Question 1

The part of a chromosome that shortens with each cell division,functioning as a "clock," is the

Accepted Answer

A)  centromere. 
B)  centrosome. 
C)  centriole. 
D)  telomere. 
E)  teleost. 
A)  centromere. 
B)  centrosome. 
C)  centriole. 
D)  telomere. 
E)  teleost. D

Question 2

In which disease is signal transduction abnormal?

Accepted Answer

A)  diabetes mellitus 
B)  restless legs syndrome 
C)  acne 
D)  neurofibromatosis type 1 
E)  appendicitis 
A)  diabetes mellitus 
B)  restless legs syndrome 
C)  acne 
D)  neurofibromatosis type 1 
E)  appendicitis D

Question 3

In a DNA molecule,the sugar-phosphate backbone is the same in everyone,but the base sequence is different in everyone.A plasma membrane is similar conceptually to DNA in that

Accepted Answer

A)  the lipid bilayer is the same in everyone, but the nature and pattern of the molecules embedded in it differ. 
B)  the pattern of embedded proteins in the plasma membrane is the same in everyone, but the lipid bilayer differs. 
C)  the lipid bilayer and pattern of embedded proteins differ in everyone. 
D)  the lipid bilayer is the same in everyone, but some people have the embedded proteins sticking out of the outer face of the membrane, and others have the proteins extending inward. 
E)  it encodes information in a sequence of molecules. 
A)  the lipid bilayer is the same in everyone, but the nature and pattern of the molecules embedded in it differ. 
B)  the pattern of embedded proteins in the plasma membrane is the same in everyone, but the lipid bilayer differs. 
C)  the lipid bilayer and pattern of embedded proteins differ in everyone. 
D)  the lipid bilayer is the same in everyone, but some people have the embedded proteins sticking out of the outer face of the membrane, and others have the proteins extending inward. 
E)  it encodes information in a sequence of molecules. A

Question 4

Ribosomes are in the cells of

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria only. 
B)  eukaryotes only. 
C)  animals only. 
D)  vertebrates only. 
E)  all organisms. 
A)  bacteria only. 
B)  eukaryotes only. 
C)  animals only. 
D)  vertebrates only. 
E)  all organisms.

Question 5

The order of events in the cell cycle is

Accepted Answer

A)  S to G1 to G2 to mitosis. 
B)  Mitosis to G1 to G2 to S. 
C)  G1 to G2 to S to mitosis. 
D)  G1 to S to G2 to mitosis. 
E)  G0 to mitosis to G0. 
A)  S to G1 to G2 to mitosis. 
B)  Mitosis to G1 to G2 to S. 
C)  G1 to G2 to S to mitosis. 
D)  G1 to S to G2 to mitosis. 
E)  G0 to mitosis to G0.

Question 6

The two major stages of the cell cycle are

Accepted Answer

A)  interphase and prophase. 
B)  interphase and mitosis. 
C)  mitosis and meiosis. 
D)  mitosis and apoptosis. 
E)  anaphase and telophase. 
A)  interphase and prophase. 
B)  interphase and mitosis. 
C)  mitosis and meiosis. 
D)  mitosis and apoptosis. 
E)  anaphase and telophase.

Question 7

Cilia are built of

Accepted Answer

A)  microorganisms. 
B)  microfilaments. 
C)  micronutrients. 
D)  microtubules. 
E)  intermediate filaments. 
A)  microorganisms. 
B)  microfilaments. 
C)  micronutrients. 
D)  microtubules. 
E)  intermediate filaments.

Question 8

Cristae are

Accepted Answer

A)  types of genes. 
B)  types of insects. 
C)  membranous structures that are parts of mitochondria. 
D)  bits of sugars in the Golgi apparatus. 
E)  types of plasma membrane proteins. 
A)  types of genes. 
B)  types of insects. 
C)  membranous structures that are parts of mitochondria. 
D)  bits of sugars in the Golgi apparatus. 
E)  types of plasma membrane proteins.

