Question 1

Which of the following is true of potassium ions?

Accepted Answer

A)  they are actively secreted in the proximal tubule 
B)  their concentration is controlled by aldosterone 
C)  changes in concentration can affect membrane excitability 
D)  are reabsorbed in the distal tubule 
E)  both (b) and (c) 
A)  they are actively secreted in the proximal tubule 
B)  their concentration is controlled by aldosterone 
C)  changes in concentration can affect membrane excitability 
D)  are reabsorbed in the distal tubule 
E)  both (b) and (c)

Question 2

Inulin is

Accepted Answer

A)  filtered, not reabsorbed, but secreted. 
B)  filtered, not reabsorbed, and not secreted. 
C)  filtered, reabsorbed, and not secreted. 
D)  filtered, reabsorbed, and secreted. 
E)  not filtered. 
A)  filtered, not reabsorbed, but secreted. 
B)  filtered, not reabsorbed, and not secreted. 
C)  filtered, reabsorbed, and not secreted. 
D)  filtered, reabsorbed, and secreted. 
E)  not filtered.

Question 3

Vasa recta are associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  afferent arterioles. 
B)  efferent arterioles. 
C)  cortical nephrons. 
D)  juxtamedullary nephron. 
E)  renal papillae. 
A)  afferent arterioles. 
B)  efferent arterioles. 
C)  cortical nephrons. 
D)  juxtamedullary nephron. 
E)  renal papillae.

Question 4

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic.
-afferent arteriole

Accepted Answer

A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here. 
A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here.

Question 5

Vasopressin

Accepted Answer

A)  is produced in the hypothalamus. 
B)  increases the permeability of the distal and collecting tubules to water. 
C)  secretion is stimulated by a water deficit in the body. 
D)  both (b) and (c) above. 
E)  all of these answers. 
A)  is produced in the hypothalamus. 
B)  increases the permeability of the distal and collecting tubules to water. 
C)  secretion is stimulated by a water deficit in the body. 
D)  both (b) and (c) above. 
E)  all of these answers.

Question 6

Which transporter is a symport carrier for glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  SGLT 
B)  Na+-K+ ATPase 
C)  GLUT 
D)  both (a) and (c) 
E)  none of the above 
A)  SGLT 
B)  Na+-K+ ATPase 
C)  GLUT 
D)  both (a) and (c) 
E)  none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  excretion of metabolic wastes. 
B)  maintaining proper plasma volume. 
C)  secreting aldosterone to regulate sodium. 
D)  maintains proper osmolarity of body fluids. 
E)  assisting in maintaining the proper acid-base balance of the body. 
A)  excretion of metabolic wastes. 
B)  maintaining proper plasma volume. 
C)  secreting aldosterone to regulate sodium. 
D)  maintains proper osmolarity of body fluids. 
E)  assisting in maintaining the proper acid-base balance of the body.

Question 8

Match the substance with its process by writing the appropriate letter in the blank.
-Filtered and passively reabsorbed.

Accepted Answer

A) K+ 
B) glucose 
C) inulin 
D) plasma protein 
E) urea
F)H+ 
A) K+ 
B) glucose 
C) inulin 
D) plasma protein 
E) urea
F)H+

Question 9

Match the nephron structure to the characteristics
-aldosterone acts here

Accepted Answer

A) afferent arteriole 
B) glomerulus 
C) efferent arteriole 
D) Bowman's capsule 
E) proximal tubule
F)descending limb of loop of Henle
G)ascending limb of loop of Henle
H)distal tubule
I)collecting duct 
A) afferent arteriole 
B) glomerulus 
C) efferent arteriole 
D) Bowman's capsule 
E) proximal tubule
F)descending limb of loop of Henle
G)ascending limb of loop of Henle
H)distal tubule
I)collecting duct

Question 10

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic.
-nephron

Accepted Answer

A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here. 
A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here.

Question 11

Tubular ____________________ and tubular ____________________ are selective processes that occur in the nephron.

Accepted Answer

reabsorpti

Question 12

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic.
-glomerulus

Accepted Answer

A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here. 
A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here.

Question 13

Indicate whether the first item in the statement increases, decreases, or has no effect on the second item by filling in the appropriate letter using the following answer code.
-Decreased vasopressin secretion _____ H2O reabsorption.

Accepted Answer

A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) has no effect on 
A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) has no effect on

Question 14

Match the nephron structure to the characteristics
-uses vertical osmotic gradient to create concentrated urine

Accepted Answer

A) afferent arteriole 
B) glomerulus 
C) efferent arteriole 
D) Bowman's capsule 
E) proximal tubule
F)descending limb of loop of Henle
G)ascending limb of loop of Henle
H)distal tubule
I)collecting duct 
A) afferent arteriole 
B) glomerulus 
C) efferent arteriole 
D) Bowman's capsule 
E) proximal tubule
F)descending limb of loop of Henle
G)ascending limb of loop of Henle
H)distal tubule
I)collecting duct

Question 15

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic.
-Bowman's capsule

Accepted Answer

A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here. 
A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here.

