Question 1

Although George Frederic Handel began his career in London composing Italian-style operas,he is best remembered today for his oratorios,the most famous of which is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Israel in Egypt. 
B)  St.Matthew Passion. 
C)  Messiah. 
D)  Judas Maccabaeus. 
E)  Esther. 
A)  Israel in Egypt. 
B)  St.Matthew Passion. 
C)  Messiah. 
D)  Judas Maccabaeus. 
E)  Esther.

Question 2

Salons were usually organized by well-connected and learned aristocratic women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The South Pacific island of Tahiti was first discovered for the Europeans by:

Accepted Answer

A)  James Cook. 
B)  Louis-Anne de Bougainville. 
C)  Ferdinand Magellan. 
D)  Alexander von Humboldt. 
E)  Sydney Parkinson. 
A)  James Cook. 
B)  Louis-Anne de Bougainville. 
C)  Ferdinand Magellan. 
D)  Alexander von Humboldt. 
E)  Sydney Parkinson.

Question 4

How did the Enlightenment affect the lower classes of Europe?

Accepted Answer

For the most part,the lower classes of E

Question 5

Captain Cook was killed by cannibals in New Zealand,adding to the ferocity of the Western image of the Maori.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

According to Adam Smith,the two most important events in recorded history were the discovery of a passage to the East Indies and the:

Accepted Answer

A)  legal decision in the Calas case. 
B)  discovery of the New World. 
C)  trial of Galileo Galilei. 
D)  fall of the Roman Empire. 
E)  publication of Copernicus's theory. 
A)  legal decision in the Calas case. 
B)  discovery of the New World. 
C)  trial of Galileo Galilei. 
D)  fall of the Roman Empire. 
E)  publication of Copernicus's theory.

Question 7

What was the effect of print culture on the eighteenth century?

Accepted Answer

Much of the success of the Enlightenment

Question 8

In The Spirit of Laws,Baron de Montesquieu argued:

Accepted Answer

A)  that all political institutions ought to conform to environmental conditions. 
B)  that Christianity was solely responsible for the fall of the Roman Empire. 
C)  that the government that governs least governs best of all. 
D)  in favor of the separation and balancing of the powers of government. 
E)  in favor of a strong monarchy balanced by a strong nobility. 
A)  that all political institutions ought to conform to environmental conditions. 
B)  that Christianity was solely responsible for the fall of the Roman Empire. 
C)  that the government that governs least governs best of all. 
D)  in favor of the separation and balancing of the powers of government. 
E)  in favor of a strong monarchy balanced by a strong nobility.

Question 9

How did Mary Wollstonecraft challenge the position of women in the Enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

The Enlightenment thinkers spent much ti

Question 10

The motto of the Enlightenment "Dare to know!" was coined by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Immanuel Kant. 
B)  Baron de Montesquieu. 
C)  Isaac Newton. 
D)  David Hume. 
E)  Voltaire. 
A)  Immanuel Kant. 
B)  Baron de Montesquieu. 
C)  Isaac Newton. 
D)  David Hume. 
E)  Voltaire.

Question 11

A philosophe may be defined as an individual who was a(an):

Accepted Answer

A)  free thinker. 
B)  trained philosopher. 
C)  ordained cleric. 
D)  member of the nobility. 
E)  philosopher by avocation. 
A)  free thinker. 
B)  trained philosopher. 
C)  ordained cleric. 
D)  member of the nobility. 
E)  philosopher by avocation.

Question 12

For the philosophers,an important implication of John Locke's tabula rasa was:

Accepted Answer

A)  that all human beings are equal in natural and all other rights. 
B)  its emphasis on political and economic liberalism. 
C)  that private property was the foundation of all legitimate government. 
D)  that environment determines all social progress. 
E)  that human beings were set in their behavior from birth. 
A)  that all human beings are equal in natural and all other rights. 
B)  its emphasis on political and economic liberalism. 
C)  that private property was the foundation of all legitimate government. 
D)  that environment determines all social progress. 
E)  that human beings were set in their behavior from birth.

Question 13

Most Enlightenment thinkers who might be labeled as deists were theists; of the few who were atheists,the most famous was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Voltaire. 
B)  Moses Mendelssohn. 
C)  Gotthold Lessing. 
D)  Baron de Montesquieu. 
E)  Paul Henri d'Holbach. 
A)  Voltaire. 
B)  Moses Mendelssohn. 
C)  Gotthold Lessing. 
D)  Baron de Montesquieu. 
E)  Paul Henri d'Holbach.

Question 14

Although the philosophes condemned slavery,they did not argue for its immediate abolition and used many different means of avoiding the issue.One of their number,_________,exposed the hypocrisy of this approach by wondering how the Europeans would view slavery if they themselves were being enslaved.

Accepted Answer

A)  Baron de Montesquieu 
B)  Denis Diderot 
C)  Voltaire 
D)  Jean Calas 
E)  Moses Mendelssohn 
A)  Baron de Montesquieu 
B)  Denis Diderot 
C)  Voltaire 
D)  Jean Calas 
E)  Moses Mendelssohn

Question 15

_________ was a Jewish philosopher who argued that religion should be voluntary,that secular states should promote tolerance,and that progress for everyone would come through humanitarianism.

Accepted Answer

A)  Baruch Espinoza 
B)  Moses Mendelssohn 
C)  Nathan Lessing 
D)  Alexander von Humboldt 
E)  Felix Mendelssohn 
A)  Baruch Espinoza 
B)  Moses Mendelssohn 
C)  Nathan Lessing 
D)  Alexander von Humboldt 
E)  Felix Mendelssohn

Question 16

Although the majority of people possessed few books,at most a Bible and one or two other religious works,it appears now that literacy rates were much higher than had previously been believed,perhaps as high as _________ percent for men and _________ percent for women in European urban centers.