Question 9

Factors that control how often a cell divides include

Accepted Answer

A)  telomere lengths, hormonal signals, crowding, and growth factors. 
B)  which chromosomes are active and which are not. 
C)  the activity level of the person, diet, and environmental exposures. 
D)  where chromosomes are located within the nucleus. 
E)  whether the nuclear membrane has broken apart or is intact. 
A)  telomere lengths, hormonal signals, crowding, and growth factors. 
B)  which chromosomes are active and which are not. 
C)  the activity level of the person, diet, and environmental exposures. 
D)  where chromosomes are located within the nucleus. 
E)  whether the nuclear membrane has broken apart or is intact.

Question 10

During S phase,replicated chromosomes are joined at their

Accepted Answer

A)  centrosomes. 
B)  centromeres. 
C)  middlemeres. 
D)  telomeres. 
E)  spindles. 
A)  centrosomes. 
B)  centromeres. 
C)  middlemeres. 
D)  telomeres. 
E)  spindles.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Somatic cells are diploid, meaning that they have two copies of the human genome. 
B)  Somatic cells are haploid, meaning that they have one copy of the human genome. 
C)  Sperm and egg cells are diploid, meaning that they have two copies of the human genome. 
D)  Stem cells are haploid, meaning that they have one copy of the human genome. 
E)  Nerve and muscle cells are haploid, but other differentiated cells are diploid. 
A)  Somatic cells are diploid, meaning that they have two copies of the human genome. 
B)  Somatic cells are haploid, meaning that they have one copy of the human genome. 
C)  Sperm and egg cells are diploid, meaning that they have two copies of the human genome. 
D)  Stem cells are haploid, meaning that they have one copy of the human genome. 
E)  Nerve and muscle cells are haploid, but other differentiated cells are diploid.

Question 12

DNA replicates during __ phase of the cell cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)  G1 
B)  G2 
C)  G3 
D)  S 
E)  prophase of mitosis 
A)  G1 
B)  G2 
C)  G3 
D)  S 
E)  prophase of mitosis

Question 13

Apoptosis is a form of

Accepted Answer

A)  programmed cell death that is a normal part of development. 
B)  programmed cell division that is a normal part of development. 
C)  programmed cell death that is a normal part of differentiation. 
D)  reprogrammed cell division that is a normal part of inflammation. 
E)  cellular adhesion. 
A)  programmed cell death that is a normal part of development. 
B)  programmed cell division that is a normal part of development. 
C)  programmed cell death that is a normal part of differentiation. 
D)  reprogrammed cell division that is a normal part of inflammation. 
E)  cellular adhesion.

Question 14

In which disease is cellular adhesion abnormal?

Accepted Answer

A)  heart disease 
B)  Parkinson disease 
C)  pattern baldness 
D)  arthritis 
E)  irritable bowel syndrome 
A)  heart disease 
B)  Parkinson disease 
C)  pattern baldness 
D)  arthritis 
E)  irritable bowel syndrome

Question 15

The nuclear lamina is

Accepted Answer

A)  the sac that holds the genetic material. 
B)  part of the nucleus that holds RNA. 
C)  a fibrous layer that lines the inner face of the nuclear membrane. 
D)  the site of protein synthesis. 
E)  a single loop of the endoplasmic reticulum. 
A)  the sac that holds the genetic material. 
B)  part of the nucleus that holds RNA. 
C)  a fibrous layer that lines the inner face of the nuclear membrane. 
D)  the site of protein synthesis. 
E)  a single loop of the endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 16

In mitochondria,

Accepted Answer

A)  energy from nutrients is converted into a form that a cell can use. 
B)  all of a cell's DNA is replicated. 
C)  fats and carbohydrates are degraded. 
D)  sugars are added to proteins. 
E)  proteins are folded. 
A)  energy from nutrients is converted into a form that a cell can use. 
B)  all of a cell's DNA is replicated. 
C)  fats and carbohydrates are degraded. 
D)  sugars are added to proteins. 
E)  proteins are folded.

