Question 1

Which genetic map is derived from overlapping short pieces of DNA and is used to distinguish genes tens of kilobases apart?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytogenetic map 
B)  Linkage map 
C)  Physical map 
D)  Sequence map 
E)  Genotype map 
A)  Cytogenetic map 
B)  Linkage map 
C)  Physical map 
D)  Sequence map 
E)  Genotype map C

Question 2

cDNA is copied from

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA. 
B)  protein. 
C)  mRNA. 
D)  a pictogram. 
E)  a cytogenetic map. 
A)  DNA. 
B)  protein. 
C)  mRNA. 
D)  a pictogram. 
E)  a cytogenetic map. C

Question 3

The microbiome considers

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA from microorganisms in the human body. 
B)  human DNA in microorganisms. 
C)  all DNA that is too small to be seen in a light microscope. 
D)  genes that contribute to or control metabolism. 
E)  all parts of the human genome that encode protein. 
A)  DNA from microorganisms in the human body. 
B)  human DNA in microorganisms. 
C)  all DNA that is too small to be seen in a light microscope. 
D)  genes that contribute to or control metabolism. 
E)  all parts of the human genome that encode protein. A

Question 4

The term genome was first used by

Accepted Answer

A)  H. Winkler in 1920. 
B)  Francis Crick in 1962. 
C)  Francis Collins in 1992. 
D)  J. Craig Venter in 1990. 
E)  Gregor Mendel in 1858. 
A)  H. Winkler in 1920. 
B)  Francis Crick in 1962. 
C)  Francis Collins in 1992. 
D)  J. Craig Venter in 1990. 
E)  Gregor Mendel in 1858.

Question 5

If an insufficient number of genomes are cut in a sequencing run,the result could be

Accepted Answer

A)  gaps. 
B)  mutations. 
C)  single nucleotide polymorphisms. 
D)  duplications. 
E)  inverted sequences. 
A)  gaps. 
B)  mutations. 
C)  single nucleotide polymorphisms. 
D)  duplications. 
E)  inverted sequences.

Question 6

Once people began to have their genomes sequenced,it became clear that we vary more than had been thought.This is because the way that the genome was initially sequenced did not account for

Accepted Answer

A)  mutations. 
B)  copy number variants. 
C)  SNPs. 
D)  ethnic differences. 
E)  people who had undergone gene therapy. 
A)  mutations. 
B)  copy number variants. 
C)  SNPs. 
D)  ethnic differences. 
E)  people who had undergone gene therapy.

Question 7

DNA sequencing can reveal

Accepted Answer

A)  mutations that do not alter phenotype. 
B)  mutations that do not alter genotype. 
C)  which tissues express a gene. 
D)  how many genes a person has. 
E)  how a person will die. 
A)  mutations that do not alter phenotype. 
B)  mutations that do not alter genotype. 
C)  which tissues express a gene. 
D)  how many genes a person has. 
E)  how a person will die.

Question 8

The ENCODE project is examining

Accepted Answer

A)  the chicken genome, to learn more about dinosaurs, whose DNA was not preserved. 
B)  the part of the human genome sequence that does not encode protein. 
C)  the genes that account for our anatomy and physiology. 
D)  a representative 1 percent of the human genome. 
E)  the human exome. 
A)  the chicken genome, to learn more about dinosaurs, whose DNA was not preserved. 
B)  the part of the human genome sequence that does not encode protein. 
C)  the genes that account for our anatomy and physiology. 
D)  a representative 1 percent of the human genome. 
E)  the human exome.

Question 9

Sequencing of the first three human genomes revealed that the percent of our SNPs likely to influence our phenotypes is

Accepted Answer

A)  0. 
B)  10. 
A)  0. 
B)  10.

