Question 1

All of the following conditions are included in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle except:

Accepted Answer

A)  no mutation. 
B)  large population size. 
C)  non-random mating. 
D)  no immigration. 
E)  genotypes of equal fitness. 
A)  no mutation. 
B)  large population size. 
C)  non-random mating. 
D)  no immigration. 
E)  genotypes of equal fitness. C

Question 2

Using microsatellite DNA,Douglas and Brunner concluded that populations of Coregonus found in the Alps were highly differentiated and should be managed as separate units.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Darwin is often considered the father of evolutionary thought.Which of the following terms is/are not part of Darwin's analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  gene frequencies 
B)  natural selection 
C)  adaptation 
D)  fitness 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  gene frequencies 
B)  natural selection 
C)  adaptation 
D)  fitness 
E)  None of the choices are correct. A

Question 4

What results could Clausen,Keck,and Hiesey have expected to see if alpine,mid-elevation,and lowland populations of sticky cinquefoil (Potentilla glandulosa)were not genetically different?

Accepted Answer

A)  mid-elevation plants grew best at mid-elevations 
B)  alpine plants produced more flowers at alpine elevations 
C)  lowland plants did not produce the most flowers at any elevation 
D)  lowland plants grew better than alpine plants at lowland elevations 
E)  all plants would grew equally well at all elevations 
A)  mid-elevation plants grew best at mid-elevations 
B)  alpine plants produced more flowers at alpine elevations 
C)  lowland plants did not produce the most flowers at any elevation 
D)  lowland plants grew better than alpine plants at lowland elevations 
E)  all plants would grew equally well at all elevations

Question 5

For a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium,in a situation where there are only two alleles at a particular locus,the proportions of genotypes are: SS = 0.64,Ss = 0.32,and ss = 0.04.Calculate the allele frequency for the recessive allele.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.04 
B)  0.2 
C)  0.32 
D)  0.64 
E)  0.8 
A)  0.04 
B)  0.2 
C)  0.32 
D)  0.64 
E)  0.8

Question 6

Evolution can be defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  a process which favors the average phenotype within a population. 
B)  a process that increases the average size of individuals within a population. 
C)  a process of eliminating "bad" traits within a population. 
D)  a change in gene frequencies in a population. 
E)  the extent to which phenotypic variation is due to genetic variation. 
A)  a process which favors the average phenotype within a population. 
B)  a process that increases the average size of individuals within a population. 
C)  a process of eliminating "bad" traits within a population. 
D)  a change in gene frequencies in a population. 
E)  the extent to which phenotypic variation is due to genetic variation.

Question 7

Research conducted on the Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia)can be summarized in all of the following statements except:

Accepted Answer

A)  inbreeding can contribute to local extinctions. 
B)  smaller meadows can contribute to local extinction. 
C)  a decrease in heterozygosity can contribute to local extinctions. 
D)  increase in predation can contribute to local extinctions. 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  inbreeding can contribute to local extinctions. 
B)  smaller meadows can contribute to local extinction. 
C)  a decrease in heterozygosity can contribute to local extinctions. 
D)  increase in predation can contribute to local extinctions. 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 8

In a population of birds,the average beak size is selected against and the large and small sized beaks are selected for.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection. 
B)  disruptive selection. 
C)  stabilizing selection. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  balanced polymorphism. 
A)  directional selection. 
B)  disruptive selection. 
C)  stabilizing selection. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  balanced polymorphism.

Question 9

Over time,average phenotypes become less common and the population becomes phenotypically more diverse as a result of _____________ selection.

Accepted Answer

A)  bimodal 
B)  directional 
C)  disruptive 
D)  stabilizing 
E)  disjointed 
A)  bimodal 
B)  directional 
C)  disruptive 
D)  stabilizing 
E)  disjointed

Question 10

In a population of lizards,the average and long length tails are selected against and the short tails are selected for.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection. 
B)  disruptive selection. 
C)  stabilizing selection. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  balanced polymorphism. 
A)  directional selection. 
B)  disruptive selection. 
C)  stabilizing selection. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  balanced polymorphism.