Accepted Answer

A)  85; 60 
B)  70; 30 
C)  55; 25 
D)  40; 20 
E)  20; 10 
A)  85; 60 
B)  70; 30 
C)  55; 25 
D)  40; 20 
E)  20; 10

Question 17

The eighteenth century saw the birth of a new literary genre,the novel,and the growing acceptance of women as authors.The most famous woman from this period,as recognized today,was the English novelist:

Accepted Answer

A)  George Eliot. 
B)  George Sand. 
C)  Moll Flanders. 
D)  Jane Austen. 
E)  Mary Ann Evans. 
A)  George Eliot. 
B)  George Sand. 
C)  Moll Flanders. 
D)  Jane Austen. 
E)  Mary Ann Evans.

Question 18

In general,the philosophes considered Judaism and Islam as:

Accepted Answer

A)  religions in need of rational reform. 
B)  enlightened partners in human progress. 
C)  superstitious and backward religions. 
D)  the objects of necessary persecutions. 
E)  the equal of Christianity as all were religions "of the Book." 
A)  religions in need of rational reform. 
B)  enlightened partners in human progress. 
C)  superstitious and backward religions. 
D)  the objects of necessary persecutions. 
E)  the equal of Christianity as all were religions "of the Book."

Question 19

Although not well understood when first published in the eighteenth century,Jean-Jacques Rousseau's book,_________,would become very influential during the French Revolution later in the same century.

Accepted Answer

A)  The Social Contract 
B)  Julie 
C)  Emile 
D)  La Nouvelle Helios 
E)  Meditations on a First Philosophy 
A)  The Social Contract 
B)  Julie 
C)  Emile 
D)  La Nouvelle Helios 
E)  Meditations on a First Philosophy

Question 20

According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau,freedom meant:

Accepted Answer

A)  the worst corruption of the "social contract." 
B)  equal citizens obeying the laws they had made themselves. 
C)  the total absence of any restraints within a society. 
D)  the ability of human beings to think on their own. 
E)  having nothing left to lose. 
A)  the worst corruption of the "social contract." 
B)  equal citizens obeying the laws they had made themselves. 
C)  the total absence of any restraints within a society. 
D)  the ability of human beings to think on their own. 
E)  having nothing left to lose.

Exam 17: The Enlightenment

Although George Frederic Handel began his career in London composing Italian-style operas,he is best remembered today for his oratorios,the most famous of which is:

Salons were usually organized by well-connected and learned aristocratic women.

The South Pacific island of Tahiti was first discovered for the Europeans by:

How did the Enlightenment affect the lower classes of Europe?

Captain Cook was killed by cannibals in New Zealand,adding to the ferocity of the Western image of the Maori.

According to Adam Smith,the two most important events in recorded history were the discovery of a passage to the East Indies and the:

What was the effect of print culture on the eighteenth century?

In The Spirit of Laws,Baron de Montesquieu argued:

How did Mary Wollstonecraft challenge the position of women in the Enlightenment?

The motto of the Enlightenment "Dare to know!" was coined by:

A philosophe may be defined as an individual who was a(an):

For the philosophers,an important implication of John Locke's tabula rasa was:

Most Enlightenment thinkers who might be labeled as deists were theists; of the few who were atheists,the most famous was:

_________ was a Jewish philosopher who argued that religion should be voluntary,that secular states should promote tolerance,and that progress for everyone would come through humanitarianism.

Although the majority of people possessed few books,at most a Bible and one or two other religious works,it appears now that literacy rates were much higher than had previously been believed,perhaps as high as _________ percent for men and _________ percent for women in European urban centers.

The eighteenth century saw the birth of a new literary genre,the novel,and the growing acceptance of women as authors.The most famous woman from this period,as recognized today,was the English novelist:

In general,the philosophes considered Judaism and Islam as:

Although not well understood when first published in the eighteenth century,Jean-Jacques Rousseau's book,_________,would become very influential during the French Revolution later in the same century.

According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau,freedom meant:

Early Civilizations

Peoples, gods ,and Empires: 1700–500 B.C.E

The Civilization of Greece,1000–400 B.C.E

The Greek World Expands,400–150 B.C.E

The Civilization of Ancient Rome

The Transformation of Rome

Rome’s Three Heirs: 500–950

The Expansion of Europe,950–1100

The Consolidation of Europe,1100–1300

Crisis,unrest,and Opportunity,1300–1500

Commerce,conquest,and Colonization,1300–1600

Renaissance Ideals and Realities,c.1350–1550

The Age of Dissent and Division,1500–1600

Religion,warfare,and Sovereignty,1540–1660

Absolutism and Empire,1660–1789

The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

The French Revolution

The Industrial Revolution and Nineteenth-century Society

From Restoration to Revolution,1815–1848

What is a Nation? Territories ,states , and Citizens,1848–1871

Imperialism and Colonialism,1870–1914

Modern Industry and Mass Politics,1870–1914

The First World War

Turmoil Between the Wars

The Second World War

The Cold War World: Global Politics,economic Recovery,and Cultural Change

Red Flags and Velvet Revolutions: the End of the Cold War,1960–1990

A World Without Walls: Globalization and the West

Filters

Although the majority of people possessed few books,at most a Bible and one or two other religious works,it appears now that literacy rates were much higher than had previously been believed,perhaps as high as _ percent for men and _ percent for women in European urban centers.