Question 10

A pictogram is used to

Accepted Answer

A)  compare the diversity of mRNAs among individuals of the same species. 
B)  compare which DNA base is present at a particular position in a conserved short DNA sequence among different species. 
C)  compare the frequency of two-base sequences in the genomes of species thought to be closely related based on other types of evidence. 
D)  visualize what the chromosomes of different species look like when condensed. 
E)  align long sections of the genomes of different species that are the same in sequence. 
A)  compare the diversity of mRNAs among individuals of the same species. 
B)  compare which DNA base is present at a particular position in a conserved short DNA sequence among different species. 
C)  compare the frequency of two-base sequences in the genomes of species thought to be closely related based on other types of evidence. 
D)  visualize what the chromosomes of different species look like when condensed. 
E)  align long sections of the genomes of different species that are the same in sequence.

Question 11

The human genome project did not discover copy number variants because

Accepted Answer

A)  people did not know they existed. 
B)  the sequenced and overlapped DNA pieces were unique. 
C)  the sequenced and overlapped DNA pieces included repeats. 
D)  there are too many to count, and they overlap among individuals. 
E)  no restriction enzymes are known that cut at these sequences. 
A)  people did not know they existed. 
B)  the sequenced and overlapped DNA pieces were unique. 
C)  the sequenced and overlapped DNA pieces included repeats. 
D)  there are too many to count, and they overlap among individuals. 
E)  no restriction enzymes are known that cut at these sequences.

Question 12

In the 1980s and 1990s,positional cloning led to the discovery of genes that

Accepted Answer

A)  encode all proteins in the human genome. 
B)  cause hemophilia, fragile X syndrome, and colorblindness. 
C)  cause several types of cancers. 
D)  cause Duchene muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, and Huntington disease. 
E)  make a person susceptible to radiation-induced damage to DNA. 
A)  encode all proteins in the human genome. 
B)  cause hemophilia, fragile X syndrome, and colorblindness. 
C)  cause several types of cancers. 
D)  cause Duchene muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, and Huntington disease. 
E)  make a person susceptible to radiation-induced damage to DNA.

Question 13

Positional cloning

Accepted Answer

A)  seeks regions of the genome shared by the members of large families who have the same Mendelian disorder. 
B)  scans and then sequences the human genome chromosome by chromosome, in size order. 
C)  determines the sequence of protein-encoding genes on a chromosome. 
D)  identifies expressed sequence tags in genes of interest. 
E)  cuts several copies of the human genome into pieces and aligns them to derive the overall sequence. 
A)  seeks regions of the genome shared by the members of large families who have the same Mendelian disorder. 
B)  scans and then sequences the human genome chromosome by chromosome, in size order. 
C)  determines the sequence of protein-encoding genes on a chromosome. 
D)  identifies expressed sequence tags in genes of interest. 
E)  cuts several copies of the human genome into pieces and aligns them to derive the overall sequence.

Question 14

Two technologies that sped progress of the human genome project in 1991 were

Accepted Answer

A)  recombinant DNA technology and PCR. 
B)  amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling. 
C)  screening for sickle cell disease and FISH to identify aneuploidy. 
D)  the invention of the Internet and personal computers. 
E)  expressed sequence tags and microarrays. 
A)  recombinant DNA technology and PCR. 
B)  amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling. 
C)  screening for sickle cell disease and FISH to identify aneuploidy. 
D)  the invention of the Internet and personal computers. 
E)  expressed sequence tags and microarrays.

Question 15

Which timeline is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  The finished human genome sequence was published in 2006, the rough draft published in 2004, and the rough draft announced in 2002. 
B)  The finished human genome sequence was published in 2003, the rough draft published in 2001, and the rough draft announced in 2000. 
C)  The finished human genome sequence was published in 1998, the rough draft published in 1996, and the rough draft announced in 1995. 
D)  The finished human genome sequence was published in 2000, the rough draft published in 1995, and the rough draft announced in 1994. 
E)  The human genome is still being sequenced and annotated, with completion expected in 2012 . 
A)  The finished human genome sequence was published in 2006, the rough draft published in 2004, and the rough draft announced in 2002. 
B)  The finished human genome sequence was published in 2003, the rough draft published in 2001, and the rough draft announced in 2000. 
C)  The finished human genome sequence was published in 1998, the rough draft published in 1996, and the rough draft announced in 1995. 
D)  The finished human genome sequence was published in 2000, the rough draft published in 1995, and the rough draft announced in 1994. 
E)  The human genome is still being sequenced and annotated, with completion expected in 2012 .

