Question 1

Since each child of two heterozygous parents has a 50% chance of receiving a recessive trait from each parent,

Accepted Answer

A) if the first child is phenotypically recessive,then the next child must be phenotypically dominant. 
B) if the first child is phenotypically recessive,then the next child has a 3/4 chance of being phenotypically recessive. 
C) if the first child is phenotypically recessive,then the next child has a 1/2 chance of being phenotypically recessive. 
D) no matter what the first child's phenotype,the next child will have a 1/4 chance of being phenotypically recessive. 
A) if the first child is phenotypically recessive,then the next child must be phenotypically dominant. 
B) if the first child is phenotypically recessive,then the next child has a 3/4 chance of being phenotypically recessive. 
C) if the first child is phenotypically recessive,then the next child has a 1/2 chance of being phenotypically recessive. 
D) no matter what the first child's phenotype,the next child will have a 1/4 chance of being phenotypically recessive. D

Question 2

Which allele combination represents a homozygous dominant individual?

Accepted Answer

A) AA 
B) Aa 
C) aa 
D) none of these are homozygous dominant individuals 
A) AA 
B) Aa 
C) aa 
D) none of these are homozygous dominant individuals A

Question 3

When a round fruit plant is crossed with a long fruit plant their offspring are oval.What is the best explanation for this scenario?

Accepted Answer

A) pleiotropic inheritance 
B) polygenic inheritance 
C) incomplete dominance 
D) X-linked inheritance 
A) pleiotropic inheritance 
B) polygenic inheritance 
C) incomplete dominance 
D) X-linked inheritance C

Question 4

The ability to roll the edges of the tongue upward in a U-shape has been considered to be an inherited ability.The standard assumption is that tongue-rolling is a dominant allele at a single gene locus.Which of the following would cast doubt on this assumption?

Accepted Answer

A) A teacher reports that after testing her class on the ability to roll their tongue,with very little effort the non-tongue-rollers can learn to also roll their tongues. 
B) A student who can roll his tongue has a mother and father,both of whom cannot. 
C) A student who cannot roll his tongue has a mother and father,both of whom can. 
D) Two of the above are situations that would cast doubt on this assumption. 
A) A teacher reports that after testing her class on the ability to roll their tongue,with very little effort the non-tongue-rollers can learn to also roll their tongues. 
B) A student who can roll his tongue has a mother and father,both of whom cannot. 
C) A student who cannot roll his tongue has a mother and father,both of whom can. 
D) Two of the above are situations that would cast doubt on this assumption.

Question 5

The F2 offspring of a classic Mendelian monohybrid cross between homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive parents would produce the genotype(s)

Accepted Answer

A) AA and Aa. 
B) Aa and aa. 
C) AA,Aa,and aa. 
D) AA only. 
E) Aa only. 
A) AA and Aa. 
B) Aa and aa. 
C) AA,Aa,and aa. 
D) AA only. 
E) Aa only.

Question 6

Some plants fail to produce chlorophyll,and this trait appears to be recessive.Many plants also self-pollinate.If we locate a pea plant that is heterozygous for this trait,self-pollinate it and harvest seeds,what are the likely phenotypes of these seeds when they germinate?

Accepted Answer

A) All will be green with chlorophyll since that is the dominant trait. 
B) All will be white and lack chlorophyll since this is self-pollinated. 
C) About one-half will be green and one-half white since that is the distribution of the genes in the parents. 
D) About one-fourth will be white and three-fourths green since it is similar to a monohybrid cross between heterozygotes. 
E) About one-fourth will be green and three-fourths white since it is similar to a monohybrid cross between heterozygotes. 
A) All will be green with chlorophyll since that is the dominant trait. 
B) All will be white and lack chlorophyll since this is self-pollinated. 
C) About one-half will be green and one-half white since that is the distribution of the genes in the parents. 
D) About one-fourth will be white and three-fourths green since it is similar to a monohybrid cross between heterozygotes. 
E) About one-fourth will be green and three-fourths white since it is similar to a monohybrid cross between heterozygotes.

