Question 1

A beam of protons and a beam of neutrons of the same energy are both harmful to living tissue. The beam of neutrons, however, is less harmful. Why?

Accepted Answer

A) Neutrons are much smaller and lighter than protons and would do less damage. 
B) Neutrons travel at reduced speed compared to the speed at which protons travel. 
C) Neutrons carry no electric charge and thus have a greater likelihood of passing through the tissue. 
D) All of the above are reasons why neutrons are less harmful. 
A) Neutrons are much smaller and lighter than protons and would do less damage. 
B) Neutrons travel at reduced speed compared to the speed at which protons travel. 
C) Neutrons carry no electric charge and thus have a greater likelihood of passing through the tissue. 
D) All of the above are reasons why neutrons are less harmful.

Question 2

An electron in an outermost shell has more energy than one in an innermost shell because ________.

Accepted Answer

A) it is surrounded by more electrons 
B) it is farther from the nucleus 
C) its principle quantum number is higher 
D) It actually has less energy because of inner-shell shielding 
A) it is surrounded by more electrons 
B) it is farther from the nucleus 
C) its principle quantum number is higher 
D) It actually has less energy because of inner-shell shielding

Question 3

Does it make sense to say that a textbook is about 99.9 percent empty space?

Accepted Answer

A) No. A textbook is a solid and thus is quite dense. Therefore it is not 99.9 percent empty space. 
B) No. Only gases are considered to be 99.9 percent empty space. Liquids and solids are not. 
C) Yes. A textbook like all material things is made up of atoms, which are considered to be 99.9 percent empty space. 
D) No. A textbook could only be considered to be 99.9 percent empty space if it were combusted. 
A) No. A textbook is a solid and thus is quite dense. Therefore it is not 99.9 percent empty space. 
B) No. Only gases are considered to be 99.9 percent empty space. Liquids and solids are not. 
C) Yes. A textbook like all material things is made up of atoms, which are considered to be 99.9 percent empty space. 
D) No. A textbook could only be considered to be 99.9 percent empty space if it were combusted.

Question 4

If two protons and two neutrons are removed from the nucleus of the oxygen-16 isotope, a nucleus of which element remains?

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen-12 
B) carbon-12 
C) neon-18 
D) carbon-14 
A) nitrogen-12 
B) carbon-12 
C) neon-18 
D) carbon-14

Question 5

Which of the above has the highest wavelength?

Accepted Answer

A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) e 
A) a 
B) b 
C) c 
D) d 
E) e

Question 6

Since atoms are mostly empty space, why don't objects pass through one another?

Accepted Answer

A) The electrons on the atoms repel other electrons on other atoms when they get close. 
B) The nucleus of one atom repels the nucleus of another atom when it gets close. 
C) The nucleus of one atom attracts the nucleus of a neighboring atom to form a barrier. 
D) The electrons of one attracts the nucleus of a neighboring atom to form a barrier. 
E) none of the above 
A) The electrons on the atoms repel other electrons on other atoms when they get close. 
B) The nucleus of one atom repels the nucleus of another atom when it gets close. 
C) The nucleus of one atom attracts the nucleus of a neighboring atom to form a barrier. 
D) The electrons of one attracts the nucleus of a neighboring atom to form a barrier. 
E) none of the above

Question 7

An atomic orbital ________.

Accepted Answer

A) is the path of an electron 
B) is a region of space 
C) can hold up to four electrons 
D) is always spherical 
A) is the path of an electron 
B) is a region of space 
C) can hold up to four electrons 
D) is always spherical

Question 8

Which of the following statements about electrons is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Electrons have a negative charge. 
B) Electrons are particles. 
C) Electrons behave like waves. 
D) Electrons in atoms can be excited by light energy. 
E) all of the above 
A) Electrons have a negative charge. 
B) Electrons are particles. 
C) Electrons behave like waves. 
D) Electrons in atoms can be excited by light energy. 
E) all of the above

