Question 1

Which of the following concerning protists is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most protists are terrestrial. 
B)  Some protists are planktonic. 
C)  Some protists are photosynthetic. 
D)  Some protists are parasitic. 
E)  Some protists live in soil water. 
A)  Most protists are terrestrial. 
B)  Some protists are planktonic. 
C)  Some protists are photosynthetic. 
D)  Some protists are parasitic. 
E)  Some protists live in soil water.

Question 2

Important developments in the evolution of the eukaryotic cell did not include

Accepted Answer

A)  a flexible cell membrane. 
B)  development of a complex cytoskeleton. 
C)  formation of a nuclear envelope. 
D)  loss of a stiff cell wall. 
E)  development of ribosomes. 
A)  a flexible cell membrane. 
B)  development of a complex cytoskeleton. 
C)  formation of a nuclear envelope. 
D)  loss of a stiff cell wall. 
E)  development of ribosomes.

Question 3

The excavates constitute a clade of eukaryotes that includes groups without mitochondria.Which of the following is the most convincing evidence that this absence of mitochondria is a derived condition resulting from a secondary loss?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a nuclear membrane in these organisms. 
B)  The cell membrane of these organisms is flexible and capable of phagocytosis. 
C)  Some of the nuclear genes of these organisms are normally associated with mitochondria. 
D)  In euglenids, a group in this clade with mitochondria, the mitochondria have distinctive disc-shaped cristae. 
E)  Other eukaryote clades have both chloroplasts and mitochondria. 
A)  There is a nuclear membrane in these organisms. 
B)  The cell membrane of these organisms is flexible and capable of phagocytosis. 
C)  Some of the nuclear genes of these organisms are normally associated with mitochondria. 
D)  In euglenids, a group in this clade with mitochondria, the mitochondria have distinctive disc-shaped cristae. 
E)  Other eukaryote clades have both chloroplasts and mitochondria.

Question 4

If you were trying to determine whether an amoebozoan was a plasmodial slime mold or a cellular slime mold, you could count the number of nuclei per cell; cellular slime molds have one, whereas plasmodial slime molds are _______, meaning they have many per cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you were trying to determine whether...

Question 5

_______ have thin pseudopods stiffened by microtubules, and they secrete glassy endoskeletons.

Accepted Answer

A)  Brown algae 
B)  Foraminiferans 
C)  Dinoflagellates 
D)  Diatoms 
E)  Radiolarians 
A)  Brown algae 
B)  Foraminiferans 
C)  Dinoflagellates 
D)  Diatoms 
E)  Radiolarians

Question 6

A clone is

Accepted Answer

A)  a group of diverse haploid organisms. 
B)  produced through conjugation. 
C)  nearly identical individuals created by asexual reproduction. 
D)  formed when gametes fuse. 
E)  an organism with two types of nuclei: macronucleus and micronucleus. 
A)  a group of diverse haploid organisms. 
B)  produced through conjugation. 
C)  nearly identical individuals created by asexual reproduction. 
D)  formed when gametes fuse. 
E)  an organism with two types of nuclei: macronucleus and micronucleus.

Question 7

Which diseases are caused by apicomplexans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Giardiasis and toxoplasmosis 
B)  Malaria and giardiasis 
C)  A human sexually transmitted disease and toxoplasmosis 
D)  Malaria and a human sexually transmitted disease 
E)  Malaria and toxoplasmosis 
A)  Giardiasis and toxoplasmosis 
B)  Malaria and giardiasis 
C)  A human sexually transmitted disease and toxoplasmosis 
D)  Malaria and a human sexually transmitted disease 
E)  Malaria and toxoplasmosis

Question 8

Without pseudopods, _______ would have a reduced surface area and most likely sink in their marine environment-this would be disadvantageous for the photosynthetic dinoflagellates living within them, since less light penetrates the ocean's depths and there would be less energy to drive CO2 fixation.

Accepted Answer

Question 9

Which example best demonstrates the importance of sex (or genetic recombination) in protists?

