Question 1

Research examining young infants' reaching for small and large objects in a darkened room demonstrated that young infants:

Accepted Answer

A)  have excellent night vision. 
B)  do not have an innate learning mechanism for object size. 
C)  have poor night vision. 
D)  are able to think about the characteristics of invisible objects. 
A)  have excellent night vision. 
B)  do not have an innate learning mechanism for object size. 
C)  have poor night vision. 
D)  are able to think about the characteristics of invisible objects.

Question 2

Infant Greta hears a bell that she cannot see and immediately turns toward the sound. This is an indication that Greta has which ability?

Accepted Answer

A)  auditory localization 
B)  auditory segregation 
C)  pattern perception 
D)  music perception 
A)  auditory localization 
B)  auditory segregation 
C)  pattern perception 
D)  music perception

Question 3

The use of preferential looking to measure infants' visual acuity draws from research demonstrating that infants consistently prefer to look at _____ over _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  simple designs; complex designs 
B)  the colour red; the colour blue 
C)  their mothers' faces; their fathers' faces 
D)  a pattern; a gray block 
A)  simple designs; complex designs 
B)  the colour red; the colour blue 
C)  their mothers' faces; their fathers' faces 
D)  a pattern; a gray block

Question 4

Charlie is 3 months old and consistently swipes clumsily toward the general area of objects he sees. He is engaged in:

Accepted Answer

A)  pre-reaching movements. 
B)  self-locomotion. 
C)  gross motor skills. 
D)  reflexive movement. 
A)  pre-reaching movements. 
B)  self-locomotion. 
C)  gross motor skills. 
D)  reflexive movement.

Question 5

Which of the following children will fare worse at determining the spatial location of a sound?

Accepted Answer

A)  Angela, who is 3 days old 
B)  Sam, who is 6 months old 
C)  Thomas, who is 18 months old 
D)  Brenda, who is 2 years old 
A)  Angela, who is 3 days old 
B)  Sam, who is 6 months old 
C)  Thomas, who is 18 months old 
D)  Brenda, who is 2 years old

Question 6

Seven-month-old Vivi is presented with a trapezoidal object that adults would perceive as a rectangle placed on a diagonal, with one side closer than the other side, similar to the window from the Yonas, Cleaves, and Pettersen study described in the text. During the first set of trials, a patch is placed over one eye, and the object is presented in front of Vivi. During the second set of trials, the patch is removed and the object is again presented. Researchers record Vivi's reaches toward the object. The MOST likely result will be that Vivi reaches:

Accepted Answer

A)  toward the longer side on both sets of trials. 
B)  toward the longer side on the first set of trials but reaches equally toward both sides on the second set of trials. 
C)  equally toward both sides on the first set of trials but reaches toward the longer side on the second set of trials. 
D)  toward the longer side when viewed with one eye closed. 
A)  toward the longer side on both sets of trials. 
B)  toward the longer side on the first set of trials but reaches equally toward both sides on the second set of trials. 
C)  equally toward both sides on the first set of trials but reaches toward the longer side on the second set of trials. 
D)  toward the longer side when viewed with one eye closed.

Question 7

Research has demonstrated evidence in support of _____ view(s) of perceptual constancy.

Accepted Answer

A)  the nativist 
B)  the empiricist 
C)  both the nativist and the empiricist 
D)  neither the nativist nor the empiricist 
A)  the nativist 
B)  the empiricist 
C)  both the nativist and the empiricist 
D)  neither the nativist nor the empiricist

Question 8

The preferential-looking technique is founded on the expectation that infants will:

Accepted Answer

A)  look longer at objects they like or find interesting. 
B)  look away from complicated or frightening objects. 
C)  recognize familiar patterns. 
D)  lose interest in objects that are familiar. 
A)  look longer at objects they like or find interesting. 
B)  look away from complicated or frightening objects. 
C)  recognize familiar patterns. 
D)  lose interest in objects that are familiar.

Question 9

A 6-month-old infant watches as his sister hides behind a door. While the infant is turned away from his sister for a moment, the sister moves from behind the door and hides under a bed. Suddenly, the wind pushes the partially open door even farther open, until it touches the wall. The 6-month-old is MOST likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  stare at the fully open door, expecting his sister to appear from behind it. 
B)  stare at the fully open door, surprised that the door was able to fully open with his sister behind it. 
C)  turn away from the door, demonstrating no surprise that the door was able to fully open with his sister behind it. 
D)  turn to his mother and ask where his sister went. 
A)  stare at the fully open door, expecting his sister to appear from behind it. 
B)  stare at the fully open door, surprised that the door was able to fully open with his sister behind it. 
C)  turn away from the door, demonstrating no surprise that the door was able to fully open with his sister behind it. 
D)  turn to his mother and ask where his sister went.

