Question 1

When the dorsal root of a spinal nerve is cut

Accepted Answer

A) death immediately occurs. 
B) incoming sensory nerve impulses are lost. 
C) outgoing motor nerve impulses are lost. 
D) impulses do not cross over to the other side of the body. 
A) death immediately occurs. 
B) incoming sensory nerve impulses are lost. 
C) outgoing motor nerve impulses are lost. 
D) impulses do not cross over to the other side of the body. B

Question 2

Starting with the simplest and moving towards more complex,what is the correct evolutionary sequence of animals in regards to the complexity of their nervous systems?

Accepted Answer

A) sponges - hydras - planarians - annelids - molluscs - fish 
B) sponges - planarians - hydras - annelids - molluscs - fish 
C) hydras - sponges - planarians - annelids - molluscs - fish 
D) sponges - hydras - planarians - molluscs - annelids - fish 
E) annelids - sponges - hydras - planarians - molluscs - fish 
A) sponges - hydras - planarians - annelids - molluscs - fish 
B) sponges - planarians - hydras - annelids - molluscs - fish 
C) hydras - sponges - planarians - annelids - molluscs - fish 
D) sponges - hydras - planarians - molluscs - annelids - fish 
E) annelids - sponges - hydras - planarians - molluscs - fish A

Question 3

Neurotransmitters are molecules that cross the synaptic cleft and

Accepted Answer

A) always inhibit the postsynaptic neuron. 
B) always excite the postsynaptic neuron. 
C) either excite or inhibit the postsynaptic neuron. 
D) integrate the pre-synaptic action potential. 
E) None of the above. 
A) always inhibit the postsynaptic neuron. 
B) always excite the postsynaptic neuron. 
C) either excite or inhibit the postsynaptic neuron. 
D) integrate the pre-synaptic action potential. 
E) None of the above. C

Question 4

The connection space between the dendrite of one cell and the axon of another cell is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) synapse. 
B) neurotransmitter. 
C) axonic connection. 
D) threshold. 
A) synapse. 
B) neurotransmitter. 
C) axonic connection. 
D) threshold.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about axonal membranes is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) The resting potential of a typical neuron is -65 mV. 
B) There is an electrical potential difference across a neuron's membrane. 
C) The polarity correlates with a difference in ion distribution across the membrane. 
D) At rest,there is a higher concentration of sodium ions inside the axon. 
E) The sodium-potassium pump establishes a concentration gradient across the membrane. 
A) The resting potential of a typical neuron is -65 mV. 
B) There is an electrical potential difference across a neuron's membrane. 
C) The polarity correlates with a difference in ion distribution across the membrane. 
D) At rest,there is a higher concentration of sodium ions inside the axon. 
E) The sodium-potassium pump establishes a concentration gradient across the membrane.

Question 6

What statement is NOT true about the human nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A) The somatic nervous system controls skeletal muscles. 
B) The somatic nervous system is further divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. 
C) The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. 
D) The somatic nervous system is part of the peripheral nervous system. 
E) The autonomic nervous system controls glands and smooth muscles of the viscera. 
A) The somatic nervous system controls skeletal muscles. 
B) The somatic nervous system is further divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. 
C) The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. 
D) The somatic nervous system is part of the peripheral nervous system. 
E) The autonomic nervous system controls glands and smooth muscles of the viscera.

Question 7

The enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine within the synaptic cleft is

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholinesterase. 
B) monoamine oxidase. 
C) GABA. 
D) lipase. 
E) maltase. 
A) acetylcholinesterase. 
B) monoamine oxidase. 
C) GABA. 
D) lipase. 
E) maltase.

Question 8

At rest,the inside of the neuron is

Accepted Answer

A) negatively charged. 
B) positively charged. 
C) neutral,or equal to the exterior charge. 
D) None of the choices are correct,since neurons are never at rest. 
A) negatively charged. 
B) positively charged. 
C) neutral,or equal to the exterior charge. 
D) None of the choices are correct,since neurons are never at rest.

