Question 1

In which of the following nucleic acid amplification procedures is a hybrid nucleic acid labeled with detectable signal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Polymerase chain reaction 
B)  Strand displacement amplification 
C)  Transcription-mediated amplification 
D)  Hybrid capture assay 
A)  Polymerase chain reaction 
B)  Strand displacement amplification 
C)  Transcription-mediated amplification 
D)  Hybrid capture assay D

Question 2

Which of the following amplification procedures uses an RNA polymerase to generate amplicons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Q beta replicase 
B)  Real-time PCR 
C)  Ligase chain reaction 
D)  Strand displacement amplification 
A)  Q beta replicase 
B)  Real-time PCR 
C)  Ligase chain reaction 
D)  Strand displacement amplification A

Question 3

What is the purpose of an amplification control in PCR?

Accepted Answer

A)  To check for contamination 
B)  To distinguish true positives from false positives 
C)  To distinguish true negatives from false negatives 
D)  To protect the template from degradation 
A)  To check for contamination 
B)  To distinguish true positives from false positives 
C)  To distinguish true negatives from false negatives 
D)  To protect the template from degradation C

Question 4

What is TaqMan?

Accepted Answer

A)  A qPCR probe system 
B)  High-efficiency buffer used in PCR 
C)  A special PCR enzyme 
D)  A video game 
A)  A qPCR probe system 
B)  High-efficiency buffer used in PCR 
C)  A special PCR enzyme 
D)  A video game

Question 5

What is the advantage of a nested PCR procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nested PCR is less labor-intensive. 
B)  Nested PCR offers increased specificity and yield of product. 
C)  Nested PCR has a shorter reaction time than standard PCR. 
D)  Nested PCR is less expensive than standard PCR. 
A)  Nested PCR is less labor-intensive. 
B)  Nested PCR offers increased specificity and yield of product. 
C)  Nested PCR has a shorter reaction time than standard PCR. 
D)  Nested PCR is less expensive than standard PCR.

Question 6

Nucleic acid has been isolated from a urethral swab and a PCR is performed on the sample to detect Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The positive control has a band at the expected size; the negative template control and the contamination controls do not have bands; and the amplification control has a band of expected size. The patient sample has a band consistent with the amplification control band and does not have a band corresponding to the positive control band. How is this result interpreted?

Accepted Answer

A)  The patient has a positive PCR result for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
B)  The results are not acceptable because the control results are invalid. 
C)  The patient does not have Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and it is a true negative result. 
D)  The patient has a false negative result for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
A)  The patient has a positive PCR result for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
B)  The results are not acceptable because the control results are invalid. 
C)  The patient does not have Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and it is a true negative result. 
D)  The patient has a false negative result for Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Question 7

Which of the following is a method of signal amplification?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcription-mediated amplification (TM
A)  
B)  Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 
C)  Ligase chain reaction (LCR) 
D)  Branched DNA assay (bDN
A)  
A)  Transcription-mediated amplification (TM
A)  
B)  Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 
C)  Ligase chain reaction (LCR) 
D)  Branched DNA assay (bDN
A)

Question 8

What enzyme system is used to avoid contamination in real-time PCR?

Accepted Answer

A)  dUTP-UNG 
B)  SSP-PCR 
C)  UV-psoralen 
D)  SAP-ExoI 
A)  dUTP-UNG 
B)  SSP-PCR 
C)  UV-psoralen 
D)  SAP-ExoI

Question 9

Which of the following steps can be taken to minimize mis-priming in a PCR procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use high-quality deoxynucleotides, buffers, and enzymes. 
B)  Seclude the polymerase from the template and primers before amplification. 
C)  Load the samples carefully for gel electrophoresis of PCR products. 
D)  Keep the reaction mix at room temperature prior to amplification. 
A)  Use high-quality deoxynucleotides, buffers, and enzymes. 
B)  Seclude the polymerase from the template and primers before amplification. 
C)  Load the samples carefully for gel electrophoresis of PCR products. 
D)  Keep the reaction mix at room temperature prior to amplification.

