Exam 4: A: Learning

You decide that you are going to condition your dog to salivate to the sound of a bell.You sound the bell and then several minutes later you give the dog a biscuit.You do this several times but no conditioning seems to occur.This is probably because _________.

Conditioned emotional responses are some of the easiest forms of classical conditioning to accomplish,as demonstrated by the fact that our lives are so full of them.

A Skinner box is most likely to be used in research on ______.

Bob has learned that he can usually get what he wants from his parents if he keeps whining for something.One day Bob starts whining in the toy store because he wants a GI JOE action figure.His father refuses to give it to him and ignores his whining.What will happen?

The tendency to respond to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus is called _____________.

A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that is ___________and,thus,________ the probability of a response.

A child is wetting his or her bed.According to our textbook,punishing the child would be the best way to permanently stop this behavior.You would recommend that the child be given no food on the day after a bedwetting incident.This is because negative punishment is guaranteed to stop bad behaviors.

A mother tells a young child that when her father comes home,he will spank her because she was bad.One negative consequence of this punishment is that _________.

While watching the evening news you see a story about domestic abuse and wonder "why would anyone stay in a relationship where they are being abused?" According to Seligman,one factor that may contribute to victim's staying in abusive relationships is _____________________.

A change in behavior that is relatively permanent and brought about by experience is commonly referred to by psychologists as acquisition behavior.

Seligman expanded his theory of learned helplessness to explain__________.

In order to treat a child's attention problems in a classroom,a technique that uses the EEG and video-game-style technology called _____________ has been employed.

Olivia is punished for spilling her cereal.Her parents give her a spanking and send her to her room where she cries.Later,her puppy makes a mess on the floor.Olivia kicks her puppy and puts it out in the yard where it whines sadly.Which of the following statements explains her behavior toward the puppy?

Pavlov conditioned a dog to salivate at a bell sound that was paired with a meat stimulus.After the CS-UCS linkage was strongly established,Pavlov then presented the dog with several flashes of a light followed by the bell sound.After a few days,when the light flashes were presented by themselves,the dog salivated.This is an example of ___________.

A Congressional hearing is taking place in Washington,DC.The representatives are discussing whether the portrayals of violence on children's TV shows are perhaps contributing to the violence we see in schools today.The work of what psychologist is most relevant to their discussions?

The Brelands tried to condition pigs to work in show business.This turned out not to be easy as the pigs tended to make instinctual responses as compared to the learned responses.

The concept of latent learning was developed by ______.

_____________ is an operant-conditioning procedure in which successive approximations of a desired response are reinforced.

In the "Little Albert" study,the fear-producing stimulus used as a UCS was the ______.

Biofeedback training is an application that uses the principles of operant conditioning.