Question 1

Which statement about oomycetes (water molds) is true and also explains why they are classified as protists and not fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are filamentous and stationary. 
B)  They secrete enzymes that digest large food molecules into smaller molecules that they can absorb. 
C)  Their cell walls are made of cellulose. 
D)  Their cell walls are made of chitin. 
E)  They often produce a whitish, cottony mold that grows on dead fish. 
A)  They are filamentous and stationary. 
B)  They secrete enzymes that digest large food molecules into smaller molecules that they can absorb. 
C)  Their cell walls are made of cellulose. 
D)  Their cell walls are made of chitin. 
E)  They often produce a whitish, cottony mold that grows on dead fish.

Question 2

Which statement regarding the role of meiosis in plasmodial slime molds is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Meiosis gives rise to the haploid nuclei that accumulate during the vegetative state of the slime mold. 
B)  During unfavorable conditions, plasmodial nuclei undergo meiosis before the organism creates a resting structure in the form of an irregular mass of hardened cell-like components. 
C)  During unfavorable conditions, plasmodial nuclei undergo meiosis before the sporangia develop on the fruiting structure. 
D)  The swarm cells of plasmodial slime molds divide by meiosis to produce haploid gametes. 
E)  Nuclei of plasmodial slime mold zygotes divide by meiosis to generate new coenocytic organisms. 
A)  Meiosis gives rise to the haploid nuclei that accumulate during the vegetative state of the slime mold. 
B)  During unfavorable conditions, plasmodial nuclei undergo meiosis before the organism creates a resting structure in the form of an irregular mass of hardened cell-like components. 
C)  During unfavorable conditions, plasmodial nuclei undergo meiosis before the sporangia develop on the fruiting structure. 
D)  The swarm cells of plasmodial slime molds divide by meiosis to produce haploid gametes. 
E)  Nuclei of plasmodial slime mold zygotes divide by meiosis to generate new coenocytic organisms.

Question 3

Prokaryotes do not obtain organelles by endosymbiosis, because they lack

Accepted Answer

A)  a flexible cell membrane. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  flagella. 
D)  digestive vacuoles. 
E)  the ability to photosynthesize. 
A)  a flexible cell membrane. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  flagella. 
D)  digestive vacuoles. 
E)  the ability to photosynthesize.

Question 4

Which of the following can be large enough that an individual organism is easily visible to the naked eye?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brown algae 
B)  Dinoflagellates 
C)  Toxoplasma 
D)  Foraminiferans 
E)  Diatoms 
A)  Brown algae 
B)  Dinoflagellates 
C)  Toxoplasma 
D)  Foraminiferans 
E)  Diatoms

Question 5

_______ secrete external shells of calcium carbonate, which formed much of the world's limestone, as used in the ancient pyramids of Egypt.Long pseudopods extend through pores in the shells for locomotion.

Accepted Answer

A)  Foraminiferans 
B)  Diatoms 
C)  Dinoflagellates 
D)  Water molds 
E)  Radiolarians 
A)  Foraminiferans 
B)  Diatoms 
C)  Dinoflagellates 
D)  Water molds 
E)  Radiolarians

Question 6

Which statement that does not describe a form of asexual reproduction found in protists.

Accepted Answer

A)  Plasmodium sporozoites give rise to merozoites in the liver cells of humans. 
B)  Conjugation between two paramecia produces individuals that are genetically distinct from the original organisms. 
C)  Two daughter diatoms of dissimilar sizes (one smaller than the original) are produced during reproduction. 
D)  Myxamoebas cycle through slug and spore stages to produce new myxamoebas. 
E)  Euglenids produce new individuals primarily through binary fission. 
A)  Plasmodium sporozoites give rise to merozoites in the liver cells of humans. 
B)  Conjugation between two paramecia produces individuals that are genetically distinct from the original organisms. 
C)  Two daughter diatoms of dissimilar sizes (one smaller than the original) are produced during reproduction. 
D)  Myxamoebas cycle through slug and spore stages to produce new myxamoebas. 
E)  Euglenids produce new individuals primarily through binary fission.

Question 7

Which statement regarding alternation of generations is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The gamete-producing generation is haploid. 
B)  The spore-producing organism is haploid. 
C)  The gamete-producing organism is diploid. 
D)  The gamete- and spore-producing organisms are both haploid. 
E)  The gamete- and spore-producing organisms are both diploid. 
A)  The gamete-producing generation is haploid. 
B)  The spore-producing organism is haploid. 
C)  The gamete-producing organism is diploid. 
D)  The gamete- and spore-producing organisms are both haploid. 
E)  The gamete- and spore-producing organisms are both diploid.