Accepted Answer

A)  In Paramecium, if conjugation does not occur, clones typically survive only 350 rounds of cell division. 
B)  Plasmodial slime molds become dormant during unfavorable conditions and can only be revived by the fusion of male and female gametes. 
C)  Euglenids produce new individuals primarily through binary fission. 
D)  The vegetative cells of oomycetes lack flagella and need to enter a reproductive state in order to migrate to new hosts. 
E)  In Paramecium, reproduction can only occur after exchange of genetic material. 
A)  In Paramecium, if conjugation does not occur, clones typically survive only 350 rounds of cell division. 
B)  Plasmodial slime molds become dormant during unfavorable conditions and can only be revived by the fusion of male and female gametes. 
C)  Euglenids produce new individuals primarily through binary fission. 
D)  The vegetative cells of oomycetes lack flagella and need to enter a reproductive state in order to migrate to new hosts. 
E)  In Paramecium, reproduction can only occur after exchange of genetic material.

Question 10

The chloroplasts of red algae have a characteristic color because the red algae

Accepted Answer

A)  obtained their chloroplast by secondary endosymbiosis. 
B)  retain certain pigments from the original prokaryote symbiont lost in green algae and plants. 
C)  acquired red pigments from a red tide. 
D)  have a peptidoglycan-containing cell wall. 
E)  have a thick cell wall that refracts the chlorophyll color. 
A)  obtained their chloroplast by secondary endosymbiosis. 
B)  retain certain pigments from the original prokaryote symbiont lost in green algae and plants. 
C)  acquired red pigments from a red tide. 
D)  have a peptidoglycan-containing cell wall. 
E)  have a thick cell wall that refracts the chlorophyll color.

Question 11

Refer to the figure.   What are the organisms shown in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diatoms 
B)  Radiolarians 
C)  Euglenids 
D)  Foraminiferans 
E)  Apicomplexans 
A)  Diatoms 
B)  Radiolarians 
C)  Euglenids 
D)  Foraminiferans 
E)  Apicomplexans

Question 12

Support the statement that some protists separate the sexual process of genetic recombination from reproduction.

Accepted Answer

There are a number of examples that can

Question 13

You are looking at a plankton sample and find a single-celled organism with a glassy internal skeleton that gives it an elaborate geometric shape.Photosynthetic endosymbionts within the organism give it a greenish golden color.This organism is most likely a

Accepted Answer

A)  dinoflagellate. 
B)  plasmodial slime mold. 
C)  radiolarian. 
D)  diatom. 
E)  coral. 
A)  dinoflagellate. 
B)  plasmodial slime mold. 
C)  radiolarian. 
D)  diatom. 
E)  coral.

Question 14

Which statement is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  In some protists, such as ciliates, meiosis does not produce gametes. 
B)  New mutations that can arise during DNA replication cause differences in asexually produced offspring. 
C)  Clonal lineages are asexually reproduced groups of nearly identical organisms. 
D)  In some protists, the zygote is the only haploid cell. 
E)  In some protists, the gametes are the only haploid cells. 
A)  In some protists, such as ciliates, meiosis does not produce gametes. 
B)  New mutations that can arise during DNA replication cause differences in asexually produced offspring. 
C)  Clonal lineages are asexually reproduced groups of nearly identical organisms. 
D)  In some protists, the zygote is the only haploid cell. 
E)  In some protists, the gametes are the only haploid cells.

Question 15

Which statement about dinoflagellates is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have elaborate shells composed of calcium carbonate. 
B)  They produce red tides that are toxic to shellfish. 
C)  They are important primary producers in plankton. 
D)  They contribute an important component of atmospheric oxygen. 
E)  They are common endosymbionts in both animals and other protists. 
A)  They have elaborate shells composed of calcium carbonate. 
B)  They produce red tides that are toxic to shellfish. 
C)  They are important primary producers in plankton. 
D)  They contribute an important component of atmospheric oxygen. 
E)  They are common endosymbionts in both animals and other protists.

Question 16

Refer to the figure.   This phylogenetic tree shows the predicted evolutionary relationships between protists and other eukaryotes.Based on the tree, you can infer that

Accepted Answer

A)  the Animals group is more closely related to Amoebozoans than either is to Plantae. 
B)  the Rhizaria group is more closely related to Fungi than Stramenopiles is. 
C)  Alveolates and Stramenopiles are more closely related to each other than Stramenopiles and Rhizaria. 
D)  Excavates are more closely related to Amoebozoans than Plantae is. 
E)  Plantae is more closely related to Excavates than Amoebozoans is. 
A)  the Animals group is more closely related to Amoebozoans than either is to Plantae. 
B)  the Rhizaria group is more closely related to Fungi than Stramenopiles is. 
C)  Alveolates and Stramenopiles are more closely related to each other than Stramenopiles and Rhizaria. 
D)  Excavates are more closely related to Amoebozoans than Plantae is. 
E)  Plantae is more closely related to Excavates than Amoebozoans is.

