Question 1

Which of the following statements about the insular cortex is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The insular cortex integrates diverse information to produce a sensation of how the body feels. 
B)  Damage to the insular cortex causes apathy. 
C)  The insular cortex communicates with brain areas involved in planning and decision making. 
D)  The insular cortex is greatly expanded in species that can recognize themselves in a mirror. 
E)  The insular cortex is greatly expanded in terrestrial but not aquatic vertebrates. 
A)  The insular cortex integrates diverse information to produce a sensation of how the body feels. 
B)  Damage to the insular cortex causes apathy. 
C)  The insular cortex communicates with brain areas involved in planning and decision making. 
D)  The insular cortex is greatly expanded in species that can recognize themselves in a mirror. 
E)  The insular cortex is greatly expanded in terrestrial but not aquatic vertebrates.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the receptive field of a retinal ganglion cell is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no overlap with the receptive fields of neighboring ganglion cells. 
B)  The ganglion cell receives input from one rod or cone cell. 
C)  The receptive field depends on connections of horizontal and bipolar cells. 
D)  A signal at the edge of the receptive field is more significant than one from the center. 
E)  The receptive field is defined by signals from neighboring ganglion cells. 
A)  There is no overlap with the receptive fields of neighboring ganglion cells. 
B)  The ganglion cell receives input from one rod or cone cell. 
C)  The receptive field depends on connections of horizontal and bipolar cells. 
D)  A signal at the edge of the receptive field is more significant than one from the center. 
E)  The receptive field is defined by signals from neighboring ganglion cells.

Question 3

The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system can be distinguished by their anatomy, neurotransmitters, and actions.Which of the following is not associated with the parasympathetic division?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased activity of the digestive tract 
B)  Acetylcholine 
C)  Constriction of pupils 
D)  Fight-or-flight response 
E)  Location of ganglia close to target organs 
A)  Increased activity of the digestive tract 
B)  Acetylcholine 
C)  Constriction of pupils 
D)  Fight-or-flight response 
E)  Location of ganglia close to target organs

Question 4

Early in the embryonic development of a vertebrate, the neural tube forms.This tube will later develop into all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  the hindbrain. 
B)  the heart. 
C)  the midbrain. 
D)  the spinal cord. 
E)  the forebrain. 
A)  the hindbrain. 
B)  the heart. 
C)  the midbrain. 
D)  the spinal cord. 
E)  the forebrain.

Question 5

Refer to the figure.   The figure shows the language areas of the cortex involved in repeating a heard word.Damage to which of the four numbered brain regions would leave a person without the ability to understand spoken language?

Accepted Answer

Damage to Wernicke's area (2)

Question 6

All of the following characterize the cerebrum except

Accepted Answer

A)  consists of right and left cerebral hemispheres. 
B)  has an inner layer called the cerebral cortex. 
C)  increases in size and complexity from fishes to mammals. 
D)  develops from the embryonic forebrain, specifically the telencephalon. 
E)  plays a role in sensory perception and conscious behavior. 
A)  consists of right and left cerebral hemispheres. 
B)  has an inner layer called the cerebral cortex. 
C)  increases in size and complexity from fishes to mammals. 
D)  develops from the embryonic forebrain, specifically the telencephalon. 
E)  plays a role in sensory perception and conscious behavior.

Question 7

If you are looking at a pen that you are holding to the right of your visual field, the information about the image of the pen that is detected by the right eye will be processed by the

Accepted Answer

A)  left visual cortex. 
B)  visual cortex on both sides of the brain. 
C)  right visual cortex. 
D)  optic chiasm. 
E)  left optic nerve. 
A)  left visual cortex. 
B)  visual cortex on both sides of the brain. 
C)  right visual cortex. 
D)  optic chiasm. 
E)  left optic nerve.