Question 17

The internal scaffolding of a cell consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  microtubules and microfilaments. 
B)  cilia and flagella. 
C)  chitin and chlorophyll. 
D)  lipid bilayers. 
E)  glycoproteins and glycolipids. 
A)  microtubules and microfilaments. 
B)  cilia and flagella. 
C)  chitin and chlorophyll. 
D)  lipid bilayers. 
E)  glycoproteins and glycolipids.

Question 18

Human stem cells are valuable in drug development because they can be used to

Accepted Answer

A)  create experimental organisms, such as rats and mice. 
B)  replace experimental animals such as rats and mice. 
C)  grow human embryos in culture, on which drugs can be tested. 
D)  study the latest stages of the disease that would have unfolded if the person hadn't died. 
E)  test doses of drugs so high that they would kill a person. 
A)  create experimental organisms, such as rats and mice. 
B)  replace experimental animals such as rats and mice. 
C)  grow human embryos in culture, on which drugs can be tested. 
D)  study the latest stages of the disease that would have unfolded if the person hadn't died. 
E)  test doses of drugs so high that they would kill a person.

Question 19

The cellular basis of muscular dystrophy is that some of a child's muscle cells

Accepted Answer

A)  have combined into a structure that cannot contract. 
B)  lack DNA. 
C)  lack a protein that enables them to withstand the force of contraction. 
D)  have too much of a contractile protein and become overworked. 
E)  have become haploid. 
A)  have combined into a structure that cannot contract. 
B)  lack DNA. 
C)  lack a protein that enables them to withstand the force of contraction. 
D)  have too much of a contractile protein and become overworked. 
E)  have become haploid.

Question 20

Which sequence of events illustrates the steps of signal transduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  First messenger to receptor molecules to second messenger to cellular response 
B)  Receptor molecules to first messenger to second messenger to cellular response 
C)  First messenger to second messenger to receptor molecules to cellular response 
D)  First messenger to second messenger to cellular responses to receptor 
E)  Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase 
A)  First messenger to receptor molecules to second messenger to cellular response 
B)  Receptor molecules to first messenger to second messenger to cellular response 
C)  First messenger to second messenger to receptor molecules to cellular response 
D)  First messenger to second messenger to cellular responses to receptor 
E)  Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Exam 2: Cells

The part of a chromosome that shortens with each cell division,functioning as a "clock," is the

In which disease is signal transduction abnormal?

In a DNA molecule,the sugar-phosphate backbone is the same in everyone,but the base sequence is different in everyone.A plasma membrane is similar conceptually to DNA in that

Ribosomes are in the cells of

The order of events in the cell cycle is

The two major stages of the cell cycle are

Cilia are built of

Cristae are

Factors that control how often a cell divides include

During S phase,replicated chromosomes are joined at their

Which of the following statements is true?

DNA replicates during __ phase of the cell cycle.

Apoptosis is a form of

In which disease is cellular adhesion abnormal?

The nuclear lamina is

In mitochondria,

The internal scaffolding of a cell consists of

Human stem cells are valuable in drug development because they can be used to

The cellular basis of muscular dystrophy is that some of a child's muscle cells

Which sequence of events illustrates the steps of signal transduction?

Overview of Genetics

Meiosis and Development

Single-Gene Inheritance

Beyond Mendels Law

Matters of Sex

Multifactorial Traits

Genetics of Behavior

DNA Structure and Replication

Gene Action: From Dna to Protein

Gene Expression and Epigenetics

Gene Mutation

Chromosomes

Constant Allele Frequencies

Changing Allele Frequencies

Human Ancestry

Genetics of Immunity

Genetics of Cancer

Genetic Technologies: Amplifying, Modifying, and Monitoring DNA

Genetic Testing and Treatment

Reproductive Technologies

Genomics

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