Question 9

Which of the following associations between structure and function is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A) axons - conduct signals away from the cell body 
B) sensory neuron - take nerve impulses from the CNS to muscles or glands 
C) cell body - contains nucleus and organelles 
D) dendrites - receive signals and transmit them to the cell body 
E) interneuron - convey nerve impulses between various parts of the CNS 
A) axons - conduct signals away from the cell body 
B) sensory neuron - take nerve impulses from the CNS to muscles or glands 
C) cell body - contains nucleus and organelles 
D) dendrites - receive signals and transmit them to the cell body 
E) interneuron - convey nerve impulses between various parts of the CNS

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the cerebrum is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) It is the largest part of the human brain. 
B) The gray matter is outermost. 
C) The right hemisphere is associated with analytical reasoning and the left hemisphere is associated with artistic and musical ability. 
D) The two cerebral hemispheres are connected by the corpus callosum. 
E) The cerebrum coordinates the activities of the other parts of the brain. 
A) It is the largest part of the human brain. 
B) The gray matter is outermost. 
C) The right hemisphere is associated with analytical reasoning and the left hemisphere is associated with artistic and musical ability. 
D) The two cerebral hemispheres are connected by the corpus callosum. 
E) The cerebrum coordinates the activities of the other parts of the brain.

Question 11

Action potentials travel down nonmyelinated axons at _____ action potentials travel down myelinated axons.

Accepted Answer

A) slower speeds than 
B) faster speeds than 
C) the same speed 
D) variable speeds,sometimes faster and sometimes slower than 
A) slower speeds than 
B) faster speeds than 
C) the same speed 
D) variable speeds,sometimes faster and sometimes slower than

Question 12

What unique structural adaptations are found in the mammalian brain that allowed mammals to become adept at higher mental activities?

Accepted Answer

A) A higher degree of crevasses and folds in the neocortex that increases the surface area of the brain. 
B) An increased number of blood vessels that increases the vascularization of the brain. 
C) An enlarged pons. 
D) A cranium that will protect the brain from damage. 
E) A more direct connection to the spinal cord for faster conduction of neural impulses. 
A) A higher degree of crevasses and folds in the neocortex that increases the surface area of the brain. 
B) An increased number of blood vessels that increases the vascularization of the brain. 
C) An enlarged pons. 
D) A cranium that will protect the brain from damage. 
E) A more direct connection to the spinal cord for faster conduction of neural impulses.

Question 13

The ascending tracts of the spinal cord are responsible sensory and motor functions of the peripheral nervous system that control the skeletal muscles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Identify what happens when the doctor hits your knee cap with the rubber hammer during your annual physical.

Accepted Answer

A) The stimulus travels down the axon of your sensory neuron,through the dorsal root ganglion,is transmitted through the dendrites of the sensory neuron to the interneuron.From here it enters the cell body of the motor neuron and travels down the ventral root axon of the motor neuron to stimulate the effector. 
B) The stimulus travels down the axon of your sensory neuron,through the ventral root ganglion,is transmitted through the dendrites of the sensory neuron to the interneuron.From here it enters the cell body of the motor neuron and travels down the dorsal root axon of the motor neuron to stimulate the effector. 
C) The stimulus travels down the axon of your motor neuron,through the dorsal root ganglion,is transmitted through the dendrites of the sensory neuron to the interneuron.From here it enters the cell body of the motor neuron and travels down the ventral root axon of the sensory neuron to stimulate the effector. 
D) The stimulus travels down the axon of your sensory neuron,through the dorsal root ganglion,is transmitted through the dendrites of the sensory neuron to the interneuron.From here it enters the cell body of the motor neuron and travels down the ventral root axon of the motor neuron to stimulate the receptor. 
E) The stimulus travels down the dendrite of your sensory neuron,through the dorsal root ganglion,is transmitted through the axons of the sensory neuron to the interneuron.From here it enters the cell body of the motor neuron and travels down the ventral root axon of the motor neuron to stimulate the effector. 
A) The stimulus travels down the axon of your sensory neuron,through the dorsal root ganglion,is transmitted through the dendrites of the sensory neuron to the interneuron.From here it enters the cell body of the motor neuron and travels down the ventral root axon of the motor neuron to stimulate the effector. 
B) The stimulus travels down the axon of your sensory neuron,through the ventral root ganglion,is transmitted through the dendrites of the sensory neuron to the interneuron.From here it enters the cell body of the motor neuron and travels down the dorsal root axon of the motor neuron to stimulate the effector. 
C) The stimulus travels down the axon of your motor neuron,through the dorsal root ganglion,is transmitted through the dendrites of the sensory neuron to the interneuron.From here it enters the cell body of the motor neuron and travels down the ventral root axon of the sensory neuron to stimulate the effector. 
D) The stimulus travels down the axon of your sensory neuron,through the dorsal root ganglion,is transmitted through the dendrites of the sensory neuron to the interneuron.From here it enters the cell body of the motor neuron and travels down the ventral root axon of the motor neuron to stimulate the receptor. 
E) The stimulus travels down the dendrite of your sensory neuron,through the dorsal root ganglion,is transmitted through the axons of the sensory neuron to the interneuron.From here it enters the cell body of the motor neuron and travels down the ventral root axon of the motor neuron to stimulate the effector.

