Question 1

Some animals are born as hermaphrodites,but unlike hermaphroditic plants,which can successfully self-pollinate,animal hermaphrodites are sterile.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Adult green woodhoopoes will stay close to their natal territories and help raise the young of close relatives,rather than dispersing to produce their own young,because

Accepted Answer

A)  the helpers increase their inclusive fitness. 
B)  high quality territories with suitable roosting cavities are limited. 
C)  the food supply varies year-to-year depending on the rainfall during the dry season. 
D)  both the helpers increase their inclusive fitness and high quality territories with suitable roosting cavities are limited. 
E)  both the helpers increase their inclusive fitness and the food supply varies year-to-year depending on the rainfall during the dry season. 
A)  the helpers increase their inclusive fitness. 
B)  high quality territories with suitable roosting cavities are limited. 
C)  the food supply varies year-to-year depending on the rainfall during the dry season. 
D)  both the helpers increase their inclusive fitness and high quality territories with suitable roosting cavities are limited. 
E)  both the helpers increase their inclusive fitness and the food supply varies year-to-year depending on the rainfall during the dry season. D

Question 3

Endler's research on the male guppy (Poecilia reticulate)color indicates that male colorfulness is determined by

Accepted Answer

A)  both predation and sexual selection by females. 
B)  intrasexual competition. 
C)  sexual selection by females. 
D)  both predation and intrasexual competition. 
E)  predation. 
A)  both predation and sexual selection by females. 
B)  intrasexual competition. 
C)  sexual selection by females. 
D)  both predation and intrasexual competition. 
E)  predation. A

Question 4

Fitness is defined as the

Accepted Answer

A)  health of an individual organism. 
B)  ability of an organism to adapt to new environmental situations. 
C)  quality of offspring produced. 
D)  number of genes contributed by an individual to the next generation. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  health of an individual organism. 
B)  ability of an organism to adapt to new environmental situations. 
C)  quality of offspring produced. 
D)  number of genes contributed by an individual to the next generation. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

Which of the following statements concerning lion cooperative living is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Larger coalitions are composed of unrelated males. 
B)  Prides are composed of closely related females. 
C)  First and second ranked males sire the majority of cubs. 
D)  Males taking over a pride will practice infanticide. 
E)  Female lions nurse each other's cubs. 
A)  Larger coalitions are composed of unrelated males. 
B)  Prides are composed of closely related females. 
C)  First and second ranked males sire the majority of cubs. 
D)  Males taking over a pride will practice infanticide. 
E)  Female lions nurse each other's cubs.

Question 6

Intersexual competition generally involves dominance or contest competition,whereas intrasexual selection involves mate selection through secondary sexual competition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

When investigating haplodiploidy,all of the following statements were found to be true except:

Accepted Answer

A)  siblings are more genetically related than an individual's own offspring. 
B)  males have one set of chromosomes. 
C)  kin selection is not implicated. 
D)  males develop from unfertilized eggs. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  siblings are more genetically related than an individual's own offspring. 
B)  males have one set of chromosomes. 
C)  kin selection is not implicated. 
D)  males develop from unfertilized eggs. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 8

Guppies live in the streams and rivers of Trinidad and Tobago.The abundance of predaceous fish is highly variable from the stream headwaters to the lowland rivers.This variation in the abundance of predaceous fish results in variation in male guppy _____________ from the stream headwaters to the lowland rivers.

Accepted Answer

A)  mate selection 
B)  coloration 
C)  food selection 
D)  both mate selection and coloration 
E)  both mate selection and food selection 
A)  mate selection 
B)  coloration 
C)  food selection 
D)  both mate selection and coloration 
E)  both mate selection and food selection

Question 9

There is a _________________ correlation with the amount of rainfall and the reproductive success of the African green woodhoopoes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There is a _________________ correlation with the...

Question 10

If a male scorpionfly (Panorpa latipennis)does not have a dead arthropod to present a potential mate as a nuptial offering,he can often substitute a _______________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a male scorpionfly (Panorpa latipennis)does not...

Question 11

Nonrandom mating,which suggests the potential for mate selection and sexual selection,is possible only for vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The difference between a male and a female rests largely on

Accepted Answer

A)  anatomical differences. 
B)  secondary sexual characteristics. 
C)  size and energetic cost of gametes. 
D)  presence or absence of a Y chromosome. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  anatomical differences. 
B)  secondary sexual characteristics. 
C)  size and energetic cost of gametes. 
D)  presence or absence of a Y chromosome. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 13

Thornhill's research on mate selection among scorpionflies (Panorpa latipennis)indicates that male ____________ translates into successful mating opportunities.