Question 16

Tubular reabsorption

Accepted Answer

A)  refers to the movement of a substance from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid. 
B)  occurs by either active or passive transport. 
C)  involves the process of transepithelial transport. 
D)  both (b) and (c) above. 
E)  all of these answers. 
A)  refers to the movement of a substance from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid. 
B)  occurs by either active or passive transport. 
C)  involves the process of transepithelial transport. 
D)  both (b) and (c) above. 
E)  all of these answers.

Question 17

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic.
-loop of Henle

Accepted Answer

A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here. 
A) Collecting tubules empty into this structure. 
B) Stores the urine. 
C) Passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen. 
D) When dilated leads to an increase in GFR. 
E) Tuft of capillaries found in close approximation to the Bowman's capsule.
F)Function of the glomerulus.
G)Urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis.
H)Collects the glomerular filtrate.
I)Passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries.
J)Functional unit of the kidney.
K)Supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
L)Carries blood from glomerulus into peritubular capillaries.
M)Tube through which urine leaves the body.
N)Variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control.
O)Responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney.
P)Glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here.

Question 18

MATCHING
Match renal function with correct characteristic.
-tubular reabsorption

Accepted Answer

A) movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
B) movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
C) everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed 
D) movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood 
A) movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
B) movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen 
C) everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed 
D) movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood

Question 19

On the average, of the 125 ml/min of plasma filtered, ____________________ ml/min is reabsorbed, and ____________________ ml/min is excreted as urine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of On the average, of the 125 ml/min...

Question 20

Match the nephron structure to the characteristics
-receives blood from glomerulus

Accepted Answer

A) afferent arteriole 
B) glomerulus 
C) efferent arteriole 
D) Bowman's capsule 
E) proximal tubule
F)descending limb of loop of Henle
G)ascending limb of loop of Henle
H)distal tubule
I)collecting duct 
A) afferent arteriole 
B) glomerulus 
C) efferent arteriole 
D) Bowman's capsule 
E) proximal tubule
F)descending limb of loop of Henle
G)ascending limb of loop of Henle
H)distal tubule
I)collecting duct

Which of the following is true of potassium ions?

Inulin is

Vasa recta are associated with

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -afferent arteriole

Vasopressin

Which transporter is a symport carrier for glucose?

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

Match the substance with its process by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. -Filtered and passively reabsorbed.

Match the nephron structure to the characteristics -aldosterone acts here

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -nephron

Tubular and tubular are selective processes that occur in the nephron.

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -glomerulus

Indicate whether the first item in the statement increases, decreases, or has no effect on the second item by filling in the appropriate letter using the following answer code. -Decreased vasopressin secretion _____ H₂O reabsorption.

Match the nephron structure to the characteristics -uses vertical osmotic gradient to create concentrated urine

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -Bowman's capsule

Tubular reabsorption

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -loop of Henle

MATCHING Match renal function with correct characteristic. -tubular reabsorption

On the average, of the 125 ml/min of plasma filtered, ml/min is reabsorbed, and ml/min is excreted as urine.

Match the nephron structure to the characteristics -receives blood from glomerulus

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 13: The Urinary System

Which of the following is true of potassium ions?

Inulin is

Vasa recta are associated with

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -afferent arteriole

Vasopressin

Which transporter is a symport carrier for glucose?

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

Match the substance with its process by writing the appropriate letter in the blank. -Filtered and passively reabsorbed.

Match the nephron structure to the characteristics -aldosterone acts here

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -nephron

Tubular ____________________ and tubular ____________________ are selective processes that occur in the nephron.

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -glomerulus

Indicate whether the first item in the statement increases, decreases, or has no effect on the second item by filling in the appropriate letter using the following answer code. -Decreased vasopressin secretion _____ H2O reabsorption.

Match the nephron structure to the characteristics -uses vertical osmotic gradient to create concentrated urine

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -Bowman's capsule

Tubular reabsorption

Match renal structure or activity with correct characteristic. -loop of Henle

MATCHING Match renal function with correct characteristic. -tubular reabsorption

On the average, of the 125 ml/min of plasma filtered, ____________________ ml/min is reabsorbed, and ____________________ ml/min is excreted as urine.

Match the nephron structure to the characteristics -receives blood from glomerulus

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Tubular and tubular are selective processes that occur in the nephron.

Indicate whether the first item in the statement increases, decreases, or has no effect on the second item by filling in the appropriate letter using the following answer code. -Decreased vasopressin secretion _____ H₂O reabsorption.

On the average, of the 125 ml/min of plasma filtered, ml/min is reabsorbed, and ml/min is excreted as urine.