Question 9

What does the following element description actually mean? hydrogen-2

Accepted Answer

A) a hydrogen with one neutron and one proton 
B) a hydrogen with two neutrons 
C) a hydrogen with two protons 
D) a molecule of hydrogen gas 
E) two hydrogen atoms 
A) a hydrogen with one neutron and one proton 
B) a hydrogen with two neutrons 
C) a hydrogen with two protons 
D) a molecule of hydrogen gas 
E) two hydrogen atoms

Question 10

Another interesting periodic trend is the density of the elements. We find that osmium, Os (atomic number 76)has the greatest density of all elements, and, with some exceptions, the closer an element is positioned to osmium, the greater its density. Based upon this trend, list the following elements in order of increasing density: copper, Cu, gold, Au, platinum, Pt, and silver, Ag.

Accepted Answer

A) copper, Cu < gold, Au < platinum, Pt < silver, Ag 
B) copper, Cu < silver, Ag < gold, Au < platinum, Pt 
C) copper, Cu < silver, Ag < platinum, Pt < gold, Au 
D) platinum, Pt < gold, Au < silver, Ag < copper, Cu 
A) copper, Cu < gold, Au < platinum, Pt < silver, Ag 
B) copper, Cu < silver, Ag < gold, Au < platinum, Pt 
C) copper, Cu < silver, Ag < platinum, Pt < gold, Au 
D) platinum, Pt < gold, Au < silver, Ag < copper, Cu

Question 11

Which of these shows light waves in order of increasing energy?

Accepted Answer

A) Radio < Microwave < Infrared < Ultraviolet < Visible 
B) Visible < Ultraviolet < Microwave < Infrared < Radio 
C) Ultraviolet < Visible < Infrared < Microwave < Radio 
D) Radio < Microwave < Infrared < Visible < Ultraviolet 
A) Radio < Microwave < Infrared < Ultraviolet < Visible 
B) Visible < Ultraviolet < Microwave < Infrared < Radio 
C) Ultraviolet < Visible < Infrared < Microwave < Radio 
D) Radio < Microwave < Infrared < Visible < Ultraviolet

Question 12

Which of the following is not a form of electromagnetic radiation?

Accepted Answer

A) sound waves 
B) gamma rays 
C) microwaves 
D) infrared 
E) X-rays 
A) sound waves 
B) gamma rays 
C) microwaves 
D) infrared 
E) X-rays

Question 13

If a neutral element has the following chemical symbol, how many electrons does it have?   O

Accepted Answer

A) 6 
B) 18 
C) 12 
D) 24 
E) none of the above 
A) 6 
B) 18 
C) 12 
D) 24 
E) none of the above

Question 14

What property of an electron makes it possible to use electron microscopes?

Accepted Answer

A) They can be focused using smaller lenses. 
B) They have shorter wavelengths than visible light. 
C) They are electrically charged. 
D) They can be generated with electricity. 
E) none of the above 
A) They can be focused using smaller lenses. 
B) They have shorter wavelengths than visible light. 
C) They are electrically charged. 
D) They can be generated with electricity. 
E) none of the above

Question 15

Why can't we see atoms?

Accepted Answer

A) We see with light energy and the wavelength of light is larger than the atom and is not reflected. 
B) Atoms are invisible. 
C) We cannot see things that are microscopic. 
D) We see with light energy but the atoms absorb all the light and therefore there are no reflections. 
E) Atoms do not interact with light energy and therefore we are unable to observe them with light. 
A) We see with light energy and the wavelength of light is larger than the atom and is not reflected. 
B) Atoms are invisible. 
C) We cannot see things that are microscopic. 
D) We see with light energy but the atoms absorb all the light and therefore there are no reflections. 
E) Atoms do not interact with light energy and therefore we are unable to observe them with light.

Question 16

If a neutral element has the following chemical symbol, how many electrons does it have?   U

Accepted Answer

A) 92 
B) 82 
C) 235 
D) 143 
E) none of the above 
A) 92 
B) 82 
C) 235 
D) 143 
E) none of the above

Question 17

Which of the following determined the ratio of the charge of an electron to its mass?

