Question 1

Which category of children is MOST likely to have difficulties in the academic domain?

Accepted Answer

A)  popular 
B)  neglected 
C)  average 
D)  aggressive-rejected 
A)  popular 
B)  neglected 
C)  average 
D)  aggressive-rejected

Question 2

Children who are the target of their peers' aggression and demeaning behaviour are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  rejected. 
B)  victimized. 
C)  withdrawn. 
D)  wimps. 
A)  rejected. 
B)  victimized. 
C)  withdrawn. 
D)  wimps.

Question 3

Compared to boys in late elementary school, their female peers report that their friendships:

Accepted Answer

A)  are less likely to make them feel important and special. 
B)  are less likely to provide help and guidance. 
C)  have similar levels of conflict. 
D)  have similar quality of resolutions to conflict. 
A)  are less likely to make them feel important and special. 
B)  are less likely to provide help and guidance. 
C)  have similar levels of conflict. 
D)  have similar quality of resolutions to conflict.

Question 4

Compared to their peers, the central figures in school-age children's cliques tend to be all of these EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  studious. 
B)  leaders. 
C)  dominant. 
D)  cooperative. 
A)  studious. 
B)  leaders. 
C)  dominant. 
D)  cooperative.

Question 5

Observations by Freud and Dann of the group of six German-Jewish children who were orphaned during Hitler's regime and then were sent to live together in a shelter in Britain demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

A)  separations from consistent caregivers have no lasting effects for relationships with adults when supportive peer relationships exist. 
B)  relationships with peers can help young children develop some of the social and emotional capacities usually developed in the context of parent‒child relationships. 
C)  separations from consistent caregivers cause children to become delinquent and psychotic. 
D)  peer relationships can more than compensate for a lack of caregiver‒child attachment, since peers can share greater intimacy and trust. 
A)  separations from consistent caregivers have no lasting effects for relationships with adults when supportive peer relationships exist. 
B)  relationships with peers can help young children develop some of the social and emotional capacities usually developed in the context of parent‒child relationships. 
C)  separations from consistent caregivers cause children to become delinquent and psychotic. 
D)  peer relationships can more than compensate for a lack of caregiver‒child attachment, since peers can share greater intimacy and trust.

Question 6

In Canada, what is true of inter-ethnic friendships?

Accepted Answer

A)  These friendships tend to be more stable than in-ethnic friendships. 
B)  These friendships tend to last longer than in-ethnic friendships. 
C)  These friendships tend to last for shorter periods than in-ethnic friendships. 
D)  These friendships have not been found to affect tolerance for diversity. 
A)  These friendships tend to be more stable than in-ethnic friendships. 
B)  These friendships tend to last longer than in-ethnic friendships. 
C)  These friendships tend to last for shorter periods than in-ethnic friendships. 
D)  These friendships have not been found to affect tolerance for diversity.

Question 7

Adolescents who are sociometrically popular differ from sociometrically average children in all of these ways EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  level of assertive aggressiveness. 
B)  attractiveness. 
C)  sociability. 
D)  emotional regulation. 
A)  level of assertive aggressiveness. 
B)  attractiveness. 
C)  sociability. 
D)  emotional regulation.

Question 8

Which statement about co-rumination in friendships is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are gender differences in the content, but not in the amount, of co-rumination in boys' and girls' friendships. 
B)  Girls who are anxious or depressed are more susceptible to the negative effects of co-rumination. 
C)  Co-rumination leads to increased conflict and decreased feelings of intimacy in friendships. 
D)  All of these statements are true. 
A)  There are gender differences in the content, but not in the amount, of co-rumination in boys' and girls' friendships. 
B)  Girls who are anxious or depressed are more susceptible to the negative effects of co-rumination. 
C)  Co-rumination leads to increased conflict and decreased feelings of intimacy in friendships. 
D)  All of these statements are true.

Question 9

To assess sociometric status, children are asked to list:

Accepted Answer

A)  their best friends. 
B)  the popular and unpopular kids. 
C)  the peers they like the best and the peers they like the least. 
D)  the peers they like the least. 
A)  their best friends. 
B)  the popular and unpopular kids. 
C)  the peers they like the best and the peers they like the least. 
D)  the peers they like the least.

Question 10

Children with cross-racial or cross-ethnic friendships tend to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  of low peer-group status. 
B)  prone to disruptive behaviour. 
C)  socially competent. 
D)  no different from children with only same-race and same-ethnicity friends. 
A)  of low peer-group status. 
B)  prone to disruptive behaviour. 
C)  socially competent. 
D)  no different from children with only same-race and same-ethnicity friends.

Question 11

Sociometric status refers to how:

Accepted Answer

A)  wealthy a child's family is. 
B)  well accepted a child is by the peer group. 
C)  many friends a child has. 
D)  many reciprocal best friends a child has. 
A)  wealthy a child's family is. 
B)  well accepted a child is by the peer group. 
C)  many friends a child has. 
D)  many reciprocal best friends a child has.

Question 12

Which hypothesis regarding adolescents' peer relationships and online social communication has received the LEAST support from research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Online communication impairs the quality of existing friendships. 
B)  Online communication is beneficial for lonely and depressed youths. 
C)  In terms of the impact of online communication on peer relationships, the "rich get richer." 
D)  Online communication enhances the closeness of peer relationships. 
A)  Online communication impairs the quality of existing friendships. 
B)  Online communication is beneficial for lonely and depressed youths. 
C)  In terms of the impact of online communication on peer relationships, the "rich get richer." 
D)  Online communication enhances the closeness of peer relationships.