Question 10

What type of PCR starts with an RNA template?

Accepted Answer

A)  Real-time PCR 
B)  Multiplex PCR 
C)  Reverse transcriptase PCR 
D)  Sequence-specific PCR 
A)  Real-time PCR 
B)  Multiplex PCR 
C)  Reverse transcriptase PCR 
D)  Sequence-specific PCR

Question 11

A DNA sequence with high GC content is more likely to have what property that interferes with PCR amplification?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tendency to degrade 
B)  Enzyme inactivation 
C)  Lower Tm 
D)  Secondary structure 
A)  Tendency to degrade 
B)  Enzyme inactivation 
C)  Lower Tm 
D)  Secondary structure

Question 12

SYBR Green fluorescence is detectable at which stage of the PCR amplification process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Template denaturation 
B)  Cycle 1 
C)  Primer annealing and extension 
D)  Prior to amplification 
A)  Template denaturation 
B)  Cycle 1 
C)  Primer annealing and extension 
D)  Prior to amplification

Question 13

Complementarity of primer pairs at the 3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 ends will result in what artifacts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primer dimers 
B)  Large mis-primed products 
C)  No amplification 
D)  5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 end degradation of the primers 
A)  Primer dimers 
B)  Large mis-primed products 
C)  No amplification 
D)  5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 end degradation of the primers

Question 14

A PCR reaction that uses more than one primer pair is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  Long-range PCR 
B)  Multiplex PCR 
C)  Signal amplification 
D)  Quantitative PCR 
A)  Long-range PCR 
B)  Multiplex PCR 
C)  Signal amplification 
D)  Quantitative PCR

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct order of the steps that occur in a standard PCR cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Annealing, denaturation, and extension 
B)  Denaturation, extension, and annealing 
C)  Denaturation, annealing, and extension 
D)  Extension, annealing, and denaturation 
A)  Annealing, denaturation, and extension 
B)  Denaturation, extension, and annealing 
C)  Denaturation, annealing, and extension 
D)  Extension, annealing, and denaturation

Question 16

Real-time PCR differs from standard PCR in which way?

Accepted Answer

A)  Standard PCR is faster. 
B)  Real-time PCR is less sensitive. 
C)  Real-time PCR is quantitative. 
D)  Standard PCR is more specific. 
A)  Standard PCR is faster. 
B)  Real-time PCR is less sensitive. 
C)  Real-time PCR is quantitative. 
D)  Standard PCR is more specific.

Question 17

Which of the following is the function of SYBR Green in quantitative PCR?

Accepted Answer

A)  Detection of the PCR product 
B)  Facilitates amplification 
C)  Prevents contamination 
D)  Minimizes mis-priming 
A)  Detection of the PCR product 
B)  Facilitates amplification 
C)  Prevents contamination 
D)  Minimizes mis-priming

Question 18

Which of the following PCR modifications was developed to allow for the amplification of an RNA template?

Accepted Answer

A)  Multiplex 
B)  Nested 
C)  Reverse transcriptase 
D)  Real-time 
A)  Multiplex 
B)  Nested 
C)  Reverse transcriptase 
D)  Real-time

Question 19

Which of the following PCR controls ensures that the reaction mix is not contaminated with amplicons from a previous PCR procedure and must not have a PCR product detected in order to be valid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive control 
B)  Sensitivity control 
C)  Reagent blank 
D)  Amplification control 
A)  Positive control 
B)  Sensitivity control 
C)  Reagent blank 
D)  Amplification control

Question 20

A PCR assay is performed, and the results are being analyzed. The positive control has a band at the expected size; the negative template control has a band at the same size as the positive control; the contamination control has no band; and the amplification control has a band of expected size. All of the patient samples that were run had a band the same size as the band seen in the positive and negative template control wells. How are these results interpreted?