Question 7

If an individual is heterozygous for a particular trait,the gametes that individual produces will contain 3/4 dominant and 1/4 recessive alleles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The offspring of a monohybrid testcross would have what possible genotype(s)?

Accepted Answer

A) AA and Aa. 
B) Aa and aa. 
C) AA,Aa,and aa. 
D) AA only. 
E) aa only. 
A) AA and Aa. 
B) Aa and aa. 
C) AA,Aa,and aa. 
D) AA only. 
E) aa only.

Question 9

Cystic fibrosis and Niemann-Pick Disease are common autosomal dominant disorders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which statement about the blending concept of inheritance is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) A cross between a tall man and a short woman would always produce children of medium height. 
B) A cross between a tall man and a short woman can produce some children that are tall while others are short. 
C) A cross between a tall man and a short woman produce tall children who can then produce short grandchildren. 
D) Genetic material is unstable which accounts for such a wide diversity in our offspring. 
A) A cross between a tall man and a short woman would always produce children of medium height. 
B) A cross between a tall man and a short woman can produce some children that are tall while others are short. 
C) A cross between a tall man and a short woman produce tall children who can then produce short grandchildren. 
D) Genetic material is unstable which accounts for such a wide diversity in our offspring.

Question 11

Which of the following is not part of Mendel's law of segregation?

Accepted Answer

A) Each individual has two factors for each trait. 
B) The factors segregate during Meiosis. 
C) Each gamete will contain two factors for a trait. 
D) Fertilization gives the offspring two factors for each trait. 
A) Each individual has two factors for each trait. 
B) The factors segregate during Meiosis. 
C) Each gamete will contain two factors for a trait. 
D) Fertilization gives the offspring two factors for each trait.

Question 12

Computer simulations are sometimes used to demonstrate the outcome of monohybrid fruit fly crosses,where a student can run generation after generation of fruit flies with 100 offspring produced each generation,half male and half female,and a 3-to-1 phenotype ratio (or 75 to 25)in the F1 generation.Compared with real genetics results,

Accepted Answer

A) rarely would exactly 100 fly offspring be produced or survive. 
B) an exact balance between males and females would be rare. 
C) a precise 3-to-1 ratio would be uncommon. 
D) All of the choices are true. 
A) rarely would exactly 100 fly offspring be produced or survive. 
B) an exact balance between males and females would be rare. 
C) a precise 3-to-1 ratio would be uncommon. 
D) All of the choices are true.

Question 13

The particulate theory of inheritance

Accepted Answer

A) preceded Mendel's research by a century. 
B) was proposed by Mendel. 
C) is based on particles or hereditary units we now call genes. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) Two of the above. 
A) preceded Mendel's research by a century. 
B) was proposed by Mendel. 
C) is based on particles or hereditary units we now call genes. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) Two of the above.

Question 14

Which characteristic of pea plants were important in their selection as Mendel's research organism?

Accepted Answer

A) Peas are easy to cultivate. 
B) Pea plants have a short generation time. 
C) Pea plants are self-pollinating but can be cross-fertilized easily. 
D) Many true-breeding varieties were available. 
E) All of the above were important characteristics in Mendel's selection. 
A) Peas are easy to cultivate. 
B) Pea plants have a short generation time. 
C) Pea plants are self-pollinating but can be cross-fertilized easily. 
D) Many true-breeding varieties were available. 
E) All of the above were important characteristics in Mendel's selection.

Question 15

In 1940,two researchers named Weiner and Landsteiner discovered that about 85 percent of the human population sampled possessed a blood cell protein that had been previously detected in Rhesus monkeys.This blood type was labeled Rh positive,and Rh+ was found to be dominant over the absence of the blood factor (Rh).Under normal Mendelian inheritance,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Two Rh+ parents could have an Rh- child. 
B) Two Rh- parents could have an Rh+ child. 
C) An Rh- child would require that both parents be carriers of at least one Rh- gene. 
D) It is possible with just one pair of parents to have children where some siblings are Rh- and some are Rh+. 
E) All of the choices are false. 
A) Two Rh+ parents could have an Rh- child. 
B) Two Rh- parents could have an Rh+ child. 
C) An Rh- child would require that both parents be carriers of at least one Rh- gene. 
D) It is possible with just one pair of parents to have children where some siblings are Rh- and some are Rh+. 
E) All of the choices are false.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a trait that is the result of,or is affected by,the interaction of more than one gene?