Question 8

The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system can be distinguished by their anatomy, neurotransmitters, and actions.Which of the following is not associated with the sympathetic division?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetylcholine 
B)  Increased heart rate 
C)  Relaxed airways 
D)  Increased activity of the digestive tract 
E)  Chain-like arrangement of ganglia 
A)  Acetylcholine 
B)  Increased heart rate 
C)  Relaxed airways 
D)  Increased activity of the digestive tract 
E)  Chain-like arrangement of ganglia

Question 9

Choose the incorrect match between lobe of the cerebrum and function:

Accepted Answer

A)  insular; receives somatosensory information and information about social interactions 
B)  frontal; controls muscles 
C)  temporal; contributes to personality, feeling, and planning 
D)  parietal; receives touch and pressure information 
E)  occipital; receives and processes visual information 
A)  insular; receives somatosensory information and information about social interactions 
B)  frontal; controls muscles 
C)  temporal; contributes to personality, feeling, and planning 
D)  parietal; receives touch and pressure information 
E)  occipital; receives and processes visual information

Question 10

Damage to Broca's area can produce deficits in

Accepted Answer

A)  language comprehension. 
B)  speech production. 
C)  the ability to recognize faces. 
D)  the ability to read. 
E)  hearing. 
A)  language comprehension. 
B)  speech production. 
C)  the ability to recognize faces. 
D)  the ability to read. 
E)  hearing.

Question 11

Axons from neurons in nuclei of the reticular-activating system of the brainstem extend to the thalamus and throughout the _______, where they release neurotransmitters that maintain brain responsiveness when we are awake.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Axons from neurons in nuclei of the...

Question 12

At the time of your oral presentation to the class, your mouth suddenly becomes incredibly dry, making it difficult to speak.This response results from

Accepted Answer

A)  the effects of acetylcholine on salivary gland cells. 
B)  stimulation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. 
C)  stimulation of preganglionic neurons coming from cranial nerves. 
D)  stimulation of noradrenergic neurons coming from the celiac ganglion. 
E)  stimulation of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. 
A)  the effects of acetylcholine on salivary gland cells. 
B)  stimulation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. 
C)  stimulation of preganglionic neurons coming from cranial nerves. 
D)  stimulation of noradrenergic neurons coming from the celiac ganglion. 
E)  stimulation of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.

Question 13

If you ask a person to tell you about the cruise she just went on, what type of memory does she access to describe it?

Accepted Answer

A)  Observational 
B)  Declarative 
C)  Short-term 
D)  Conditioned 
E)  Immediate 
A)  Observational 
B)  Declarative 
C)  Short-term 
D)  Conditioned 
E)  Immediate

Question 14

Which structures develop from the embryonic hindbrain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Medulla; pons; cerebrum 
B)  Thalamus; hypothalamus 
C)  Association cortex; limbic system 
D)  Amygdala; hippocampus 
E)  Medulla; pons; cerebellum 
A)  Medulla; pons; cerebrum 
B)  Thalamus; hypothalamus 
C)  Association cortex; limbic system 
D)  Amygdala; hippocampus 
E)  Medulla; pons; cerebellum

Question 15

The diencephalon and telencephalon develop from the embryonic

Accepted Answer

A)  midbrain. 
B)  cranial nerves. 
C)  spinal nerves. 
D)  forebrain. 
E)  hindbrain. 
A)  midbrain. 
B)  cranial nerves. 
C)  spinal nerves. 
D)  forebrain. 
E)  hindbrain.

Question 16

The peripheral nervous system has four divisions: two that carry information from the periphery to the central nervous system and two that carry information from the central nervous system out to the periphery.Which of the following statements about these divisions is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Afferent information can be both conscious and unconscious. 
B)  Efferent information can be both voluntary and involuntary. 
C)  The involuntary division is also called the autonomic division. 
D)  Conscious afferents carry information from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles. 
E)  We are usually unconscious of the information involved in physiological regulation. 
A)  Afferent information can be both conscious and unconscious. 
B)  Efferent information can be both voluntary and involuntary. 
C)  The involuntary division is also called the autonomic division. 
D)  Conscious afferents carry information from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles. 
E)  We are usually unconscious of the information involved in physiological regulation.

Question 17

The _______, which develops from the _______, is the final relay station that directs the flow of sensory information to the telencephalon.

