Question 1

The electron configuration of any neutral group 1 element always ends with ________.

Accepted Answer

A) s1 
B) d10 
C) s2 
D) p1 
A) s1 
B) d10 
C) s2 
D) p1 A

Question 2

What vibrates within an atom as it emits electromagnetic waves?

Accepted Answer

A) the electron 
B) Vibration within the atom is not the cause of the emission of electromagnetic waves. 
C) the nucleus 
D) Nothing vibrates within an atom. Vibration would make an atom unstable. 
A) the electron 
B) Vibration within the atom is not the cause of the emission of electromagnetic waves. 
C) the nucleus 
D) Nothing vibrates within an atom. Vibration would make an atom unstable. A

Question 3

Thousands of magnetic marbles are thrown into a vertically oriented wind tunnel. As they are thrown, no marbles are free from other marbles. Instead, they clump together in groups of varying numbers. The wind tunnel operator is able to control the upward force of the wind so as to make clumps of marbles hover. She records the various forces of wind required to maintain hovering clumps in units of ounces: 45, 30, 60, 75, 105, 35, 80, 55, 90, 20, 65. From this data, what might be the weight of a single magnetic marble? What is the force of the wind analogous to within Millikan's experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 ounces; the force of the wind is analogous to the force of gravity within Millikan's experiment. 
B) 3 ounces; the force of the wind is analogous to the strength of the electric field within Millikan's experiment. 
C) 5 ounces; the force of the wind is analogous to the force of gravity within Millikan's experiment. 
D) 5 ounces; the force of the wind is analogous to the strength of the electric field within Millikan's experiment. 
A) 3 ounces; the force of the wind is analogous to the force of gravity within Millikan's experiment. 
B) 3 ounces; the force of the wind is analogous to the strength of the electric field within Millikan's experiment. 
C) 5 ounces; the force of the wind is analogous to the force of gravity within Millikan's experiment. 
D) 5 ounces; the force of the wind is analogous to the strength of the electric field within Millikan's experiment. D

Question 4

Light is emitted as an electron transitions from a higher energy state to a lower energy state. How long does it take for the actual transition to take place?

Accepted Answer

A) several seconds 
B) several microseconds 
C) several nanoseconds 
D) no time at all 
A) several seconds 
B) several microseconds 
C) several nanoseconds 
D) no time at all

Question 5

Which loses its outermost electrons more easily: bromine, Br, or krypton, Kr?

Accepted Answer

A) Br 
B) Kr 
C) Br and Kr can only gain electrons. 
D) Both elements lose their outermost electron with equal ease. 
A) Br 
B) Kr 
C) Br and Kr can only gain electrons. 
D) Both elements lose their outermost electron with equal ease.

Question 6

You could swallow a capsule of germanium, Ge (atomic number 32), without significant ill effects. If a proton were added to each germanium nucleus, however, you would not want to swallow the capsule because the germanium would ________.

Accepted Answer

A) become arsenic 
B) become radioactive 
C) expand and likely lodge in your throat 
D) have a change in flavor 
A) become arsenic 
B) become radioactive 
C) expand and likely lodge in your throat 
D) have a change in flavor

Question 7

An electron de-excites from the fourth quantum level to the third and then directly to the first. Two frequencies of light are emitted. How do their combined energies compare to the energy of the single frequency that would be emitted by de-excitation from the fourth level directly to the first level? The combined energies of the two frequencies emitted by the one electrons is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than the energy of the single frequency 
B)  less than the energy of the single frequency 
C)  equal to the energy of the single frequency 
D)  not predictable because other factors, such as the temperature of the surroundings must also be considered. 
A)  greater than the energy of the single frequency 
B)  less than the energy of the single frequency 
C)  equal to the energy of the single frequency 
D)  not predictable because other factors, such as the temperature of the surroundings must also be considered.

Question 8

Visible light has a frequency range between 7 × 1014 Hz and 4 × 1014 Hz. Which frequency of light would have the most energy?

Accepted Answer

A) 7 × 1014 Hz 
B) 4 × 1014 Hz 
C) Both have same energy. 
D) Energy is related to wavelength only, not frequency. 
E) none of the above 
A) 7 × 1014 Hz 
B) 4 × 1014 Hz 
C) Both have same energy. 
D) Energy is related to wavelength only, not frequency. 
E) none of the above

Question 9

Which experiences a greater effective nuclear charge, an electron in the outer shell of neon (atomic number 10)or an electron in the outer shell of sodium (atomic number 11)?