Accepted Answer

A)  This is an acceptable run, and the patients should all be reported as positive. 
B)  This run is not acceptable because the amplification control should not have a band. 
C)  This run is not acceptable because the contamination control should have a band. 
D)  This run is not acceptable because the negative template control should not have a band. 
A)  This is an acceptable run, and the patients should all be reported as positive. 
B)  This run is not acceptable because the amplification control should not have a band. 
C)  This run is not acceptable because the contamination control should have a band. 
D)  This run is not acceptable because the negative template control should not have a band.

In which of the following nucleic acid amplification procedures is a hybrid nucleic acid labeled with detectable signal?

Which of the following amplification procedures uses an RNA polymerase to generate amplicons?

What is the purpose of an amplification control in PCR?

What is TaqMan?

What is the advantage of a nested PCR procedure?

Which of the following is a method of signal amplification?

What enzyme system is used to avoid contamination in real-time PCR?

Which of the following steps can be taken to minimize mis-priming in a PCR procedure?

What type of PCR starts with an RNA template?

A DNA sequence with high GC content is more likely to have what property that interferes with PCR amplification?

SYBR Green fluorescence is detectable at which stage of the PCR amplification process?

Complementarity of primer pairs at the 3 ends will result in what artifacts?

A PCR reaction that uses more than one primer pair is called:

Which of the following is the correct order of the steps that occur in a standard PCR cycle?

Real-time PCR differs from standard PCR in which way?

Which of the following is the function of SYBR Green in quantitative PCR?

Which of the following PCR modifications was developed to allow for the amplification of an RNA template?

Which of the following PCR controls ensures that the reaction mix is not contaminated with amplicons from a previous PCR procedure and must not have a PCR product detected in order to be valid?

DNA

RNA

Proteins

Nucleic Acid Extraction Methods

Resolution and Detection of Nucleic Acids

Analysis and Characterization of Nucleic Acids and Proteins

Chromosomal Structure and Chromosomal Mutations

Gene Mutations

DNA Sequencing

DNA Polymorphisms and Human Identification

Detection and Identification of Microorganisms

Molecular Detection of Inherited Diseases

Molecular Oncology

Dna-Based Tissue Typing

Quality Assurance and Quality Control in the Molecular Laboratory

Filters

Exam 7: Nucleic Acid Amplification

In which of the following nucleic acid amplification procedures is a hybrid nucleic acid labeled with detectable signal?

Which of the following amplification procedures uses an RNA polymerase to generate amplicons?

What is the purpose of an amplification control in PCR?

What is TaqMan?

What is the advantage of a nested PCR procedure?

Which of the following is a method of signal amplification?

What enzyme system is used to avoid contamination in real-time PCR?

Which of the following steps can be taken to minimize mis-priming in a PCR procedure?

What type of PCR starts with an RNA template?

A DNA sequence with high GC content is more likely to have what property that interferes with PCR amplification?

SYBR Green fluorescence is detectable at which stage of the PCR amplification process?

Complementarity of primer pairs at the 3 ends will result in what artifacts?

A PCR reaction that uses more than one primer pair is called:

Which of the following is the correct order of the steps that occur in a standard PCR cycle?

Real-time PCR differs from standard PCR in which way?

Which of the following is the function of SYBR Green in quantitative PCR?

Which of the following PCR modifications was developed to allow for the amplification of an RNA template?

Which of the following PCR controls ensures that the reaction mix is not contaminated with amplicons from a previous PCR procedure and must not have a PCR product detected in order to be valid?

DNA

RNA

Proteins

Nucleic Acid Extraction Methods

Resolution and Detection of Nucleic Acids

Analysis and Characterization of Nucleic Acids and Proteins

Chromosomal Structure and Chromosomal Mutations

Gene Mutations

DNA Sequencing

DNA Polymorphisms and Human Identification

Detection and Identification of Microorganisms

Molecular Detection of Inherited Diseases

Molecular Oncology

Dna-Based Tissue Typing

Quality Assurance and Quality Control in the Molecular Laboratory

Filters