Question 1

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption.
-Represents 25% of Na+ reabsorbed.

Accepted Answer

A) sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules 
B) sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule 
C) sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle 
A) sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules 
B) sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule 
C) sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle

Question 2

Indicate whether the factor in question would ultimately lead to an increase, or a decrease in NaS1U1P1+S1S1P0 reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism.
-a reduction in total Na? load in the body

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in Na+ reabsorption 
B) a decrease in Na+ reabsorption 
A) an increase in Na+ reabsorption 
B) a decrease in Na+ reabsorption

Question 3

The vertical osmotic gradient in the medullary interstitial fluid is used by the________ to concentrate the tubular fluid.

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal tubules 
B)  distal tubules 
C)  loop of Henle 
D)  collecting ducts 
E)  both (a) and (b) 
A)  proximal tubules 
B)  distal tubules 
C)  loop of Henle 
D)  collecting ducts 
E)  both (a) and (b)

Question 4

Match the substance with its process by writing the appropriate letter in the blank.
-Filtered and actively reabsorbed but not secreted.

Accepted Answer

A) K+ 
B) glucose 
C) inulin 
D) plasma protein 
E) urea
F)H+ 
A) K+ 
B) glucose 
C) inulin 
D) plasma protein 
E) urea
F)H+

Question 5

The following questions refer to the accompanying diagram of the steps of the activation and function of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Six of the molecules/actions have been removed and replaced with letters A-F. Match the letter with list of missing terms below to complete the diagram.
-water conserved

Accepted Answer

The answer of   
The following questions refer to...

Question 6

The following questions refer to the accompanying diagram of the steps of the activation and function of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Six of the molecules/actions have been removed and replaced with letters A-F. Match the letter with list of missing terms below to complete the diagram.
-angiotensinogen

Accepted Answer

The answer of   
The following questions refer to...

Question 7

The plasma clearance of a substance can be used to calculate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) if that substance is freely filtered at the glomerulus and

Accepted Answer

A)  secreted and reabsorbed by the tubules. 
B)  neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the tubules. 
C)  secreted by the tubules. 
D)  reabsorbed by the tubules. 
E)  none of these answers. 
A)  secreted and reabsorbed by the tubules. 
B)  neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the tubules. 
C)  secreted by the tubules. 
D)  reabsorbed by the tubules. 
E)  none of these answers.

Question 8

Match chemicals below with the correct characteristic.
-Is produced by the liver.

Accepted Answer

A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide 
A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 9

Tubular secretion

Accepted Answer

A)  involves transepithelial transport. 
B)  is the movement of a substance from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid. 
C)  always occurs by active transport. 
D)  both (a) and (b) above. 
E)  both (b) and (c) above. 
A)  involves transepithelial transport. 
B)  is the movement of a substance from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid. 
C)  always occurs by active transport. 
D)  both (a) and (b) above. 
E)  both (b) and (c) above.

Question 10

The Na+-K+ ATPase transport system that plays a pivotal role in much of tubular reabsorption is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  luminal membrane of tubular cells. 
B)  basolateral membrane of tubular cells. 
C)  podocytes. 
D)  glomerular capillary membrane. 
E)  basement membrane. 
A)  luminal membrane of tubular cells. 
B)  basolateral membrane of tubular cells. 
C)  podocytes. 
D)  glomerular capillary membrane. 
E)  basement membrane.

Question 11

The glomerular filtrate rate can be measured by calculating glucose clearance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Glucose and amino acids are transferred by means of:

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis 
B)  primary active transport 
C)  secondary active transport 
D)  simple diffusion 
E)  facilitated diffusion 
A)  osmosis 
B)  primary active transport 
C)  secondary active transport 
D)  simple diffusion 
E)  facilitated diffusion

Question 13

MATCHING: ART
   
The accompanying figure relates to the steps of transepithelial transport. The barriers a substance must cross are labeled in the diagram 1-5. Match the sequence of barriers crossed with the descriptions using the key below.
-the cytosol

Accepted Answer

A) Step 1 
B) Step 2 
C) Step 3 
D) Step 4 
E) Step 5 
A) Step 1 
B) Step 2 
C) Step 3 
D) Step 4 
E) Step 5

Question 14

Match urinary system feature with correct characteristic.
-reabsorbed when H+ is secreted

Accepted Answer

A) urea 
B) creatinine 
C) uric acid 
D) Na+ 
E) glucose 
A) urea 
B) creatinine 
C) uric acid 
D) Na+ 
E) glucose

Question 15

All of the plasma that enters the glomerulus is normally filtered into Bowman's capsule except for the plasma proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

____________________ are water channels in the tubular cells of the nephron.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ are water channels in the tubular...

Question 17

Indicate whether the factor in question would ultimately lead to an increase, or a decrease in NaS1U1P1+S1S1P0 reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism.
-a precipitous fall in arterial blood pressure as during hemorrhage

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in Na+ reabsorption 
B) a decrease in Na+ reabsorption 
A) an increase in Na+ reabsorption 
B) a decrease in Na+ reabsorption

Question 18

Indicate whether the first item in the statement increases, decreases, or has no effect on the second item by filling in the appropriate letter using the following answer code.
-Increased renin secretion _____ angiotensin I activation.

