Exam 14: Analysis of Variance

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TV News Viewing Habits A statistician employed by a television rating service wanted to determine if there were differences in television viewing habits among three different cities in New York.She took a random sample of five adults in each of the cities and asked each to report the number of hours spent watching television in the previous week.The results are shown below. (Assume normal distributions with equal variances.) TV News Viewing Habits  A statistician employed by a television rating service wanted to determine if there were differences in television viewing habits among three different cities in New York.She took a random sample of five adults in each of the cities and asked each to report the number of hours spent watching television in the previous week.The results are shown below. (Assume normal distributions with equal variances.)   ​ ​ -{TV News Viewing Habits Narrative} Can she infer at the 5% significance level that differences in hours of television watching exist among the three cities? ​ ​ -{TV News Viewing Habits Narrative} Can she infer at the 5% significance level that differences in hours of television watching exist among the three cities?

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To test for interaction between factors A and B in a two-factor ANOVA,you use the F statistic that equals ____________________ divided by ____________________.

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The sum of squares for treatments (SST)is the variation attributed to the differences between the treatment means,while the sum of squares for error (SSE)measures the within-treatment variation.

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Health Inspectors' Ages In order to examine the differences in ages of health inspectors among five counties,a Health Department statistician took random samples of six inspectors' ages in each county.The data are listed below.An F-test using ANOVA showed that average age differs for at least two counties.  Health Inspectors' Ages  In order to examine the differences in ages of health inspectors among five counties,a Health Department statistician took random samples of six inspectors' ages in each county.The data are listed below.An F-test using ANOVA showed that average age differs for at least two counties.   ​ ​ -{Health Inspectors' Ages Narrative} Use Fisher's LSD procedure with α = .05 to determine which population means differ. ​ ​ -{Health Inspectors' Ages Narrative} Use Fisher's LSD procedure with α = .05 to determine which population means differ.

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The analysis of variance (ANOVA)technique analyzes the variance of the data to determine whether differences exist between the population means.

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Keyboard Configuration and Size The data shown below were taken from a 2 × 3 factorial experiment to examine the effects of factor A (keyboard configuration,3 levels)and factor B (keyboard size,2 levels)on typing speed.Each cell consists of the times needed for each of 4 randomly assigned keyboardists to type a standard document under each set of conditions (in minutes).  Keyboard Configuration and Size  The data shown below were taken from a 2 × 3 factorial experiment to examine the effects of factor A (keyboard configuration,3 levels)and factor B (keyboard size,2 levels)on typing speed.Each cell consists of the times needed for each of 4 randomly assigned keyboardists to type a standard document under each set of conditions (in minutes).   ​ ​ -{Keyboard Configuration and Size Narrative} a.Create the ANOVA table. b.Is there sufficient evidence at the 5% significance level to infer that factors A and B interact? ​ ​ -{Keyboard Configuration and Size Narrative} a.Create the ANOVA table. b.Is there sufficient evidence at the 5% significance level to infer that factors A and B interact?

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If SST explains a significant portion of the total variation,we conclude that the population means ____________________ (do/do not)differ.

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Multiple comparison methods are used after it is found that H0 from ANOVA has been ____________________.

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If we square the t-statistic for two means,the result is the ____________________-statistic.

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The required conditions for a two-factor ANOVA are that the distribution of the response is ____________________ distributed; the variance for each treatment is ____________________; and the samples are ____________________.

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When the F-test is used for ANOVA,the rejection region is always in the right tail.

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Multiple comparison methods are used to determine whether or not any differences occur amongst a group of population means.

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When the effect of a level for one factor depends on which level of another factor is present,the most appropriate ANOVA design to use in this situation is the:

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When is the Tukey multiple comparison method used?

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The F-test in ANOVA tests whether or not the population variances are equal.

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Sub Sandwich Customers The marketing manager of a Sub Shop chain is in the process of examining some of the demographic characteristics of her customers.In particular,she would like to investigate the belief that the ages of the customers of Sub Shops,hamburger emporiums,and fast-food chicken restaurants are different.The ages of eight randomly selected customers of each of the restaurants are recorded and listed below.From previous analyses we know that the ages are normally distributed with equal variances for each group. Sub Sandwich Customers  The marketing manager of a Sub Shop chain is in the process of examining some of the demographic characteristics of her customers.In particular,she would like to investigate the belief that the ages of the customers of Sub Shops,hamburger emporiums,and fast-food chicken restaurants are different.The ages of eight randomly selected customers of each of the restaurants are recorded and listed below.From previous analyses we know that the ages are normally distributed with equal variances for each group.   ​ ​ -{Sub Sandwich Customers Narrative} Do these data provide enough evidence at the 5% significance level to infer that there are differences in ages among the customers of the three restaurants? ​ ​ -{Sub Sandwich Customers Narrative} Do these data provide enough evidence at the 5% significance level to infer that there are differences in ages among the customers of the three restaurants?

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Health Inspectors' Ages In order to examine the differences in ages of health inspectors among five counties,a Health Department statistician took random samples of six inspectors' ages in each county.The data are listed below.An F-test using ANOVA showed that average age differs for at least two counties.  Health Inspectors' Ages  In order to examine the differences in ages of health inspectors among five counties,a Health Department statistician took random samples of six inspectors' ages in each county.The data are listed below.An F-test using ANOVA showed that average age differs for at least two counties.   ​ ​ -{Health Inspectors' Ages Narrative} Did Tukey's method and Fisher's LSD method in the previous two questions yield the same results? Will this always be the case? ​ ​ -{Health Inspectors' Ages Narrative} Did Tukey's method and Fisher's LSD method in the previous two questions yield the same results? Will this always be the case?

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The test statistic of the single-factor ANOVA equals:

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Which of the following statements about multiple comparison methods is false?

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Which of the following statements is true?

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