Question 1

Point mutations

Accepted Answer

A) are due to a change in one DNA nucleotide. 
B) may change a specific codon. 
C) can cause a genetic disease such as sickle cell disease that is due to a base change that codes for valine rather than glutamate. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) are due to a change in one DNA nucleotide. 
B) may change a specific codon. 
C) can cause a genetic disease such as sickle cell disease that is due to a base change that codes for valine rather than glutamate. 
D) All of the choices are correct. D

Question 2

In transcriptional control in eukaryotic cells

Accepted Answer

A) a different combination of DNA binding proteins (transcriptional factors)may regulate the activity of a particular gene. 
B) enhancers may be involved in the promotion as well as regulation of gene transcription. 
C) the control may be due to the phosphorylation of transcriptional factors by a kinase. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) Only two of the choices are correct. 
A) a different combination of DNA binding proteins (transcriptional factors)may regulate the activity of a particular gene. 
B) enhancers may be involved in the promotion as well as regulation of gene transcription. 
C) the control may be due to the phosphorylation of transcriptional factors by a kinase. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) Only two of the choices are correct. D

Question 3

The regulator gene codes for the DNA-binding proteins that act as repressors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which of the following problems can arise during posttransriptional control?

Accepted Answer

A) Differential splicing of exons that can lead to an altered gene expression. 
B) Not excising all of introns from the pre-mRNA strand,leaving fragments to be joined with the exons. 
C) Excising an exon from the pre-mRNA strand. 
D) All of these are errors that can occur during posttranscriptional control of gene expression. 
A) Differential splicing of exons that can lead to an altered gene expression. 
B) Not excising all of introns from the pre-mRNA strand,leaving fragments to be joined with the exons. 
C) Excising an exon from the pre-mRNA strand. 
D) All of these are errors that can occur during posttranscriptional control of gene expression.

Question 5

"Jumping genes" that have the ability to move within and between chromosomes are called

Accepted Answer

A) introns. 
B) oncogenes. 
C) transposons. 
D) retroviruses. 
E) exons. 
A) introns. 
B) oncogenes. 
C) transposons. 
D) retroviruses. 
E) exons.

Question 6

A form of gene regulation that occurs while RNA is still in the nucleus is

Accepted Answer

A) differential intron removal and splicing. 
B) feedback control. 
C) enzymatic cleavage of a polypeptide. 
D) rate of binding to ribosomes. . 
A) differential intron removal and splicing. 
B) feedback control. 
C) enzymatic cleavage of a polypeptide. 
D) rate of binding to ribosomes. .

Question 7

The mRNA strand includes both introns and exons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

If CAP is absent from a cell what are the potential consequences?

Accepted Answer

A) The individual cannot activate the catabolism of various other metabolites in the absence of glucose. 
B) The individual does not have a backup system for survival when glucose is absent. 
C) The individual will most likely die because they cannot metabolize enough energy if glucose is absent. 
D) All of these are consequences of the absence of CAP. 
A) The individual cannot activate the catabolism of various other metabolites in the absence of glucose. 
B) The individual does not have a backup system for survival when glucose is absent. 
C) The individual will most likely die because they cannot metabolize enough energy if glucose is absent. 
D) All of these are consequences of the absence of CAP.

Question 9

Germ-line mutations

Accepted Answer

A) occur in sex cells. 
B) can be passed to subsequent generations. 
C) may range from having no effect to completely inactivating protein activity. 
D) All of the above are true about germ line mutations. 
E) Only two of the above are true. 
A) occur in sex cells. 
B) can be passed to subsequent generations. 
C) may range from having no effect to completely inactivating protein activity. 
D) All of the above are true about germ line mutations. 
E) Only two of the above are true.

Question 10

_________ is the level of genetic control that involves the processing of early RNA transcripts to mRNA and the rate at which mRNA leaves the nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A) Feedback control 
B) Translational control 
C) Transcriptional control 
D) Posttranscriptional control 
E) Posttranslational control 
A) Feedback control 
B) Translational control 
C) Transcriptional control 
D) Posttranscriptional control 
E) Posttranslational control

Question 11

Which of the following is a method of posttranscriptional control?

Accepted Answer

A) transcription factors 
B) the life span of a mRNA molecule 
C) differential processing of mRNA 
D) how fast the mRNA leaves the nucleus 
E) Both C and D are methods of posttranscriptional control. 
A) transcription factors 
B) the life span of a mRNA molecule 
C) differential processing of mRNA 
D) how fast the mRNA leaves the nucleus 
E) Both C and D are methods of posttranscriptional control.