Question 16

According to the genomic analysis of Mycoplasma genitalium,what are the minimal number of genes required for life?

Accepted Answer

A)  48,000 
B)  480 
C)  265 - 350 
D)  300 Mb 
E)  3 
A)  48,000 
B)  480 
C)  265 - 350 
D)  300 Mb 
E)  3

Question 17

One surprise from comparative genome projects is that

Accepted Answer

A)  all species examined so far have the same genes. 
B)  we do not know the function of a great many genes. 
C)  small organisms can have large genomes. 
D)  large organisms can have small genomes. 
E)  genomes seem to be contracting over time. 
A)  all species examined so far have the same genes. 
B)  we do not know the function of a great many genes. 
C)  small organisms can have large genomes. 
D)  large organisms can have small genomes. 
E)  genomes seem to be contracting over time.

Question 18

A SNP that changes the amino acid sequence of an encoded protein is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  synonymous. 
B)  nonsynonymous. 
C)  transliteral. 
D)  mutagenic. 
E)  genomic. 
A)  synonymous. 
B)  nonsynonymous. 
C)  transliteral. 
D)  mutagenic. 
E)  genomic.

Question 19

The part of the genome that encodes protein is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  encode. 
B)  intron. 
C)  exon. 
D)  exome. 
E)  prodrome. 
A)  encode. 
B)  intron. 
C)  exon. 
D)  exome. 
E)  prodrome.

Question 20

To identify genes that are actively expressed,researchers isolate

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA. 
B)  protein. 
C)  mRNA. 
D)  cDNA. 
E)  amino acids. 
A)  DNA. 
B)  protein. 
C)  mRNA. 
D)  cDNA. 
E)  amino acids.

Exam 22: Genomics

Which genetic map is derived from overlapping short pieces of DNA and is used to distinguish genes tens of kilobases apart?

cDNA is copied from

The microbiome considers

The term genome was first used by

If an insufficient number of genomes are cut in a sequencing run,the result could be

Once people began to have their genomes sequenced,it became clear that we vary more than had been thought.This is because the way that the genome was initially sequenced did not account for

DNA sequencing can reveal

The ENCODE project is examining

Sequencing of the first three human genomes revealed that the percent of our SNPs likely to influence our phenotypes is

A pictogram is used to

The human genome project did not discover copy number variants because

In the 1980s and 1990s,positional cloning led to the discovery of genes that

Positional cloning

Two technologies that sped progress of the human genome project in 1991 were

Which timeline is accurate?

According to the genomic analysis of Mycoplasma genitalium,what are the minimal number of genes required for life?

One surprise from comparative genome projects is that

A SNP that changes the amino acid sequence of an encoded protein is termed

The part of the genome that encodes protein is called the

To identify genes that are actively expressed,researchers isolate

Overview of Genetics

Cells

Meiosis and Development

Single-Gene Inheritance

Beyond Mendels Law

Matters of Sex

Multifactorial Traits

Genetics of Behavior

DNA Structure and Replication

Gene Action: From Dna to Protein

Gene Expression and Epigenetics

Gene Mutation

Chromosomes

Constant Allele Frequencies

Changing Allele Frequencies

Human Ancestry

Genetics of Immunity

Genetics of Cancer

Genetic Technologies: Amplifying, Modifying, and Monitoring DNA

Genetic Testing and Treatment

Reproductive Technologies

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