
D)  is 40%. 
E)  cannot be determined. 
A)  is 20%. 
B)  is 30%. 
C)  is 60%. 
D)  is 40%. 
E)  cannot be determined.

Question 15

The idea that a DNA sequence is a code for an amino acid sequence was first stated in

Accepted Answer

A)  the paper revealing the genetic code, published in 1963. 
B)  the paper revealing DNA's structure, published in 1953. 
C)  the papers revealing the human genome sequence, published in 1953. 
D)  the papers revealing the human genome sequence, published in 2001. 
E)  the publication of the first map of single nucleotide polymorphisms. 
A)  the paper revealing the genetic code, published in 1963. 
B)  the paper revealing DNA's structure, published in 1953. 
C)  the papers revealing the human genome sequence, published in 1953. 
D)  the papers revealing the human genome sequence, published in 2001. 
E)  the publication of the first map of single nucleotide polymorphisms.

Question 16

_______ consist of proteins and RNAs that associate,providing both a physical support and enzyme activity for protein synthesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleosomes 
B)  Ribosomes 
C)  Acrosomes 
D)  Nuclei 
E)  Histones 
A)  Nucleosomes 
B)  Ribosomes 
C)  Acrosomes 
D)  Nuclei 
E)  Histones

Question 17

A retrovirus produces an enzyme,called reverse transcriptase,which copies its RNA genome into DNA.This is opposite the central dogma because

Accepted Answer

A)  a virus is not an organism. 
B)  a virus lacks genetic material. 
C)  a retrovirus lacks DNA. 
D)  the central dogma states that DNA is copied into RNA. 
E)  of the viral mutation rate. 
A)  a virus is not an organism. 
B)  a virus lacks genetic material. 
C)  a retrovirus lacks DNA. 
D)  the central dogma states that DNA is copied into RNA. 
E)  of the viral mutation rate.

Question 18

The sequences UUUUUUUUU .....,AAAAAAAAA......,and CCCCCCCCC.....,were the first to be analyzed to crack the genetic code because

Accepted Answer

A)  they were the simplest to synthesize. 
B)  they would encode all types of amino acids. 
C)  they would encode only one type of nucleotide. 
D)  they would encode only one type of amino acid. 
E)  they could be mixed up to encode all amino acids. 
A)  they were the simplest to synthesize. 
B)  they would encode all types of amino acids. 
C)  they would encode only one type of nucleotide. 
D)  they would encode only one type of amino acid. 
E)  they could be mixed up to encode all amino acids.

Question 19

The enzyme that synthesizes messenger RNA from a DNA template is

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase. 
B)  Rnase. 
C)  RNA polymerase. 
D)  reverse transcriptase. 
E)  ligase. 
A)  DNA polymerase. 
B)  Rnase. 
C)  RNA polymerase. 
D)  reverse transcriptase. 
E)  ligase.

Question 20

A benefit of alternate splicing of introns out of mRNAs is that

Accepted Answer

A)  it maximizes the number of introns. 
B)  it increases the number of proteins that the genome encodes. 
C)  it lowers the risk of inherited disease. 
D)  it lowers the risk of infection. 
E)  it speeds transcription. 
A)  it maximizes the number of introns. 
B)  it increases the number of proteins that the genome encodes. 
C)  it lowers the risk of inherited disease. 
D)  it lowers the risk of infection. 
E)  it speeds transcription.

Exam 10: Gene Action: From Dna to Protein

Cells replicate DNA

A codon consists of 3 consecutive

Ribosomes begin translation of an mRNA transcript at the first

A prion is a(n)

Which of these is not found in RNA?

Which codon halts ribosomes?

An mRNA molecule is also called a(n)

_______ proteins stabilize partially folded parts of proteins in their correct form.

Transcription factors function in the expression of genes by

A mutation that changes one particular amino acid into another can affect the functioning of other amino acids farther away in the primary sequence due to

Which of the following descriptions of genetic information flow best illustrates the central dogma of biology?

_______ bonds form between amino acids during elongation.

Ribosomal RNAs

If the percentage of guanine in an mRNA is 25%,the percentage of cytosine

The idea that a DNA sequence is a code for an amino acid sequence was first stated in

_______ consist of proteins and RNAs that associate,providing both a physical support and enzyme activity for protein synthesis.

A retrovirus produces an enzyme,called reverse transcriptase,which copies its RNA genome into DNA.This is opposite the central dogma because

The sequences UUUUUUUUU .....,AAAAAAAAA......,and CCCCCCCCC.....,were the first to be analyzed to crack the genetic code because

The enzyme that synthesizes messenger RNA from a DNA template is

A benefit of alternate splicing of introns out of mRNAs is that

Overview of Genetics

Cells

Meiosis and Development

Single-Gene Inheritance

Beyond Mendels Law

Matters of Sex

Multifactorial Traits

Genetics of Behavior

DNA Structure and Replication

Gene Expression and Epigenetics

Gene Mutation

Chromosomes

Constant Allele Frequencies

Changing Allele Frequencies

Human Ancestry

Genetics of Immunity

Genetics of Cancer

Genetic Technologies: Amplifying, Modifying, and Monitoring DNA

Genetic Testing and Treatment

Reproductive Technologies

Genomics

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