Question 13

By definition, pretend play involves:

Accepted Answer

A)  imaginary companions. 
B)  taking the role of another person or character. 
C)  symbolic actions. 
D)  cooperating with another child. 
A)  imaginary companions. 
B)  taking the role of another person or character. 
C)  symbolic actions. 
D)  cooperating with another child.

Question 14

When Suomi and Harlow placed socially isolated monkeys with normal younger monkeys, the isolated monkeys:

Accepted Answer

A)  developed abnormal behaviours, such as compulsive rocking. 
B)  were aggressive toward the younger monkeys. 
C)  became playful and behaved normally. 
D)  began to explore their environment. 
A)  developed abnormal behaviours, such as compulsive rocking. 
B)  were aggressive toward the younger monkeys. 
C)  became playful and behaved normally. 
D)  began to explore their environment.

Question 15

Which statement about the behaviours associated with peer acceptance in different cultures is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are almost entirely consistent across cultures. 
B)  They are similar across cultures, but they are influenced by cultural norms. 
C)  They are vastly different across cultures. 
D)  Peer acceptance has not been examined cross-culturally, so this information is not known. 
A)  They are almost entirely consistent across cultures. 
B)  They are similar across cultures, but they are influenced by cultural norms. 
C)  They are vastly different across cultures. 
D)  Peer acceptance has not been examined cross-culturally, so this information is not known.

Question 16

Which statement about children's friendships is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Openness between friends enhances creativity. 
B)  Friendships do not help children who are being victimized by other peers. 
C)  Higher levels of gossip in friendships are associated with poor developmental outcomes. 
D)  All of these statements are true. 
A)  Openness between friends enhances creativity. 
B)  Friendships do not help children who are being victimized by other peers. 
C)  Higher levels of gossip in friendships are associated with poor developmental outcomes. 
D)  All of these statements are true.

Question 17

Friendship is defined as a relationship that is:

Accepted Answer

A)  characterized by reciprocities. 
B)  between same-sex members. 
C)  conflictual 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  characterized by reciprocities. 
B)  between same-sex members. 
C)  conflictual 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 18

Which attribute is NOT a common characteristic of children's friendships?

Accepted Answer

A)  same-sex members 
B)  intimate 
C)  involving conflict 
D)  All of these are common characteristics of children's friendships. 
A)  same-sex members 
B)  intimate 
C)  involving conflict 
D)  All of these are common characteristics of children's friendships.

Question 19

All of these occur more frequently with young children's friends than with their non-friends EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  ignoring the other's distress. 
B)  conflict. 
C)  positive interactions. 
D)  pretend play. 
A)  ignoring the other's distress. 
B)  conflict. 
C)  positive interactions. 
D)  pretend play.

Question 20

Which factor does NOT increase the likelihood that an adolescent will engage in delinquent behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  hanging out with peers who have been in trouble 
B)  having an extreme orientation toward peers 
C)  being low in self-regulation 
D)  co-ruminating with peers about negative events 
A)  hanging out with peers who have been in trouble 
B)  having an extreme orientation toward peers 
C)  being low in self-regulation 
D)  co-ruminating with peers about negative events

Exam 13: Section 2: Peer Relationship

Which category of children is MOST likely to have difficulties in the academic domain?

Children who are the target of their peers' aggression and demeaning behaviour are referred to as:

Compared to boys in late elementary school, their female peers report that their friendships:

Compared to their peers, the central figures in school-age children's cliques tend to be all of these EXCEPT:

Observations by Freud and Dann of the group of six German-Jewish children who were orphaned during Hitler's regime and then were sent to live together in a shelter in Britain demonstrated that:

In Canada, what is true of inter-ethnic friendships?

Adolescents who are sociometrically popular differ from sociometrically average children in all of these ways EXCEPT:

Which statement about co-rumination in friendships is true?

To assess sociometric status, children are asked to list:

Children with cross-racial or cross-ethnic friendships tend to be:

Sociometric status refers to how:

Which hypothesis regarding adolescents' peer relationships and online social communication has received the LEAST support from research?

By definition, pretend play involves:

When Suomi and Harlow placed socially isolated monkeys with normal younger monkeys, the isolated monkeys:

Which statement about the behaviours associated with peer acceptance in different cultures is true?

Which statement about children's friendships is true?

Friendship is defined as a relationship that is:

Which attribute is NOT a common characteristic of children's friendships?

All of these occur more frequently with young children's friends than with their non-friends EXCEPT:

Which factor does NOT increase the likelihood that an adolescent will engage in delinquent behaviour?

Section 1: An Introduction to Child Development

Section 2: An Introduction to Child Development

Section 1: Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Section 2: Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Section 1: Biology and Behavior

Section 2: Biology and Behavior

Section 1: Theories of Cognitive Development

Section 2: Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Section 1: Conceptual Development

Section 2: Conceptual Development

Section 1: Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Section 2: Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Section 1: Theories of Social Development

Section 2: Theories of Social Development

Section 1: Emotional Development

Section 2: Emotional Development

Section 1: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Section 2: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Section 1: The Family

Section 2: The Family

Section 1: Peer Relationship

Section 1: Moral Development

Section 2: Moral Development

Section 1: Gender Development

Section 2: Gender Development

Section 1: Conclusions

Section 2: Conclusions

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