Question 10

Research in which 12- and 15-month-old infants were introduced to a faceless, eyeless blob suggested that infants are willing to attribute intentions and goals to:

Accepted Answer

A)  virtually any object, animate or inanimate. 
B)  inanimate objects. 
C)  inanimate objects if they look like animate objects. 
D)  inanimate objects if they behave like animate objects. 
A)  virtually any object, animate or inanimate. 
B)  inanimate objects. 
C)  inanimate objects if they look like animate objects. 
D)  inanimate objects if they behave like animate objects.

Question 11

The closer an object is to a person, the _____ there is.

Accepted Answer

A)  more binocular disparity 
B)  less binocular disparity 
C)  more perceptual constancy 
D)  less perceptual constancy 
A)  more binocular disparity 
B)  less binocular disparity 
C)  more perceptual constancy 
D)  less perceptual constancy

Question 12

An infant plays with a toy block in the dark, so he cannot see it. Later, he is shown a ball as well as the block. He realizes that it was the block, not the ball, that he played with in the dark through:

Accepted Answer

A)  intermodal perception. 
B)  bimodal distribution. 
C)  visual localization. 
D)  interobject recognition. 
A)  intermodal perception. 
B)  bimodal distribution. 
C)  visual localization. 
D)  interobject recognition.

Question 13

Research by Needham and Baillargeon demonstrated that 8-month-old infants are better able than are 4-month-old infants to use which piece of information in their understanding of object segregation?

Accepted Answer

A)  common movement 
B)  common texture 
C)  knowledge about the world 
D)  all of these 
A)  common movement 
B)  common texture 
C)  knowledge about the world 
D)  all of these

Question 14

Pictorial cues are also referred to as _____ depth cues.

Accepted Answer

A)  perceptive 
B)  binocular 
C)  stereotypical 
D)  monocular 
A)  perceptive 
B)  binocular 
C)  stereotypical 
D)  monocular

Question 15

Research by Baillargeon in which 4-month-old infants were shown a screen that apparently rotated through a box and a screen that rotated up and stopped at the top of the box demonstrated that infants:

Accepted Answer

A)  looked longer at the screen when it rotated the full 180 degrees than when it stopped. 
B)  looked longer at the screen when it stopped than when it rotated the full 180 degrees. 
C)  looked at both events for the same length of time. 
D)  were unable to mentally represent the box when it was out of view. 
A)  looked longer at the screen when it rotated the full 180 degrees than when it stopped. 
B)  looked longer at the screen when it stopped than when it rotated the full 180 degrees. 
C)  looked at both events for the same length of time. 
D)  were unable to mentally represent the box when it was out of view.

Question 16

Beginning at what age do infants use common movement as a cue for object segregation?

Accepted Answer

A)  at birth 
B)  2 months 
C)  5 months 
D)  8 months 
A)  at birth 
B)  2 months 
C)  5 months 
D)  8 months

Question 17

The result that infants of depressed mothers tend to smile less than do other infants is thought to be caused, at least in part, by:

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning. 
B)  statistical learning. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  habituation. 
A)  operant conditioning. 
B)  statistical learning. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  habituation.

Question 18

Studies in which young infants were given "sticky mittens" demonstrated that:

Accepted Answer

A)  disrupting the necessity of reaching disrupted the natural maturation process. 
B)  increased ability to interact with objects was associated with decreased interest in social partners. 
C)  object exploration led to earlier reaching. 
D)  pre-reaching behaviours emerged prior to 4 months of age. 
A)  disrupting the necessity of reaching disrupted the natural maturation process. 
B)  increased ability to interact with objects was associated with decreased interest in social partners. 
C)  object exploration led to earlier reaching. 
D)  pre-reaching behaviours emerged prior to 4 months of age.

Question 19

Habituation to a stimulus and increased response to a novel stimulus does NOT indicate:

Accepted Answer

A)  a preference for novelty. 
B)  the ability to differentiate between the two stimuli. 
C)  learning. 
D)  a preference for the characteristics of the novel stimulus over the old one. 
A)  a preference for novelty. 
B)  the ability to differentiate between the two stimuli. 
C)  learning. 
D)  a preference for the characteristics of the novel stimulus over the old one.

