Question 1

Evolution is

Accepted Answer

A)  only relevant to the study of biology. 
B)  the change in the genetic makeup of a population through time. 
C)  the change in protein expression of an individual organism through time. 
D)  not influenced by natural selection. 
E)  always improving a species. 
A)  only relevant to the study of biology. 
B)  the change in the genetic makeup of a population through time. 
C)  the change in protein expression of an individual organism through time. 
D)  not influenced by natural selection. 
E)  always improving a species.

Question 2

All chemical transformations and other work done in an organism contribute to its

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanical work. 
B)  synthesis. 
C)  breakdown. 
D)  metabolism. 
E)  electrical work. 
A)  mechanical work. 
B)  synthesis. 
C)  breakdown. 
D)  metabolism. 
E)  electrical work.

Question 3

Scientists develop new vaccines for flu every year because of the

Accepted Answer

A)  high rate of infection by the influenza virus in humans. 
B)  long incubation time of the influenza virus in the human body. 
C)  high rate of mutation of the influenza virus. 
D)  long generation time of the influenza virus. 
E)  low rate of transmission of influenza virus from person to person. 
A)  high rate of infection by the influenza virus in humans. 
B)  long incubation time of the influenza virus in the human body. 
C)  high rate of mutation of the influenza virus. 
D)  long generation time of the influenza virus. 
E)  low rate of transmission of influenza virus from person to person.

Question 4

Change in the genetic makeup of populations over time is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution. 
B)  speciation. 
C)  growth. 
D)  ecological change. 
E)  global change. 
A)  evolution. 
B)  speciation. 
C)  growth. 
D)  ecological change. 
E)  global change.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about viruses is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They do not mutate or evolve. 
B)  They do not contain genetic information. 
C)  They carry out physiological functions on their own. 
D)  They depend on cellular organisms to reproduce. 
E)  They are composed of cells. 
A)  They do not mutate or evolve. 
B)  They do not contain genetic information. 
C)  They carry out physiological functions on their own. 
D)  They depend on cellular organisms to reproduce. 
E)  They are composed of cells.

Question 6

All living organisms acquire _______ from their environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  sunlight 
B)  nutrients 
C)  carbon dioxide for photosynthesis 
D)  cues for forming different tissue types 
E)  oxygen 
A)  sunlight 
B)  nutrients 
C)  carbon dioxide for photosynthesis 
D)  cues for forming different tissue types 
E)  oxygen

Question 7

Which factors are taken into consideration in the biological classification of organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physical characteristics only 
B)  Molecular characteristics only 
C)  Physical characteristics and fossil records only 
D)  Physical characteristics and molecular characteristics only 
E)  Physical characteristics, fossil records, and molecular characteristics 
A)  Physical characteristics only 
B)  Molecular characteristics only 
C)  Physical characteristics and fossil records only 
D)  Physical characteristics and molecular characteristics only 
E)  Physical characteristics, fossil records, and molecular characteristics

Question 8

Relationships between living organisms can best be gleaned by comparing

Accepted Answer

A)  the fossil record. 
B)  the genomes of living organisms. 
C)  the patterns of embryological development of living organisms. 
D)  anatomical features of living organisms. 
E)  anatomical features of fossils. 
A)  the fossil record. 
B)  the genomes of living organisms. 
C)  the patterns of embryological development of living organisms. 
D)  anatomical features of living organisms. 
E)  anatomical features of fossils.

Question 9

Photosynthesis was a major evolutionary milestone for several reasons.One reason is that

Accepted Answer

A)  photosynthetic organisms contributed ozone to the environment, which led to the evolution of aerobic organisms. 
B)  photosynthesis led to conditions that allowed life to arise on land. 
C)  photosynthesis is the only metabolic process that consumes oxygen. 
D)  photosynthesis provides oxygen for anaerobic organisms. 
E)  photosynthesis changed the levels of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere. 
A)  photosynthetic organisms contributed ozone to the environment, which led to the evolution of aerobic organisms. 
B)  photosynthesis led to conditions that allowed life to arise on land. 
C)  photosynthesis is the only metabolic process that consumes oxygen. 
D)  photosynthesis provides oxygen for anaerobic organisms. 
E)  photosynthesis changed the levels of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere.

Question 10

Which is a characteristic of a comparative experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has only independent variables. 
B)  It has only one dependent variable. 
C)  It compares one independent variable with one dependent variable. 
D)  It starts with groups or samples that are as similar as possible. 
E)  It starts with the prediction that there will be a difference between groups or samples. 
A)  It has only independent variables. 
B)  It has only one dependent variable. 
C)  It compares one independent variable with one dependent variable. 
D)  It starts with groups or samples that are as similar as possible. 
E)  It starts with the prediction that there will be a difference between groups or samples.

Question 11

There has been life on Earth for approximately _______ years.

