Exam 4: Section 2: Learning

In the Little Albert study, fear of the white rat is to _____ as fear of the loud noise is to _____.

Sam is trying to condition his dog to salivate to a bell. He rings the bell and immediately after, while the bell is still ringing, he places food in the dog's mouth. Sam is using _____ conditioning.

Leslie has recently taken a job selling magazine subscriptions. She is paid $25 for every 10 subscriptions she sells. Leslie is being paid on a _____ schedule.

Carrie is paid a commission for every 10 boxes of candy she sells, illustrating a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

When behavioral psychologists reinforce successive approximations to the desired response, they are using the process of _____.

Negative reinforcement _____ a behavior by removing an _____ stimulus.

Caroline became extremely nauseous on a recent airplane trip because significant air turbulence produced a very bumpy ride. Caroline was surprised to feel nauseous when she saw a picture of an airplane in a magazine. According to the principles of classical conditioning, Caroline is likely experiencing which of the following?

According to classical conditioning, an increase in heart rate whenever you hear scary music would be labeled a(n) _____.

Concerning operant conditioning, punisher refers to _____ and punishment refers to a _____.

A flat cumulative record indicates that _____ has taken place.

Tony is watching TV and sees a commercial in which Michael Jordan, whom he likes very much, is promoting athletic shoes. Tony decides he likes the athletic shoes after watching this commercial. In this example, Michael Jordan is the _____ and the athletic shoes are the _____

David looks forward to the weekends when he is permitted to drive his Dad's car. When David comes home several hours after his curfew, his Dad tells him that he will not be permitted to drive the car for a month. In this example, not driving the car is BEST associated with which process?

Extinction is the disappearance of the _____.

According to principles of operant conditioning, positive = _____ and negative = ____.

Susan's cats salivate when she shakes their box of kitty treats. In this case, the treats serve as the _____.

Partial schedules of reinforcement _____.

The drive-reduction theory of motivation suggests we are _____ into action by _____.

Whenever Angela wants her boyfriend's attention, she starts an argument with him. He angrily responds with a negative comment about Angela's behavior. In this example, the negative comment is an example of _____ that, according to operant conditioning principles, will _____ the probability of Angela's starting another argument.

In Watson's study, the white rat was the _____ and the loud noise was the _____.

Which of the following is the BEST example of a secondary reinforcer?