Question 11

Evolution results from

Accepted Answer

A)  mutations. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  genetic drift. 
D)  gene flow. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  mutations. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  genetic drift. 
D)  gene flow. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 12

Within a population,if the average is selected for and the two opposing extremes are selected against,this is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection. 
B)  disruptive selection. 
C)  stabilizing selection. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  balanced polymorphism. 
A)  directional selection. 
B)  disruptive selection. 
C)  stabilizing selection. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  balanced polymorphism.

Question 13

Vila-Aiub and colleagues found that populations of the weed Sorghum halepense that have been persistently exposed to the herbicide,glyphosate,were not resistant to its effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The alternate form of a gene is called a(n)_________________________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The alternate form of a gene is...

Question 15

Egg size in Ural owls is highly heritable and is currently undergoing stabilizing selection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The combination of genetics and environmental pressures can cause variations in phenotypes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A recent study of the finch
G. fortis on Santa Cruz Island showed that directional selection has resulted in larger beak size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that

Accepted Answer

A)  genotypic changes will result in phenotypic changes. 
B)  phenotypic changes will result in genotypic changes. 
C)  allelic frequencies within a population will not change unless certain conditions are met. 
D)  allelic frequencies within a population will change unless certain conditions are met. 
E)  None of the choices are correct. 
A)  genotypic changes will result in phenotypic changes. 
B)  phenotypic changes will result in genotypic changes. 
C)  allelic frequencies within a population will not change unless certain conditions are met. 
D)  allelic frequencies within a population will change unless certain conditions are met. 
E)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 19

Ecotypes are local populations within a species that are genetically and phenotypically distinct due in part to local environmental adaptation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is not part of Darwin's theory of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Offspring are like their parents. 
B)  There is variation between individuals within a species. 
C)  Fewer offspring are produced each generation than can be supported by the environment. 
D)  Some individuals have a higher chance of surviving and reproducing than others in the same population. 
E)  Heritable characteristics can be passed from parent to offspring. 
A)  Offspring are like their parents. 
B)  There is variation between individuals within a species. 
C)  Fewer offspring are produced each generation than can be supported by the environment. 
D)  Some individuals have a higher chance of surviving and reproducing than others in the same population. 
E)  Heritable characteristics can be passed from parent to offspring.

Exam 4: Population Genetics and Natural Selection

All of the following conditions are included in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle except:

Using microsatellite DNA,Douglas and Brunner concluded that populations of Coregonus found in the Alps were highly differentiated and should be managed as separate units.

Darwin is often considered the father of evolutionary thought.Which of the following terms is/are not part of Darwin's analysis?

What results could Clausen,Keck,and Hiesey have expected to see if alpine,mid-elevation,and lowland populations of sticky cinquefoil (Potentilla glandulosa)were not genetically different?

For a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium,in a situation where there are only two alleles at a particular locus,the proportions of genotypes are: SS = 0.64,Ss = 0.32,and ss = 0.04.Calculate the allele frequency for the recessive allele.

Evolution can be defined as

Research conducted on the Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia)can be summarized in all of the following statements except:

In a population of birds,the average beak size is selected against and the large and small sized beaks are selected for.This is an example of

Over time,average phenotypes become less common and the population becomes phenotypically more diverse as a result of _____________ selection.

In a population of lizards,the average and long length tails are selected against and the short tails are selected for.This is an example of

Evolution results from

Within a population,if the average is selected for and the two opposing extremes are selected against,this is an example of

Vila-Aiub and colleagues found that populations of the weed Sorghum halepense that have been persistently exposed to the herbicide,glyphosate,were not resistant to its effects.

The alternate form of a gene is called a(n)_________________________________.

Egg size in Ural owls is highly heritable and is currently undergoing stabilizing selection.

The combination of genetics and environmental pressures can cause variations in phenotypes.

A recent study of the finch G. fortis on Santa Cruz Island showed that directional selection has resulted in larger beak size.

The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that

Ecotypes are local populations within a species that are genetically and phenotypically distinct due in part to local environmental adaptation.

Which of the following is not part of Darwin's theory of natural selection?

Introduction to Ecology Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Socail Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Competition

Exploitative Interactions Predation, herbivory, parasitism, and Disease

Mutualism

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Succession and Stability

Landscape Ecology

Geographic Ecology

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