Question 17

_______ possess(es) contractile vacuoles, which enable water balance in _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  The malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium; red blood cells 
B)  Foraminiferans; salt water 
C)  Ciliates; fresh water 
D)  Kelp; salt water 
E)  Radiolarians; salt water 
A)  The malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium; red blood cells 
B)  Foraminiferans; salt water 
C)  Ciliates; fresh water 
D)  Kelp; salt water 
E)  Radiolarians; salt water

Question 18

The malaria-causing organism Plasmodium is a member of the group called Apicomplexans, which

Accepted Answer

A)  are all parasites. 
B)  have simple life cycles. 
C)  contain multiple contractile vacuoles. 
D)  typically have a single host. 
E)  reproduce only asexually. 
A)  are all parasites. 
B)  have simple life cycles. 
C)  contain multiple contractile vacuoles. 
D)  typically have a single host. 
E)  reproduce only asexually.

Question 19

With respect to the ciliate genus Paramecium, which statement is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The micronuclei are typical eukaryotic nuclei. 
B)  The micronuclei are essential for genetic recombination. 
C)  Each macronucleus contains many copies of the genetic information, packaged in units that each contain very few genes. 
D)  The micronuclear DNA is transcribed and translated to regulate the life of the cell. 
E)  Micronuclei are exchanged during conjugation. 
A)  The micronuclei are typical eukaryotic nuclei. 
B)  The micronuclei are essential for genetic recombination. 
C)  Each macronucleus contains many copies of the genetic information, packaged in units that each contain very few genes. 
D)  The micronuclear DNA is transcribed and translated to regulate the life of the cell. 
E)  Micronuclei are exchanged during conjugation.

Question 20

Which of the following is not a means of locomotion in protists?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amoeboid motion using pseudopods 
B)  Cilia, allowing movement both forward and backward 
C)  Flagella to push or pull a cell forward 
D)  Propulsion by means of expelling water from the contractile vacuole 
E)  Undulating membranes in parabasalids 
A)  Amoeboid motion using pseudopods 
B)  Cilia, allowing movement both forward and backward 
C)  Flagella to push or pull a cell forward 
D)  Propulsion by means of expelling water from the contractile vacuole 
E)  Undulating membranes in parabasalids

Exam 26: The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Which of the following concerning protists is false?

Important developments in the evolution of the eukaryotic cell did not include

The excavates constitute a clade of eukaryotes that includes groups without mitochondria.Which of the following is the most convincing evidence that this absence of mitochondria is a derived condition resulting from a secondary loss?

If you were trying to determine whether an amoebozoan was a plasmodial slime mold or a cellular slime mold, you could count the number of nuclei per cell; cellular slime molds have one, whereas plasmodial slime molds are _______, meaning they have many per cell.

_______ have thin pseudopods stiffened by microtubules, and they secrete glassy endoskeletons.

A clone is

Which diseases are caused by apicomplexans?

Which example best demonstrates the importance of sex (or genetic recombination) in protists?

The chloroplasts of red algae have a characteristic color because the red algae

Refer to the figure. What are the organisms shown in the figure?

Support the statement that some protists separate the sexual process of genetic recombination from reproduction.

You are looking at a plankton sample and find a single-celled organism with a glassy internal skeleton that gives it an elaborate geometric shape.Photosynthetic endosymbionts within the organism give it a greenish golden color.This organism is most likely a

Which statement is false?

Which statement about dinoflagellates is false?

Refer to the figure. This phylogenetic tree shows the predicted evolutionary relationships between protists and other eukaryotes.Based on the tree, you can infer that

_______ possess(es) contractile vacuoles, which enable water balance in _______.

The malaria-causing organism Plasmodium is a member of the group called Apicomplexans, which

With respect to the ciliate genus Paramecium, which statement is false?

Which of the following is not a means of locomotion in protists?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters

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