Exam 4: A: Learning

A ____________________ reinforcer,such as money or praise,gets its value through an association with a ____________________ reinforcer.

After a CS comes to elicit the CR,the CS now can be paired with a new neutral stimulus and this second neutral stimulus will start to elicit a CR.This process is called _______________.

Watson's experiment with Little Albert demonstrated that fears might be __________.

Which is the most important characteristic of a food that is linked to a conditioned taste aversion for birds?

In Pavlov's classic experiments,the repeated presentations of the bell along with the food was called the _______________ step of the classical conditioning process.

Cheryl is trying to teach her son to do the laundry by watching her.According to observational learning theory,to be effective what must occur?

Michael grows up in a home where his father is generally unloving toward his mother.He observes his father yell and degrade his mother,and he notices that his mother never resists this treatment.Based on the work of Bandura,what might we predict about Michael's own relationships when he is older?

John Watson offered a live,white rat to Little Albert and then made a loud noise behind his head by striking a steel bar with a hammer.The white rat served as the __________________ in his study.

Rescorla's modern conceptualization of classical conditioning is based on the idea that ______________.

When Pavlov placed meat powder or other food in the mouths of canine subjects,they began to salivate.The salivation was a(n)____________.

When the number of responses is important to a schedule of reinforcement,that schedule is called a _____________ schedule.

Miranda notices that her cat salivates as soon as her cat hears the sound of the electric can opener.In this example,the sound of the can opener is the ______________.

Changes controlled by a genetic blueprint,such as an increase in height or the size of the brain,are examples of ___________________.

One might expect that classical conditioning was discovered by a psychologist.However,it was discovered by a ____________.

Current views of conditioning by psychologists,such as Rescorla,indicate that learning is completely automatic and has nothing to do with cognitive processes.

Skinner was to rats as Thorndike was to _____________________.

Which letters correspond to the four elements of modeling from Bandura's theory?

__________ is any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice.

Which type of learning occurs when we observe how other people act?

The abbreviation UCS stands for ____________.