Question 8

After a particularly warm and wet summer, there is a spike in the population of tsetse flies in a rural sub-Saharan village.Many of the inhabitants begin to complain of fever and aching muscles.What might be the cause of their suffering?

Accepted Answer

A)  The increase in tsetse flies has created more insect vectors for the kinetoplastid Trypanosoma brucei, resulting in more individuals struck by the sleeping sickness. 
B)  An increase in Trypanosoma brucei has provided the tsetse fly with an additional food supply, and the flies are now able to multiply more rapidly and bite more individuals. 
C)  Tsetse flies thrive on blood meals; their increase is a result of feeding on immunocompromised individuals. 
D)  Tsetse fly larvae attract water molds, resulting in contamination of the water supply and subsequent infection of humans by oomycete pathogens. 
E)  None of the above; the presence of the kinetoplastid Trypanosoma brucei is not related to the increase in the number of people suffering from the symptoms described. 
A)  The increase in tsetse flies has created more insect vectors for the kinetoplastid Trypanosoma brucei, resulting in more individuals struck by the sleeping sickness. 
B)  An increase in Trypanosoma brucei has provided the tsetse fly with an additional food supply, and the flies are now able to multiply more rapidly and bite more individuals. 
C)  Tsetse flies thrive on blood meals; their increase is a result of feeding on immunocompromised individuals. 
D)  Tsetse fly larvae attract water molds, resulting in contamination of the water supply and subsequent infection of humans by oomycete pathogens. 
E)  None of the above; the presence of the kinetoplastid Trypanosoma brucei is not related to the increase in the number of people suffering from the symptoms described.

Question 9

Which protist group includes species that are photosynthetic, multicellular, and many meters long?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alveolates 
B)  Excavates 
C)  Stramenopiles 
D)  Rhizarians 
E)  Amoebozoans 
A)  Alveolates 
B)  Excavates 
C)  Stramenopiles 
D)  Rhizarians 
E)  Amoebozoans

Question 10

Some dinoflagellates live endosymbiotically with coral.When dinoflagellates die, this contributes to coral bleaching.Their death has this result because dinoflagellates

Accepted Answer

A)  protect corals against parasites. 
B)  create a current with their flagella that brings microorganisms to feeding coral. 
C)  contribute to coral nutrition through photosynthesis. 
D)  create phosphorescence that attracts prey microorganisms to corals. 
E)  release toxins that immobilize microorganisms on which corals feed. 
A)  protect corals against parasites. 
B)  create a current with their flagella that brings microorganisms to feeding coral. 
C)  contribute to coral nutrition through photosynthesis. 
D)  create phosphorescence that attracts prey microorganisms to corals. 
E)  release toxins that immobilize microorganisms on which corals feed.

Question 11

Important developments in the evolution of the eukaryotic cell did not include

Accepted Answer

A)  the formation of ribosome-studded internal membranes. 
B)  the development of a digestive vacuole. 
C)  the loss of a stiff cell wall. 
D)  the blending of a cyanobacterial genome with an archaean genome. 
E)  the formation of a more complex cytoskeleton. 
A)  the formation of ribosome-studded internal membranes. 
B)  the development of a digestive vacuole. 
C)  the loss of a stiff cell wall. 
D)  the blending of a cyanobacterial genome with an archaean genome. 
E)  the formation of a more complex cytoskeleton.

Question 12

After a long vacation you return to find your goldfish has died.Its body is covered in white filaments that are resistant to the fungicide you added to the tank to prevent organisms with cell walls made of chitin from growing.The mystery filaments are likely part of which organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  A dinoflagellate 
B)  An oomycete 
C)  A diatom 
D)  A cellular slime mold 
E)  A plasmodial slime mold 
A)  A dinoflagellate 
B)  An oomycete 
C)  A diatom 
D)  A cellular slime mold 
E)  A plasmodial slime mold

Question 13

Many _______ deposit silica in their cell walls.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many _______ deposit silica in their cell...

Question 14

Dinoflagellates that live endosymbiotically in corals are useful to the corals because they

Accepted Answer

A)  photosynthesize. 
B)  ward off predators with their nematocysts. 
C)  produce toxic compounds that paralyze prey. 
D)  generate heat, allowing metabolic processes to take place more rapidly. 
E)  help with the diffusion of waste expelled by the coral. 
A)  photosynthesize. 
B)  ward off predators with their nematocysts. 
C)  produce toxic compounds that paralyze prey. 
D)  generate heat, allowing metabolic processes to take place more rapidly. 
E)  help with the diffusion of waste expelled by the coral.