Question 20

Four-month-old infants respond more to a film _____ than to a film _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  of a monkey hopping; of a human hopping 
B)  that matches the sounds they are hearing; that doesn't match the sounds they are hearing 
C)  showing a face in which lips move out of sync with the speech they hear; showing a face in which lips move in sync with the speech they hear 
D)  showing a person saying "Peek-a-boo!"; showing a hand beating a drumstick against a block 
A)  of a monkey hopping; of a human hopping 
B)  that matches the sounds they are hearing; that doesn't match the sounds they are hearing 
C)  showing a face in which lips move out of sync with the speech they hear; showing a face in which lips move in sync with the speech they hear 
D)  showing a person saying "Peek-a-boo!"; showing a hand beating a drumstick against a block

Research examining young infants' reaching for small and large objects in a darkened room demonstrated that young infants:

Infant Greta hears a bell that she cannot see and immediately turns toward the sound. This is an indication that Greta has which ability?

The use of preferential looking to measure infants' visual acuity draws from research demonstrating that infants consistently prefer to look at _ over _.

Charlie is 3 months old and consistently swipes clumsily toward the general area of objects he sees. He is engaged in:

Which of the following children will fare worse at determining the spatial location of a sound?

Research has demonstrated evidence in support of _____ view(s) of perceptual constancy.

The preferential-looking technique is founded on the expectation that infants will:

Research in which 12- and 15-month-old infants were introduced to a faceless, eyeless blob suggested that infants are willing to attribute intentions and goals to:

The closer an object is to a person, the _____ there is.

An infant plays with a toy block in the dark, so he cannot see it. Later, he is shown a ball as well as the block. He realizes that it was the block, not the ball, that he played with in the dark through:

Research by Needham and Baillargeon demonstrated that 8-month-old infants are better able than are 4-month-old infants to use which piece of information in their understanding of object segregation?

Pictorial cues are also referred to as _____ depth cues.

Research by Baillargeon in which 4-month-old infants were shown a screen that apparently rotated through a box and a screen that rotated up and stopped at the top of the box demonstrated that infants:

Beginning at what age do infants use common movement as a cue for object segregation?

The result that infants of depressed mothers tend to smile less than do other infants is thought to be caused, at least in part, by:

Studies in which young infants were given "sticky mittens" demonstrated that:

Habituation to a stimulus and increased response to a novel stimulus does NOT indicate:

Four-month-old infants respond more to a film _ than to a film _.

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 5: Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Research examining young infants' reaching for small and large objects in a darkened room demonstrated that young infants:

Infant Greta hears a bell that she cannot see and immediately turns toward the sound. This is an indication that Greta has which ability?

The use of preferential looking to measure infants' visual acuity draws from research demonstrating that infants consistently prefer to look at _____ over _____.

Charlie is 3 months old and consistently swipes clumsily toward the general area of objects he sees. He is engaged in:

Which of the following children will fare worse at determining the spatial location of a sound?

Research has demonstrated evidence in support of _____ view(s) of perceptual constancy.

The preferential-looking technique is founded on the expectation that infants will:

Research in which 12- and 15-month-old infants were introduced to a faceless, eyeless blob suggested that infants are willing to attribute intentions and goals to:

The closer an object is to a person, the _____ there is.

An infant plays with a toy block in the dark, so he cannot see it. Later, he is shown a ball as well as the block. He realizes that it was the block, not the ball, that he played with in the dark through:

Research by Needham and Baillargeon demonstrated that 8-month-old infants are better able than are 4-month-old infants to use which piece of information in their understanding of object segregation?

Pictorial cues are also referred to as _____ depth cues.

Research by Baillargeon in which 4-month-old infants were shown a screen that apparently rotated through a box and a screen that rotated up and stopped at the top of the box demonstrated that infants:

Beginning at what age do infants use common movement as a cue for object segregation?

The result that infants of depressed mothers tend to smile less than do other infants is thought to be caused, at least in part, by:

Studies in which young infants were given "sticky mittens" demonstrated that:

Habituation to a stimulus and increased response to a novel stimulus does NOT indicate:

Four-month-old infants respond more to a film _____ than to a film _____.

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behaviour

Theories of Cognitive Development

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

The use of preferential looking to measure infants' visual acuity draws from research demonstrating that infants consistently prefer to look at _ over _.

Four-month-old infants respond more to a film _ than to a film _.