Exam 43: Nuclear Physics

The material used in certain nuclear bombs is ²³⁹Pu,which has a half-life of about 20,000 years.How long must we wait for a buried stockpile of this substance to decay to 4.0% of its original ²³⁹Pu mass?

The iron nucleus has the greatest binding energy of any nucleus.

The stability of Fe with respect to alpha,β⁺,and β^- decay is to be determined.Do not consider the possibility of decay by electron capture.The following atomic masses are known: He: 4.002603 u Cr: 51.944768 u Mn: 55.938907 u Fe: 55.934939 u Co: 55.939841 u The Fe nuclide is

What mass of ¹⁴C (having a half-life of 5730 years)do you need to provide a decay rate of (1 u = 1.6605 × 10^-27 kg)

An excited U^* nucleus undergoes fission into two fragments,as shown: U^* → Ba + Kr The following atomic masses are known: Kr: 91.926270 u Ba: 143.922845 u U^*: 236.045563 u Assume,at a given instant,that the two fission fragments are spherical,just barely in contact,and carry spherically symmetric charge distributions.At that instant,what is the electrostatic interaction energy of the two fragments,in MeV? (1 u = 1.6605 × 10^-27 kg = 9

Consider two different isotopes of the same neutral element.Which statements about these isotopes are true? (There may be more than one correct choice.)

Calculate the amount of energy that is released in the fusion reaction ²H + ²H → ⁴He,given the masses: ²H: 2.014102 u ⁴He: 4.002603 u (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c²)

The maximum permissible workday dose for occupational exposure to radiation is 26 mrem.A 55-kg laboratory technician absorbs 3.3 mJ of 0.40-MeV gamma rays in a workday.The relative biological efficiency (RBE)for gamma rays is 1.00.What is the ratio of the equivalent dosage received by the technician to the maximum permissible equivalent dosage?

In massive stars,three helium nuclei fuse together,forming a carbon nucleus.This reaction heats the core of the star.The net mass of the three helium nuclei must therefore be

For a Nb atom,the number of protons,neutrons,and electrons in the atom is

The primary source of the energy radiated by a star,such as the sun,is

Today,the uranium found on Earth contains 0.720% ²³⁵U (with a half-life of 0.700 billion years)and 99.28% ²³⁸U (with a half-life of 4.50 billion years).At a time 2.20 billion years ago,what percent of the uranium on Earth was ²³⁸U (assuming that no other uranium isotopes were present)?

The neutral deuterium atom, H,has a mass of 2.014102 u; a neutral hydrogen atom has a mass of 1.007825 u; a neutron has a mass of 1.008665 u; and a proton has a mass of 1.007277 u.What is the binding energy of the H nucleus?

The radioactive nuclei ⁶⁰Co is widely used in medical applications.It undergoes beta decay,and the total energy of the decay process is 2.82 MeV per decay event.The half-life of this nucleus is 272 days.Suppose that a patient is given a dose of 6.9 µCi of ⁶⁰Co.If all of this material decayed while in the patient's body,what would be the total energy deposited there?

The reaction ²H + ²H →? ³H + ¹H releases 4.03 MeV of energy.If 1.0 kg of deuterium were to go through this reaction,how much energy would be produced? , ,1 u = 931.5 MeV/c² = 1.6605 × 10^-27 kg)

Consider the short-lived neutral isotope represented by X.Which of the following statements about this isotope are correct? (There may be more than one correct choice.)

What is the binding energy per nucleon for Al? The neutral Al atom has a mass of 26.981539 u; a neutral hydrogen atom has a mass of 1.007825 u; a neutron has a mass of 1.008665 u; and a proton has a mass of 1.007277 u.(1 u = 931.494 MeV/c²)

Plutonium-239 decays into uranium-235 plus an alpha particle.The energy released in the process is 5.24 MeV.Given the following mass values He: 4.002603 u U: 235.043924 u what is the mass of Pu in atomic mass units? (1 u = 931.494 MeV/c²)

A radioactive nuclide of atomic number Z emits an electron,then the daughter nuclide emits a gamma ray.What is the atomic number of the resulting nuclide after both processes?

Going from medium mass nuclei to heavy nuclei,the average binding energy per nucleon