Question 15

What portion of the brain provides reasoning to keep us from acting out strong feelings?

Accepted Answer

A) brain stem 
B) pineal gland 
C) reticular activating system 
D) limbic system 
A) brain stem 
B) pineal gland 
C) reticular activating system 
D) limbic system

Question 16

When you are studying with the TV on,which part of the brain filters out unnecessary sensory stimuli so that you can focus on your studies?

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus 
B) cerebellum 
C) reticular activating system 
D) limbic system 
E) basal nuclei 
A) hypothalamus 
B) cerebellum 
C) reticular activating system 
D) limbic system 
E) basal nuclei

Question 17

There are two major groups of nervous system drugs.Drugs in one group retard heartbeat,promote digestion,contract the eye pupil,etc.The other drugs have the opposite effect.These drugs are affecting the

Accepted Answer

A) motor and sensory nerves. 
B) sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. 
C) central and peripheral nervous systems. 
D) neurostimulatory and neuroinhibitory synapses. 
E) cerebrum and cerebellum,respectively. 
A) motor and sensory nerves. 
B) sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. 
C) central and peripheral nervous systems. 
D) neurostimulatory and neuroinhibitory synapses. 
E) cerebrum and cerebellum,respectively.

Question 18

An animal with a brain and a single ventral solid nerve cord is the

Accepted Answer

A) earthworm. 
B) cat. 
C) hydra. 
D) octopus. 
E) planarian. 
A) earthworm. 
B) cat. 
C) hydra. 
D) octopus. 
E) planarian.

Question 19

At a synapse,

Accepted Answer

A) synaptic vesicles fuse with the postsynaptic membrane. 
B) synaptic vesicles fuse with the pre-synaptic membrane. 
C) neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft. 
D) neurotransmitters are actively transported across the synaptic cleft. 
E) synaptic vesicles fuse with the pre-synaptic membrane and neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft. 
A) synaptic vesicles fuse with the postsynaptic membrane. 
B) synaptic vesicles fuse with the pre-synaptic membrane. 
C) neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft. 
D) neurotransmitters are actively transported across the synaptic cleft. 
E) synaptic vesicles fuse with the pre-synaptic membrane and neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about an action potential is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Repolarization occurs when potassium leaves the axon. 
B) There is a rapid change in polarity from about -65 mV to about +40 mV during depolarization. 
C) An action potential takes 2 to 5 seconds. 
D) Depolarization occurs when sodium gates open and allow sodium ions to enter the axon. 
E) Potassium gates open after the sodium gates and allow potassium ions to leave the cell. 
A) Repolarization occurs when potassium leaves the axon. 
B) There is a rapid change in polarity from about -65 mV to about +40 mV during depolarization. 
C) An action potential takes 2 to 5 seconds. 
D) Depolarization occurs when sodium gates open and allow sodium ions to enter the axon. 
E) Potassium gates open after the sodium gates and allow potassium ions to leave the cell.

Exam 37: Neurons and Nervous Systems

When the dorsal root of a spinal nerve is cut

Starting with the simplest and moving towards more complex,what is the correct evolutionary sequence of animals in regards to the complexity of their nervous systems?

Neurotransmitters are molecules that cross the synaptic cleft and

The connection space between the dendrite of one cell and the axon of another cell is called a(n)

Which of the following statements about axonal membranes is NOT true?

What statement is NOT true about the human nervous system?

The enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine within the synaptic cleft is

At rest,the inside of the neuron is

Which of the following associations between structure and function is NOT correct?

Which of the following statements about the cerebrum is NOT true?

Action potentials travel down nonmyelinated axons at _____ action potentials travel down myelinated axons.

What unique structural adaptations are found in the mammalian brain that allowed mammals to become adept at higher mental activities?

The ascending tracts of the spinal cord are responsible sensory and motor functions of the peripheral nervous system that control the skeletal muscles.

Identify what happens when the doctor hits your knee cap with the rubber hammer during your annual physical.

What portion of the brain provides reasoning to keep us from acting out strong feelings?

When you are studying with the TV on,which part of the brain filters out unnecessary sensory stimuli so that you can focus on your studies?

There are two major groups of nervous system drugs.Drugs in one group retard heartbeat,promote digestion,contract the eye pupil,etc.The other drugs have the opposite effect.These drugs are affecting the

An animal with a brain and a single ventral solid nerve cord is the

At a synapse,

Which of the following statements about an action potential is NOT true?

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