Question 12

In the lac operon,if lactose is present,which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

A) Lactose binds to the repressor,changing its shape so that it can bind to the operator and the structural genes are not expressed. 
B) Lactose bind to RNA polymerase,which then binds to the promoter and transcribes the needed genes. 
C) Lactose binds to the repressor,changing its shape so that it does not bind to the operator.RNA polymerase then transcribes the needed genes. 
D) Lactose binds to the operon,which attracts RNA polymerase,then transcription of the needed genes occurs. 
A) Lactose binds to the repressor,changing its shape so that it can bind to the operator and the structural genes are not expressed. 
B) Lactose bind to RNA polymerase,which then binds to the promoter and transcribes the needed genes. 
C) Lactose binds to the repressor,changing its shape so that it does not bind to the operator.RNA polymerase then transcribes the needed genes. 
D) Lactose binds to the operon,which attracts RNA polymerase,then transcription of the needed genes occurs.

Question 13

All genes are active at the same time in a prokaryotic cell and controlled by positive regulation,but not in a eukaryotic cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Thymine dimers

Accepted Answer

A) form when DNA is exposed to carcinogens such as tobacco smoke. 
B) are rarely removed by DNA repair enzymes. 
C) form when DNA is exposed to UV radiation. 
D) result in abnormal protein structure which causes red blood cells to sickle. 
A) form when DNA is exposed to carcinogens such as tobacco smoke. 
B) are rarely removed by DNA repair enzymes. 
C) form when DNA is exposed to UV radiation. 
D) result in abnormal protein structure which causes red blood cells to sickle.

Question 15

Which statement is NOT correct about the trp operon?

Accepted Answer

A) The structural genes make products that are part of an anabolic pathway for the synthesis of tryptophan. 
B) It is normally turned off if tryptophan is present. 
C) Tryptophan acts as the corepressor. 
D) The regulator gene product is inactive by itself. 
E) Tryptophan binds to the repressor protein and inactivates it. 
A) The structural genes make products that are part of an anabolic pathway for the synthesis of tryptophan. 
B) It is normally turned off if tryptophan is present. 
C) Tryptophan acts as the corepressor. 
D) The regulator gene product is inactive by itself. 
E) Tryptophan binds to the repressor protein and inactivates it.

Question 16

Identify the major tumor suppressor gene that is more frequently mutated in human cancers than any other known gene.

Accepted Answer

A) p53 gene 
B) hemoglobin gene 
C) ras oncogene 
D) p16 
E) RB tumor-repressor gene 
A) p53 gene 
B) hemoglobin gene 
C) ras oncogene 
D) p16 
E) RB tumor-repressor gene

Question 17

Once proteins are made and functional,they are no longer subject to cellular control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Androgen insensitivity is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A) a lack of male hormones,such as testosterone. 
B) external female genitalia. 
C) a female karyotype. 
D) the internal sex organs of a female and may bear children. 
A) a lack of male hormones,such as testosterone. 
B) external female genitalia. 
C) a female karyotype. 
D) the internal sex organs of a female and may bear children.

Question 19

A change in a regulatory gene

Accepted Answer

A) must be dominant to be effective. 
B) is what happens in the production of sickle cell hemoglobin. 
C) is always beneficial to the organism in which it occurs. 
D) can increase or decrease the expression of a structural gene. 
A) must be dominant to be effective. 
B) is what happens in the production of sickle cell hemoglobin. 
C) is always beneficial to the organism in which it occurs. 
D) can increase or decrease the expression of a structural gene.

Question 20

The DNA of a _______ is wrapped around histone molecules to form a "beaded string."

Accepted Answer

A) prokaryote 
B) eukaryote 
C) bacterium 
D) All of the above. 
A) prokaryote 
B) eukaryote 
C) bacterium 
D) All of the above.

Exam 13: Regulation of Gene Expression

Point mutations

In transcriptional control in eukaryotic cells

The regulator gene codes for the DNA-binding proteins that act as repressors.

Which of the following problems can arise during posttransriptional control?

"Jumping genes" that have the ability to move within and between chromosomes are called

A form of gene regulation that occurs while RNA is still in the nucleus is

The mRNA strand includes both introns and exons.

If CAP is absent from a cell what are the potential consequences?

Germ-line mutations

_________ is the level of genetic control that involves the processing of early RNA transcripts to mRNA and the rate at which mRNA leaves the nucleus.

Which of the following is a method of posttranscriptional control?

In the lac operon,if lactose is present,which of the following occurs?

All genes are active at the same time in a prokaryotic cell and controlled by positive regulation,but not in a eukaryotic cell.

Thymine dimers

Which statement is NOT correct about the trp operon?

Identify the major tumor suppressor gene that is more frequently mutated in human cancers than any other known gene.

Once proteins are made and functional,they are no longer subject to cellular control.

Androgen insensitivity is characterized by

A change in a regulatory gene

The DNA of a _______ is wrapped around histone molecules to form a "beaded string."

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