Accepted Answer

A) sodium because it contains more protons 
B) neon because of less inner shell shielding 
C) sodium because it contains a greater number of shells 
D) neon because it is a smaller atom 
A) sodium because it contains more protons 
B) neon because of less inner shell shielding 
C) sodium because it contains a greater number of shells 
D) neon because it is a smaller atom

Question 10

The ________ represents the complete range of frequencies of light energy from radio waves to gamma rays.

Accepted Answer

A) electromagnetic spectrum 
B) electron configuration 
C) probability cloud 
D) frequency dependence 
E) spectroscopic model 
A) electromagnetic spectrum 
B) electron configuration 
C) probability cloud 
D) frequency dependence 
E) spectroscopic model

Question 11

List the following atoms in order of increasing atomic size: Thallium, Tl; Germanium, Ge; Tin, Sn; Phosphorus, P.

Accepted Answer

A) Ge < P < Sn < Tl 
B) Tl < Sn < P < Ge 
C) Tl < Sn < Ge < P 
D) P < Ge < Sn < Tl 
A) Ge < P < Sn < Tl 
B) Tl < Sn < P < Ge 
C) Tl < Sn < Ge < P 
D) P < Ge < Sn < Tl

Question 12

What do the components of a conceptual model have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) All components interact with each other. 
B) All components are mutually independent of each other. 
C) The components have nothing in common. This is what differentiates a conceptual model from a physical model. 
D) Each component must correlate with a corresponding component of a physical model. 
A) All components interact with each other. 
B) All components are mutually independent of each other. 
C) The components have nothing in common. This is what differentiates a conceptual model from a physical model. 
D) Each component must correlate with a corresponding component of a physical model.

Question 13

How might you distinguish a sodium-vapor street lamp from a mercury-vapor street lamp?

Accepted Answer

A) use binoculars to look for printing adjacent to the bulb 
B) look at the street lamps through a spectroscope and match their spectral patterns to their respective atomic spectra 
C) ask your local utility company to identify these lamps for you 
D) The shadows cast from a sodium-vapor street lamp tend to be more diffuse around the edges. 
A) use binoculars to look for printing adjacent to the bulb 
B) look at the street lamps through a spectroscope and match their spectral patterns to their respective atomic spectra 
C) ask your local utility company to identify these lamps for you 
D) The shadows cast from a sodium-vapor street lamp tend to be more diffuse around the edges.

Question 14

Rank the following by relative frequency from highest to lowest:

Accepted Answer

A) gamma rays, blue light, red light, radio waves 
B) gamma rays, radio waves, blue light, red light 
C) radio waves, red light, blue light, gamma rays 
D) blue light, red light, radio waves, gamma rays 
E) red light, radio waves, blue light, gamma rays 
A) gamma rays, blue light, red light, radio waves 
B) gamma rays, radio waves, blue light, red light 
C) radio waves, red light, blue light, gamma rays 
D) blue light, red light, radio waves, gamma rays 
E) red light, radio waves, blue light, gamma rays

Question 15

Consider the various frequencies of the three photons emitted from the following three individual electron transitions in the figure below: n=3 to n=2; n=2 to n=1; n=3 to n=1. These transitions would produce three spectral lines in a spectroscope. If the energy spacing between the levels were equal, would this affect the number of spectral lines?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, two otherwise separate lines would converge into a single more intense line. 
B) No, but the spacing between the spectral lines would change. 
C) Yes, two otherwise separate lines would converge into a single less intense line. 
D) No, but some would then require a prism in order to be seen. 
A) Yes, two otherwise separate lines would converge into a single more intense line. 
B) No, but the spacing between the spectral lines would change. 
C) Yes, two otherwise separate lines would converge into a single less intense line. 
D) No, but some would then require a prism in order to be seen.

Question 16

From which of the following atoms would removing an electron be the most difficult?

Accepted Answer

A) Rb 
B) Sr 
C) Cd 
D) I 
E) Xe 
A) Rb 
B) Sr 
C) Cd 
D) I 
E) Xe

Question 17

Which of the following concepts underlies all the others: ionization energy, effective nuclear charge, atomic size.

Accepted Answer

A) ionization energy 
B) effective nuclear charge 
C) atomic size 
D) none of the above 
A) ionization energy 
B) effective nuclear charge 
C) atomic size 
D) none of the above

Question 18

Which contributes more to an atom's mass: electrons or protons? Which contributes more to an atom's size?