Accepted Answer

A)  10,000 
B)  4 million 
C)  100 million 
D)  1 billion 
E)  4 billion 
A)  10,000 
B)  4 million 
C)  100 million 
D)  1 billion 
E)  4 billion

Question 12

A research group collected fossilized snails of a particular species from various locations and brought them into the lab for study.They used electron microscopy to study the physical features of the shells as well as chemical methods for analyzing their chemical makeup.They also used analytical lab techniques to date the fossils.The results of this work enabled the researchers to draw conclusions about evolutionary changes in the snails.Which statement can be made about this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  This was a comparative experiment because the subjects of the study were collected from field locations. 
B)  This was a controlled experiment because all of the analyses were conducted in a laboratory where conditions could be controlled. 
C)  This was a comparative experiment because the characteristics of different samples collected from different locations were compared. 
D)  This was a controlled experiment because the samples being studied were limited to one species of snail. 
E)  This was both a comparative and a controlled experiment because it involved comparisons of field samples carried out in a laboratory setting. 
A)  This was a comparative experiment because the subjects of the study were collected from field locations. 
B)  This was a controlled experiment because all of the analyses were conducted in a laboratory where conditions could be controlled. 
C)  This was a comparative experiment because the characteristics of different samples collected from different locations were compared. 
D)  This was a controlled experiment because the samples being studied were limited to one species of snail. 
E)  This was both a comparative and a controlled experiment because it involved comparisons of field samples carried out in a laboratory setting.

Question 13

The toe pads of arboreal (tree) frogs and the webbed feet of aquatic frogs are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift. 
B)  structural adaptations. 
C)  sexual selection. 
D)  artificial selection. 
E)  cooperation. 
A)  genetic drift. 
B)  structural adaptations. 
C)  sexual selection. 
D)  artificial selection. 
E)  cooperation.

Question 14

Cellular life is divided into three major lineages.What are these three lineages, and what are their key similarities and differences?

Accepted Answer

The three major lineages of life are Bac

Question 15

The sum total of all the chemical transformations and other work done in a living organism is called its _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The sum total of all the chemical...

Question 16

Suppose that a microorganism is discovered on a distant planet.Which investigation could be expected to yield information that could either support or refute the hypothesis that life originated only once in the universe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Study of the organism's ability to synthesize new molecules 
B)  Investigation into the ability of the organism to reproduce itself 
C)  Identification of the molecule(s) that encode the organism's biological information 
D)  Evaluation of the organism's rate of nutrient intake 
E)  Analysis of the organism's cell surface area-to-volume ratio 
A)  Study of the organism's ability to synthesize new molecules 
B)  Investigation into the ability of the organism to reproduce itself 
C)  Identification of the molecule(s) that encode the organism's biological information 
D)  Evaluation of the organism's rate of nutrient intake 
E)  Analysis of the organism's cell surface area-to-volume ratio

Question 17

An agricultural researcher is interested in finding the minimal amount of a chemical fertilizer that, when applied to a corn crop, will support a certain yield of corn.The researcher sets up an experiment in which groups of corn plants are divided into fields and given different quantities of fertilizer.The fertilizer represents the _______ in this investigation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An agricultural researcher is interested in finding...

Question 18

Homeostasis involves the maintenance of a

Accepted Answer

A)  variable internal environment. 
B)  constant external environment. 
C)  constant internal environment. 
D)  constant rate of natural selection. 
E)  variable rate of natural selection. 
A)  variable internal environment. 
B)  constant external environment. 
C)  constant internal environment. 
D)  constant rate of natural selection. 
E)  variable rate of natural selection.

Question 19

Which evolutionary development paved the way for the tremendous diversity of life forms observed on Earth today?

Accepted Answer

A)  Predation 
B)  Cellular differentiation 
C)  Flight 
D)  Cell division 
E)  Anaerobic metabolism 
A)  Predation 
B)  Cellular differentiation 
C)  Flight 
D)  Cell division 
E)  Anaerobic metabolism

Question 20

A population differs from a community in that a community

Accepted Answer

A)  consists of just one species. 
B)  includes the abiotic environment. 
C)  includes many species. 
D)  is synonymous with an ecosystem. 
E)  is individuals of the same species that interact with each other. 
A)  consists of just one species. 
B)  includes the abiotic environment. 
C)  includes many species. 
D)  is synonymous with an ecosystem. 
E)  is individuals of the same species that interact with each other.

Exam 1: Studying Life

Evolution is

All chemical transformations and other work done in an organism contribute to its

Scientists develop new vaccines for flu every year because of the

Change in the genetic makeup of populations over time is known as

Which of the following statements about viruses is true?

All living organisms acquire _______ from their environment.

Which factors are taken into consideration in the biological classification of organisms?

Relationships between living organisms can best be gleaned by comparing

Photosynthesis was a major evolutionary milestone for several reasons.One reason is that

Which is a characteristic of a comparative experiment?

There has been life on Earth for approximately _______ years.

The toe pads of arboreal (tree) frogs and the webbed feet of aquatic frogs are examples of

Cellular life is divided into three major lineages.What are these three lineages, and what are their key similarities and differences?

The sum total of all the chemical transformations and other work done in a living organism is called its _______.

Suppose that a microorganism is discovered on a distant planet.Which investigation could be expected to yield information that could either support or refute the hypothesis that life originated only once in the universe?

Homeostasis involves the maintenance of a

Which evolutionary development paved the way for the tremendous diversity of life forms observed on Earth today?

A population differs from a community in that a community

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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