Exam 26: The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Draw the complex life cycle of the apicomplexan responsible for malaria.Be sure to indicate which hosts contain which cell types of Plasmodium, as well as the ploidy of each of those cells.

The many organisms designated as protists are

Which of the following are protists harboring endosymbionts that produce a greenish or gold color in the host?

Draw a phylogenetic tree that demonstrates the relationships among Archaea, Bacteria, and eukaryotes.Expand the eukaryotic branch to include Plantae, Animals, Fungi, and one additional protist group.

Which statement is false as it relates to diploid protists?

A whitish, cottony mold growing on dead fish or dead insects in water is likely to be produced by a(n)

Refer to the gene tree shown. Ribosomal RNA genes are present in the nuclear genomes of eukaryotes.There are also rRNA genes in the genomes of mitochondria and chloroplasts.Therefore photosynthetic eukaryotes have three different sets of rRNA genes, which encode the structural RNA of three separate sets of ribosomes.Translation of each genome takes place on its own set of ribosomes.The gene tree shows the evolutionary relationships among rRNA gene sequences isolated from the nuclear genomes of humans, yeast, and corn; from an archaeal species (Halobacterium), a proteobacterium (E.coli), and a cyanobacterium (Chlorobium); and from the mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes of corn. If you were to sequence the rRNA genes from human and yeast mitochondrial genomes, where would you expect these two sequences to fit on the gene tree?

Organelles called trichocysts are _______ organelles, and occur in _______.

A eukaryotic cell can exchange materials with its environment rapidly enough to sustain a larger volume and more rapid metabolism than a prokaryote, as a result of a

_______ are small _______ that use pseudopods to engulf small organisms and particles of organic matter.Some live in secreted shells (tests) or casings from sand particles glued together.

Ability of protists to increase their surface area for gas and nutrient exchange is conferred by

You are examining a sample of salt water and see a single-celled organism with a cell wall constructed of two pieces.The top piece overlaps the bottom piece.The cell wall is impregnated with silica and has an intricate pattern.You are most likely looking at a

Refer to the table. In most temperate regions of the oceans, there is a spring bloom of phytoplankton.Although the red tide blooms are harmful, phytoplankton blooms can also be beneficial for marine communities.In fact, many species of marine life depend on these blooms for their survival.The dates of spring phytoplankton blooms near the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada, were determined by examining remote satellite images.The table shows these dates as deviations from the mean date of the spring bloom in this region; it also gives the survival index for larval haddock (an important commercial fish) for the year after each bloom.The survival index is the ratio of the mass of juvenile fish to the mass of mature fish; higher values indicate better survival of larval fish. Plot the survival index of larval haddock against the deviation in the date of the spring phytoplankton bloom.Calculate a correlation coefficient for their relationship (see Appendix B in the textbook).

Which anatomical feature of eukaryotes played the biggest role in their success in high levels of atmospheric oxygen?

Which of the following statements about plasmodial slime molds is false?

Paramecia have an elaborate sexual behavior called _______ in which sexual recombination, but not sexual reproduction, occurs.

A Paramecium individual contains two types of nuclei: a large macronucleus and as many as 80 micronuclei.The micronuclei are typical eukaryotic nuclei and are essential for genetic recombination.The macronucleus

Exchange of alleles without production of new individuals occurs during

Ciliates, such as Paramecium, often contain two kinds of nuclei, a single _______ with DNA that is translated and transcribed, and several micronuclei, which are typical eukaryotic nuclei.

Refer to the diagram, which shows the role of vacuoles in ciliate digestion. The figure illustrates an experiment designed to determine whether Paramecium digests food in an acidic environment.This organism most likely _______ and is _______.