Question 15

Which statement concerning protists is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some are primary producers eaten by animals and other protists. 
B)  They perform about one percent of all of photosynthetic carbon fixation on Earth. 
C)  The remains of some form sand on beaches. 
D)  Some are human pathogens. 
E)  Some are consumed by humans as nutritional supplements. 
A)  Some are primary producers eaten by animals and other protists. 
B)  They perform about one percent of all of photosynthetic carbon fixation on Earth. 
C)  The remains of some form sand on beaches. 
D)  Some are human pathogens. 
E)  Some are consumed by humans as nutritional supplements.

Question 16

_______ is a process in which certain organelles are the descendants of prokaryotes that were engulfed, but not digested, by ancient eukaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ is a process in which certain...

Question 17

You isolate an organism with two unequal flagella (one with hairs) that is encased in a shell made of silica.The group this organism most likely belongs to is the

Accepted Answer

A)  stramenopiles. 
B)  alveolites. 
C)  euglenids. 
D)  radiolarians. 
E)  rhizarians. 
A)  stramenopiles. 
B)  alveolites. 
C)  euglenids. 
D)  radiolarians. 
E)  rhizarians.

Question 18

Which type of unicellular organism would benefit most from having a flexible cell surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  A small prokaryote that obtains energy through photosynthesis 
B)  A small archaeal organism that obtains energy heterotrophically 
C)  An organism with a rigid cell wall 
D)  An organism that moves using flagella 
E)  A larger organism that obtains energy through phagocytosis 
A)  A small prokaryote that obtains energy through photosynthesis 
B)  A small archaeal organism that obtains energy heterotrophically 
C)  An organism with a rigid cell wall 
D)  An organism that moves using flagella 
E)  A larger organism that obtains energy through phagocytosis

Question 19

Species that form large toxic blooms in the ocean are

Accepted Answer

A)  dinoflagellates. 
B)  foraminiferans. 
C)  kinetoplastids. 
D)  paramecia. 
E)  euglenids. 
A)  dinoflagellates. 
B)  foraminiferans. 
C)  kinetoplastids. 
D)  paramecia. 
E)  euglenids.

Question 20

_______ shells aid scientists in two ways: (1) analysis of their chemical makeup can be used to estimate global temperatures during the geological period in which the shells were made, and (2) diversity in their shapes can help scientists classify and date sedimentary rocks.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ shells aid scientists in two ways:...

Exam 26: The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Which statement about oomycetes (water molds) is true and also explains why they are classified as protists and not fungi?

Which statement regarding the role of meiosis in plasmodial slime molds is true?

Prokaryotes do not obtain organelles by endosymbiosis, because they lack

Which of the following can be large enough that an individual organism is easily visible to the naked eye?

_______ secrete external shells of calcium carbonate, which formed much of the world's limestone, as used in the ancient pyramids of Egypt.Long pseudopods extend through pores in the shells for locomotion.

Which statement that does not describe a form of asexual reproduction found in protists.

Which statement regarding alternation of generations is true?

After a particularly warm and wet summer, there is a spike in the population of tsetse flies in a rural sub-Saharan village.Many of the inhabitants begin to complain of fever and aching muscles.What might be the cause of their suffering?

Which protist group includes species that are photosynthetic, multicellular, and many meters long?

Some dinoflagellates live endosymbiotically with coral.When dinoflagellates die, this contributes to coral bleaching.Their death has this result because dinoflagellates

Important developments in the evolution of the eukaryotic cell did not include

After a long vacation you return to find your goldfish has died.Its body is covered in white filaments that are resistant to the fungicide you added to the tank to prevent organisms with cell walls made of chitin from growing.The mystery filaments are likely part of which organism?

Many _______ deposit silica in their cell walls.

Dinoflagellates that live endosymbiotically in corals are useful to the corals because they

Which statement concerning protists is false?

_______ is a process in which certain organelles are the descendants of prokaryotes that were engulfed, but not digested, by ancient eukaryotic cells.

You isolate an organism with two unequal flagella (one with hairs) that is encased in a shell made of silica.The group this organism most likely belongs to is the

Which type of unicellular organism would benefit most from having a flexible cell surface?

Species that form large toxic blooms in the ocean are

_______ shells aid scientists in two ways: (1) analysis of their chemical makeup can be used to estimate global temperatures during the geological period in which the shells were made, and (2) diversity in their shapes can help scientists classify and date sedimentary rocks.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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