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum; diencephalon 
B)  cerebellum; hindbrain 
C)  pons; midbrain 
D)  hypothalamus; midbrain 
E)  thalamus; forebrain 
A)  cerebrum; diencephalon 
B)  cerebellum; hindbrain 
C)  pons; midbrain 
D)  hypothalamus; midbrain 
E)  thalamus; forebrain

Question 18

The question "What is consciousness?" has so far not been answered, despite many advancements in research.All of the following have been proposed as important for consciousness except:

Accepted Answer

A)  a perception of self. 
B)  awareness of your environment. 
C)  an inability to make decisions based on value systems. 
D)  the ability to make decisions based on past experiences. 
E)  the ability to plan future events. 
A)  a perception of self. 
B)  awareness of your environment. 
C)  an inability to make decisions based on value systems. 
D)  the ability to make decisions based on past experiences. 
E)  the ability to plan future events.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the development and organization of the vertebrate central nervous system is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Whereas cranial nerves emerge from the forebrain, spinal nerves emerge from the spinal cord. 
B)  The brainstem consists of the pons, medulla, and midbrain. 
C)  The hypothalamus develops from the forebrain and controls the pituitary gland. 
D)  Breathing and swallowing are controlled by the medulla and pons, which develop from the hindbrain. 
E)  All information moving from the spinal cord to higher brain areas must pass through the brainstem. 
A)  Whereas cranial nerves emerge from the forebrain, spinal nerves emerge from the spinal cord. 
B)  The brainstem consists of the pons, medulla, and midbrain. 
C)  The hypothalamus develops from the forebrain and controls the pituitary gland. 
D)  Breathing and swallowing are controlled by the medulla and pons, which develop from the hindbrain. 
E)  All information moving from the spinal cord to higher brain areas must pass through the brainstem.

Question 20

Damage to the embryonic telencephalon could affect development of the _______, which plays major roles in _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum; learning and memory 
B)  cerebellum; coordination and balance 
C)  hypothalamus; controlling the pituitary gland 
D)  pons; regulating breathing 
E)  thalamus; conscious behavior 
A)  cerebrum; learning and memory 
B)  cerebellum; coordination and balance 
C)  hypothalamus; controlling the pituitary gland 
D)  pons; regulating breathing 
E)  thalamus; conscious behavior

Exam 46: The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Which of the following statements about the insular cortex is false?

Which of the following statements about the receptive field of a retinal ganglion cell is true?

The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system can be distinguished by their anatomy, neurotransmitters, and actions.Which of the following is not associated with the parasympathetic division?

Early in the embryonic development of a vertebrate, the neural tube forms.This tube will later develop into all of the following except

Refer to the figure. The figure shows the language areas of the cortex involved in repeating a heard word.Damage to which of the four numbered brain regions would leave a person without the ability to understand spoken language?

All of the following characterize the cerebrum except

If you are looking at a pen that you are holding to the right of your visual field, the information about the image of the pen that is detected by the right eye will be processed by the

The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system can be distinguished by their anatomy, neurotransmitters, and actions.Which of the following is not associated with the sympathetic division?

Choose the incorrect match between lobe of the cerebrum and function:

Damage to Broca's area can produce deficits in

Axons from neurons in nuclei of the reticular-activating system of the brainstem extend to the thalamus and throughout the _______, where they release neurotransmitters that maintain brain responsiveness when we are awake.

At the time of your oral presentation to the class, your mouth suddenly becomes incredibly dry, making it difficult to speak.This response results from

If you ask a person to tell you about the cruise she just went on, what type of memory does she access to describe it?

Which structures develop from the embryonic hindbrain?

The diencephalon and telencephalon develop from the embryonic

The peripheral nervous system has four divisions: two that carry information from the periphery to the central nervous system and two that carry information from the central nervous system out to the periphery.Which of the following statements about these divisions is false?

The _______, which develops from the _______, is the final relay station that directs the flow of sensory information to the telencephalon.

The question "What is consciousness?" has so far not been answered, despite many advancements in research.All of the following have been proposed as important for consciousness except:

Which of the following statements about the development and organization of the vertebrate central nervous system is false?

Damage to the embryonic telencephalon could affect development of the _______, which plays major roles in _______.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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The _, which develops from the _, is the final relay station that directs the flow of sensory information to the telencephalon.

Damage to the embryonic telencephalon could affect development of the _, which plays major roles in _.