Accepted Answer

A) J.J. Thompson's cathode ray deflection experiments 
B) E. Rutherford's gold foil experiments 
C) Avogadro's number experiments 
D) Franklin's kite experiments 
A) J.J. Thompson's cathode ray deflection experiments 
B) E. Rutherford's gold foil experiments 
C) Avogadro's number experiments 
D) Franklin's kite experiments

Question 18

Which of the following atoms is the smallest?

Accepted Answer

A) Br 
B) Ga 
C) As 
D) Ca 
E) K 
A) Br 
B) Ga 
C) As 
D) Ca 
E) K

Question 19

In some instances electromagnetic radiation behaves like a wave. In other instances electromagnetic radiation behaves more like a particle. Which behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation?

Accepted Answer

A) Particle behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation. 
B) Electromagnetic radiation behaves both as a wave or as a particle depending on the circumstance. 
C) Wave behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation. 
D) There is no circumstance in which electromagnetic radiation can be described as either portraying particle or wave behavior. 
A) Particle behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation. 
B) Electromagnetic radiation behaves both as a wave or as a particle depending on the circumstance. 
C) Wave behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation. 
D) There is no circumstance in which electromagnetic radiation can be described as either portraying particle or wave behavior.

Question 20

Which color of light comes from the higher energy transition, red or blue?

Accepted Answer

A) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level transition. 
B) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition. 
C) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level transition. 
D) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition. 
A) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level transition. 
B) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition. 
C) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level transition. 
D) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition.

A beam of protons and a beam of neutrons of the same energy are both harmful to living tissue. The beam of neutrons, however, is less harmful. Why?

An electron in an outermost shell has more energy than one in an innermost shell because ________.

Does it make sense to say that a textbook is about 99.9 percent empty space?

If two protons and two neutrons are removed from the nucleus of the oxygen-16 isotope, a nucleus of which element remains?

Which of the above has the highest wavelength?

Since atoms are mostly empty space, why don't objects pass through one another?

An atomic orbital ________.

Which of the following statements about electrons is true?

What does the following element description actually mean? hydrogen-2

Which of these shows light waves in order of increasing energy?

Which of the following is not a form of electromagnetic radiation?

If a neutral element has the following chemical symbol, how many electrons does it have? O

What property of an electron makes it possible to use electron microscopes?

Why can't we see atoms?

If a neutral element has the following chemical symbol, how many electrons does it have? U

Which of the following determined the ratio of the charge of an electron to its mass?

Which of the following atoms is the smallest?

In some instances electromagnetic radiation behaves like a wave. In other instances electromagnetic radiation behaves more like a particle. Which behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation?

Which color of light comes from the higher energy transition, red or blue?

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Molecules Mix

How Water Behaves

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

Optimizing Food Production

Protection Water and Air Resources

Capturing Energy

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Exam 4: Subatomic Particles

A beam of protons and a beam of neutrons of the same energy are both harmful to living tissue. The beam of neutrons, however, is less harmful. Why?

An electron in an outermost shell has more energy than one in an innermost shell because ________.

Does it make sense to say that a textbook is about 99.9 percent empty space?

If two protons and two neutrons are removed from the nucleus of the oxygen-16 isotope, a nucleus of which element remains?

Which of the above has the highest wavelength?

Since atoms are mostly empty space, why don't objects pass through one another?

An atomic orbital ________.

Which of the following statements about electrons is true?

What does the following element description actually mean? hydrogen-2

Which of these shows light waves in order of increasing energy?

Which of the following is not a form of electromagnetic radiation?

If a neutral element has the following chemical symbol, how many electrons does it have? O

What property of an electron makes it possible to use electron microscopes?

Why can't we see atoms?

If a neutral element has the following chemical symbol, how many electrons does it have? U

Which of the following determined the ratio of the charge of an electron to its mass?

Which of the following atoms is the smallest?

In some instances electromagnetic radiation behaves like a wave. In other instances electromagnetic radiation behaves more like a particle. Which behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation?

Which color of light comes from the higher energy transition, red or blue?

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Molecules Mix

How Water Behaves

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

Optimizing Food Production

Protection Water and Air Resources

Capturing Energy

Filters