Accepted Answer

A) human skin color 
B) cleft palate 
C) height 
D) sickle cell anemia 
A) human skin color 
B) cleft palate 
C) height 
D) sickle cell anemia

Question 17

What is the blending theory of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A) Mendel's theory of how the traits of parents are passed to offspring through the gametes 
B) Darwin's theory of how traits are passed from all parts of the parent's body into the gamete to be transmitted to the offspring 
C) The modern theory of how genetic information is passed from parents to offspring 
D) An old theory that said that offspring show traits intermediate between those of the parents 
A) Mendel's theory of how the traits of parents are passed to offspring through the gametes 
B) Darwin's theory of how traits are passed from all parts of the parent's body into the gamete to be transmitted to the offspring 
C) The modern theory of how genetic information is passed from parents to offspring 
D) An old theory that said that offspring show traits intermediate between those of the parents

Question 18

What aspect of Mendel's background gave him the necessary tools to discover the laws of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A) He was a monk. 
B) He was a teacher. 
C) He lived in Austria. 
D) He had studied mathematics and probability. 
E) He corresponded with Charles Darwin. 
A) He was a monk. 
B) He was a teacher. 
C) He lived in Austria. 
D) He had studied mathematics and probability. 
E) He corresponded with Charles Darwin.

Question 19

Haiti is settled by peoples of both African and European ancestry.A young couple,both with mixed ancestry,marry and have several children.The children vary widely in the amount of skin melanin production,with one child being lighter than both parents,and one being darker.The simple explanation for this is

Accepted Answer

A) epistasis. 
B) multiple alleles are available for the one chromosomal locus that governs skin color. 
C) the environment affected the phenotype that developed. 
D) polygenic inheritance. 
E) gene linkage. 
A) epistasis. 
B) multiple alleles are available for the one chromosomal locus that governs skin color. 
C) the environment affected the phenotype that developed. 
D) polygenic inheritance. 
E) gene linkage.

Question 20

If black fur is produced by a recessive allele,which genotype is most likely to produce a black individual?

Accepted Answer

A) bb 
B) BB 
C) Bb 
D) Cb 
A) bb 
B) BB 
C) Bb 
D) Cb

Exam 11: Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Since each child of two heterozygous parents has a 50% chance of receiving a recessive trait from each parent,

Which allele combination represents a homozygous dominant individual?

When a round fruit plant is crossed with a long fruit plant their offspring are oval.What is the best explanation for this scenario?

The ability to roll the edges of the tongue upward in a U-shape has been considered to be an inherited ability.The standard assumption is that tongue-rolling is a dominant allele at a single gene locus.Which of the following would cast doubt on this assumption?

The F2 offspring of a classic Mendelian monohybrid cross between homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive parents would produce the genotype(s)

Some plants fail to produce chlorophyll,and this trait appears to be recessive.Many plants also self-pollinate.If we locate a pea plant that is heterozygous for this trait,self-pollinate it and harvest seeds,what are the likely phenotypes of these seeds when they germinate?

If an individual is heterozygous for a particular trait,the gametes that individual produces will contain 3/4 dominant and 1/4 recessive alleles.

The offspring of a monohybrid testcross would have what possible genotype(s)?

Cystic fibrosis and Niemann-Pick Disease are common autosomal dominant disorders.

Which statement about the blending concept of inheritance is correct?

Which of the following is not part of Mendel's law of segregation?

The particulate theory of inheritance

Which characteristic of pea plants were important in their selection as Mendel's research organism?

Which of the following is NOT a trait that is the result of,or is affected by,the interaction of more than one gene?

What is the blending theory of inheritance?

What aspect of Mendel's background gave him the necessary tools to discover the laws of inheritance?

If black fur is produced by a recessive allele,which genotype is most likely to produce a black individual?

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The F₂ offspring of a classic Mendelian monohybrid cross between homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive parents would produce the genotype(s)