Accepted Answer

A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) has no effect on 
A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) has no effect on

Question 19

The renal threshold is the

Accepted Answer

A)  maximum amount of a particular substance that can be excreted in the urine per unit of time. 
B)  maximum amount of a particular substance that the tubular cells are capable of actively reabsorbing per unit of time. 
C)  plasma concentration of a particular substance at which its Tm is reached and the substance first appears in the urine. 
D)  maximum amount of waste products that can be concentrated in the urine per unit of time. 
E)  maximum amount of water that can be osmotically absorbed across the tubules per unit of time. 
A)  maximum amount of a particular substance that can be excreted in the urine per unit of time. 
B)  maximum amount of a particular substance that the tubular cells are capable of actively reabsorbing per unit of time. 
C)  plasma concentration of a particular substance at which its Tm is reached and the substance first appears in the urine. 
D)  maximum amount of waste products that can be concentrated in the urine per unit of time. 
E)  maximum amount of water that can be osmotically absorbed across the tubules per unit of time.

Question 20

If a substance is filtered and reabsorbed but not secreted, its plasma clearance rate is

Accepted Answer

A)  always greater than GFR 
B)  is equal to GFR 
C)  always less than the GFR 
D)  its relationship to GFR cannot be assumed 
E)  none of the above 
A)  always greater than GFR 
B)  is equal to GFR 
C)  always less than the GFR 
D)  its relationship to GFR cannot be assumed 
E)  none of the above

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption. -Represents 25% of Na⁺ reabsorbed.

Indicate whether the factor in question would ultimately lead to an increase, or a decrease in Na⁺ reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism. -a reduction in total Na? load in the body

The vertical osmotic gradient in the medullary interstitial fluid is used by the________ to concentrate the tubular fluid.

Match the substance with its process by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. -Filtered and actively reabsorbed but not secreted.

The plasma clearance of a substance can be used to calculate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) if that substance is freely filtered at the glomerulus and

Match chemicals below with the correct characteristic. -Is produced by the liver.

Tubular secretion

The Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase transport system that plays a pivotal role in much of tubular reabsorption is located in the

The glomerular filtrate rate can be measured by calculating glucose clearance.

Glucose and amino acids are transferred by means of:

MATCHING: ART The accompanying figure relates to the steps of transepithelial transport. The barriers a substance must cross are labeled in the diagram 1-5. Match the sequence of barriers crossed with the descriptions using the key below. -the cytosol

Match urinary system feature with correct characteristic. -reabsorbed when H+ is secreted

All of the plasma that enters the glomerulus is normally filtered into Bowman's capsule except for the plasma proteins.

____________________ are water channels in the tubular cells of the nephron.

Indicate whether the factor in question would ultimately lead to an increase, or a decrease in Na⁺ reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism. -a precipitous fall in arterial blood pressure as during hemorrhage

Indicate whether the first item in the statement increases, decreases, or has no effect on the second item by filling in the appropriate letter using the following answer code. -Increased renin secretion _____ angiotensin I activation.

The renal threshold is the

If a substance is filtered and reabsorbed but not secreted, its plasma clearance rate is

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 13: The Urinary System

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption. -Represents 25% of Na+ reabsorbed.

Indicate whether the factor in question would ultimately lead to an increase, or a decrease in Na+ reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism. -a reduction in total Na? load in the body

The vertical osmotic gradient in the medullary interstitial fluid is used by the________ to concentrate the tubular fluid.

Match the substance with its process by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. -Filtered and actively reabsorbed but not secreted.

The plasma clearance of a substance can be used to calculate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) if that substance is freely filtered at the glomerulus and

Match chemicals below with the correct characteristic. -Is produced by the liver.

Tubular secretion

The Na+-K+ ATPase transport system that plays a pivotal role in much of tubular reabsorption is located in the

The glomerular filtrate rate can be measured by calculating glucose clearance.

Glucose and amino acids are transferred by means of:

MATCHING: ART The accompanying figure relates to the steps of transepithelial transport. The barriers a substance must cross are labeled in the diagram 1-5. Match the sequence of barriers crossed with the descriptions using the key below. -the cytosol

Match urinary system feature with correct characteristic. -reabsorbed when H+ is secreted

All of the plasma that enters the glomerulus is normally filtered into Bowman's capsule except for the plasma proteins.

____________________ are water channels in the tubular cells of the nephron.

Indicate whether the factor in question would ultimately lead to an increase, or a decrease in Na+ reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism. -a precipitous fall in arterial blood pressure as during hemorrhage

Indicate whether the first item in the statement increases, decreases, or has no effect on the second item by filling in the appropriate letter using the following answer code. -Increased renin secretion _____ angiotensin I activation.

The renal threshold is the

If a substance is filtered and reabsorbed but not secreted, its plasma clearance rate is

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption. -Represents 25% of Na⁺ reabsorbed.

Indicate whether the factor in question would ultimately lead to an increase, or a decrease in Na⁺ reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism. -a reduction in total Na? load in the body

The Na⁺-K⁺ ATPase transport system that plays a pivotal role in much of tubular reabsorption is located in the

Indicate whether the factor in question would ultimately lead to an increase, or a decrease in Na⁺ reabsorption by means of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism. -a precipitous fall in arterial blood pressure as during hemorrhage