Accepted Answer

A)  body size 
B)  aggressiveness 
C)  nuptial offering 
D)  both body size and aggressiveness 
E)  both body size, aggressiveness, and nuptial offering 
A)  body size 
B)  aggressiveness 
C)  nuptial offering 
D)  both body size and aggressiveness 
E)  both body size, aggressiveness, and nuptial offering

Question 14

Research on eusociality suggests that the evolutionary driving force(s)to preserve this form of sociality is/are?

Accepted Answer

A)  kin selection 
B)  inclusive fitness 
C)  environmental adaptation 
D)  both kin selection and inclusive fitness 
E)  kin selection, inclusive fitness, and environmental adaptation 
A)  kin selection 
B)  inclusive fitness 
C)  environmental adaptation 
D)  both kin selection and inclusive fitness 
E)  kin selection, inclusive fitness, and environmental adaptation

Question 15

The African green woodhoopoes tend to show philopatry because of limited availability of quality breeding territories.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following terms cannot be used to describe the African green Woodhoopoes?

Accepted Answer

A)  inclusive fitness 
B)  monogamous 
C)  kin selection 
D)  philopatry 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  inclusive fitness 
B)  monogamous 
C)  kin selection 
D)  philopatry 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 17

The number of offspring contributed by an individual to future generations defines an organism's

Accepted Answer

A)  virility. 
B)  heritability. 
C)  fitness. 
D)  vigor. 
E)  sustainability. 
A)  virility. 
B)  heritability. 
C)  fitness. 
D)  vigor. 
E)  sustainability.

Question 18

Male guppies found in populations exposed to few predators are typically

Accepted Answer

A)  highly camouflaged. 
B)  the same color as guppies found with many predators. 
C)  seen mating with brightly colored females. 
D)  brightly colored. 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  highly camouflaged. 
B)  the same color as guppies found with many predators. 
C)  seen mating with brightly colored females. 
D)  brightly colored. 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 19

In many species,the females can reproduce by the process of parthenogenesis.Why do males persist in those species?

Accepted Answer

A)  defense 
B)  to increase the number of offspring produced 
C)  to assist in rearing of the offspring 
D)  to decrease the chance of infertility 
E)  to ensure genetic diversity 
A)  defense 
B)  to increase the number of offspring produced 
C)  to assist in rearing of the offspring 
D)  to decrease the chance of infertility 
E)  to ensure genetic diversity

Question 20

In comparing the leafcutter ant's (Atta sexdens)society and the naked mole rat's (Heterocephalus glaber)society,there are several similarities in their cooperative living situation.What is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  development of castes 
B)  one female 'queen' breeder per colony 
C)  all workers are non-breeding females 
D)  partitioned subterranean living quarters 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  development of castes 
B)  one female 'queen' breeder per colony 
C)  all workers are non-breeding females 
D)  partitioned subterranean living quarters 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Exam 8: Socail Relations

Some animals are born as hermaphrodites,but unlike hermaphroditic plants,which can successfully self-pollinate,animal hermaphrodites are sterile.

Adult green woodhoopoes will stay close to their natal territories and help raise the young of close relatives,rather than dispersing to produce their own young,because

Endler's research on the male guppy (Poecilia reticulate)color indicates that male colorfulness is determined by

Fitness is defined as the

Which of the following statements concerning lion cooperative living is false?

Intersexual competition generally involves dominance or contest competition,whereas intrasexual selection involves mate selection through secondary sexual competition.

When investigating haplodiploidy,all of the following statements were found to be true except:

There is a _________________ correlation with the amount of rainfall and the reproductive success of the African green woodhoopoes.

If a male scorpionfly (Panorpa latipennis)does not have a dead arthropod to present a potential mate as a nuptial offering,he can often substitute a _______________________.

Nonrandom mating,which suggests the potential for mate selection and sexual selection,is possible only for vertebrates.

The difference between a male and a female rests largely on

Thornhill's research on mate selection among scorpionflies (Panorpa latipennis)indicates that male ____________ translates into successful mating opportunities.

Research on eusociality suggests that the evolutionary driving force(s)to preserve this form of sociality is/are?

The African green woodhoopoes tend to show philopatry because of limited availability of quality breeding territories.

Which of the following terms cannot be used to describe the African green Woodhoopoes?

The number of offspring contributed by an individual to future generations defines an organism's

Male guppies found in populations exposed to few predators are typically

In many species,the females can reproduce by the process of parthenogenesis.Why do males persist in those species?

In comparing the leafcutter ant's (Atta sexdens)society and the naked mole rat's (Heterocephalus glaber)society,there are several similarities in their cooperative living situation.What is the exception?

Introduction to Ecology Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Competition

Exploitative Interactions Predation, herbivory, parasitism, and Disease

Mutualism

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Succession and Stability

Landscape Ecology

Geographic Ecology

Global Ecology

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