Accepted Answer

A) Protons contribute more to an atom's mass while electrons contribute more to its size. 
B) Electrons contribute more to an atom's mass while protons contribute more to its size. 
C) Protons contribute more to both the mass and size of an atom. 
D) Electrons contribute more to both the mass and size of an atom. 
A) Protons contribute more to an atom's mass while electrons contribute more to its size. 
B) Electrons contribute more to an atom's mass while protons contribute more to its size. 
C) Protons contribute more to both the mass and size of an atom. 
D) Electrons contribute more to both the mass and size of an atom.

Question 19

The mass number of an element is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the sum of the protons and the neutrons 
B) the sum of the electrons and the protons 
C) the sum of the electrons and the neutrons 
D) the sum of the isotopes 
E) the number of protons 
A) the sum of the protons and the neutrons 
B) the sum of the electrons and the protons 
C) the sum of the electrons and the neutrons 
D) the sum of the isotopes 
E) the number of protons

Question 20

Isotopes of the same element have a different number of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) protons 
B) neutrons 
C) electrons 
D) photons 
A) protons 
B) neutrons 
C) electrons 
D) photons

The electron configuration of any neutral group 1 element always ends with ________.

What vibrates within an atom as it emits electromagnetic waves?

Light is emitted as an electron transitions from a higher energy state to a lower energy state. How long does it take for the actual transition to take place?

Which loses its outermost electrons more easily: bromine, Br, or krypton, Kr?

You could swallow a capsule of germanium, Ge (atomic number 32), without significant ill effects. If a proton were added to each germanium nucleus, however, you would not want to swallow the capsule because the germanium would ________.

Visible light has a frequency range between 7 × 10¹⁴ Hz and 4 × 10¹⁴ Hz. Which frequency of light would have the most energy?

Which experiences a greater effective nuclear charge, an electron in the outer shell of neon (atomic number 10)or an electron in the outer shell of sodium (atomic number 11)?

The ________ represents the complete range of frequencies of light energy from radio waves to gamma rays.

List the following atoms in order of increasing atomic size: Thallium, Tl; Germanium, Ge; Tin, Sn; Phosphorus, P.

What do the components of a conceptual model have in common?

How might you distinguish a sodium-vapor street lamp from a mercury-vapor street lamp?

Rank the following by relative frequency from highest to lowest:

From which of the following atoms would removing an electron be the most difficult?

Which of the following concepts underlies all the others: ionization energy, effective nuclear charge, atomic size.

Which contributes more to an atom's mass: electrons or protons? Which contributes more to an atom's size?

The mass number of an element is ________.

Isotopes of the same element have a different number of ________.

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Molecules Mix

How Water Behaves

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

Optimizing Food Production

Protection Water and Air Resources

Capturing Energy

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Exam 4: Subatomic Particles

The electron configuration of any neutral group 1 element always ends with ________.

What vibrates within an atom as it emits electromagnetic waves?

Light is emitted as an electron transitions from a higher energy state to a lower energy state. How long does it take for the actual transition to take place?

Which loses its outermost electrons more easily: bromine, Br, or krypton, Kr?

You could swallow a capsule of germanium, Ge (atomic number 32), without significant ill effects. If a proton were added to each germanium nucleus, however, you would not want to swallow the capsule because the germanium would ________.

Visible light has a frequency range between 7 × 1014 Hz and 4 × 1014 Hz. Which frequency of light would have the most energy?

Which experiences a greater effective nuclear charge, an electron in the outer shell of neon (atomic number 10)or an electron in the outer shell of sodium (atomic number 11)?

The ________ represents the complete range of frequencies of light energy from radio waves to gamma rays.

List the following atoms in order of increasing atomic size: Thallium, Tl; Germanium, Ge; Tin, Sn; Phosphorus, P.

What do the components of a conceptual model have in common?

How might you distinguish a sodium-vapor street lamp from a mercury-vapor street lamp?

Rank the following by relative frequency from highest to lowest:

From which of the following atoms would removing an electron be the most difficult?

Which of the following concepts underlies all the others: ionization energy, effective nuclear charge, atomic size.

Which contributes more to an atom's mass: electrons or protons? Which contributes more to an atom's size?

The mass number of an element is ________.

Isotopes of the same element have a different number of ________.

About Science

Particles of Matter

Elements of Chemistry

The Atomic Nucleus

How Atoms Bond

How Molecules Mix

How Water Behaves

How Chemicals React

Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Oxidations and Reductions Charge the World

Organic Compounds

Nutrients of Life

Medicinal Chemistry

Optimizing Food Production

Protection Water and Air Resources

Capturing Energy

Filters

Visible light has a frequency range between 7 × 10¹⁴ Hz and 4 × 10¹⁴ Hz. Which frequency of light would have the most energy?