Question 1

Type I diabetes is caused by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) degradation of insulin in the bloodstream 
B) an inability to produce insulin 
C) a decrease in the ability of target cells for insulin to respond to the presence of the hormone 
D) insulin resistance 
E) an overproduction of insulin 
A) degradation of insulin in the bloodstream 
B) an inability to produce insulin 
C) a decrease in the ability of target cells for insulin to respond to the presence of the hormone 
D) insulin resistance 
E) an overproduction of insulin

Question 2

Which cells secrete epinephrine?

Accepted Answer

A) $\alpha$-cells in the pancreas 
B) $\beta$-cells in the pancreas 
C) $\Delta$-cells in the pancreas 
D) cortical cells in the adrenal gland 
E) medulla cells in the adrenal gland 
A) $\alpha$-cells in the pancreas 
B) $\beta$-cells in the pancreas 
C) $\Delta$-cells in the pancreas 
D) cortical cells in the adrenal gland 
E) medulla cells in the adrenal gland

Question 3

What allows receptors for extracellular signaling molecules present on the responding cell's surface to recognize such molecules so readily?

Accepted Answer

A) They bind the signaling molecules with low affinity. 
B) They bind the signaling molecules with high affinity. 
C) They denature the signaling molecules. 
D) They stabilize the signaling molecules. 
E) They infiltrate the signaling molecules. 
A) They bind the signaling molecules with low affinity. 
B) They bind the signaling molecules with high affinity. 
C) They denature the signaling molecules. 
D) They stabilize the signaling molecules. 
E) They infiltrate the signaling molecules.

Question 4

The effect of inositol triphosphate is usually transient because __________.

Accepted Answer

A) it is so stable 
B) it is rapidly inactivated enzymatically 
C) it is slowly activated enzymatically 
D) it is so big 
E) it is so small 
A) it is so stable 
B) it is rapidly inactivated enzymatically 
C) it is slowly activated enzymatically 
D) it is so big 
E) it is so small

Question 5

Genes that enable viruses to transform normal cells into tumor cells are called _________.

Accepted Answer

A) oncogenes 
B) cancogenes 
C) haplogenes 
D) tumor enhancer genes 
E) transformer genes 
A) oncogenes 
B) cancogenes 
C) haplogenes 
D) tumor enhancer genes 
E) transformer genes

Question 6

The process that blocks active receptors from turning on additional G proteins is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) hypersensitization 
B) desensitization 
C) hyposensitization 
D) deactivation 
E) sensitivitization 
A) hypersensitization 
B) desensitization 
C) hyposensitization 
D) deactivation 
E) sensitivitization

Question 7

What holds Ras at the inner surface of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) weak interactions with the phospholipid head groups 
B) weak interactions with integral membrane proteins 
C) hydrophilic interactions of the Ras protein with the interior of the phospholipid bilayer 
D) attachment to a lipid group that is embedded in the inner leaflet of the bilayer 
E) attachment to a carbohydrate group that is embedded in the inner leaflet of the bilayer 
A) weak interactions with the phospholipid head groups 
B) weak interactions with integral membrane proteins 
C) hydrophilic interactions of the Ras protein with the interior of the phospholipid bilayer 
D) attachment to a lipid group that is embedded in the inner leaflet of the bilayer 
E) attachment to a carbohydrate group that is embedded in the inner leaflet of the bilayer

Question 8

What is responsible for deactivating glycogen synthase kinase-3?

Accepted Answer

A) its phosphorylation by PKB 
B) its dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 1 
C) its dephosphorylation by PKB 
D) its phosphorylation by protein phosphatase 1 
E) its degradation by PKB 
A) its phosphorylation by PKB 
B) its dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 1 
C) its dephosphorylation by PKB 
D) its phosphorylation by protein phosphatase 1 
E) its degradation by PKB

Question 9

In what form do animal cells store glucose?

Accepted Answer

A) glucogen 
B) glycogen 
C) agarose 
D) amylose 
E) amylopectin 
A) glucogen 
B) glycogen 
C) agarose 
D) amylose 
E) amylopectin

Question 10

What generally triggers the release of calcium ions by ryanodine receptors?

Accepted Answer

A) potassium efflux 
B) sodium influx 
C) an action potential 
D) IP3 release 
E) IP3 uptake 
A) potassium efflux 
B) sodium influx 
C) an action potential 
D) IP3 release 
E) IP3 uptake

Question 11

Evidence suggests that TNFR1 is present in the plasma membrane as __________.

Accepted Answer

A) a preassembled trimer 
B) a preasembled dimer 
C) a disassembled trimer 
D) a disassembled dimer 
E) a tetrameric trimer 
A) a preassembled trimer 
B) a preasembled dimer 
C) a disassembled trimer 
D) a disassembled dimer 
E) a tetrameric trimer

Question 12

Which heterotrimeric G proteins function by inhibiting adenylyl cyclase?

Accepted Answer

A) Gs family 
B) Gq family 
C) Gi family 
D) G12/13 family 
E) Gr family 
A) Gs family 
B) Gq family 
C) Gi family 
D) G12/13 family 
E) Gr family

Question 13

The activation of a common effector by signals from a variety of unrelated receptors,each of which binds to its own ligand,is called _________.

Accepted Answer

A) divergence 
B) convergence 
C) crosstalk 
D) transvergence 
E) coherence 
A) divergence 
B) convergence 
C) crosstalk 
D) transvergence 
E) coherence

Question 14

Once activated,what does caspase-9 itself activate?

Accepted Answer

A) phospholipase C 
B) protein kinase A 
C) other initiator caspases 
D) downstream executioner caspases 
E) downstream caspase-8 
A) phospholipase C 
B) protein kinase A 
C) other initiator caspases 
D) downstream executioner caspases 
E) downstream caspase-8

Question 15

Perception of sour tastes depends upon _________.

Accepted Answer

A) a compound interacting with a G protein coupled receptor on the receptor cell surface 
B) sodium ions in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane depolarization 
C) protons in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane depolarization 
D) potassium ions in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane depolarization 
E) protons in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane hyperpolarization 
A) a compound interacting with a G protein coupled receptor on the receptor cell surface 
B) sodium ions in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane depolarization 
C) protons in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane depolarization 
D) potassium ions in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane depolarization 
E) protons in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane hyperpolarization

Question 16

The subunits of the heterotrimeric G protein are called ___________ subunits.

Accepted Answer

A) $\alpha$,$\beta$ and $\chi$ 
B) $\alpha$,$\beta$ and $\delta$ 
C) $\alpha$,$\beta$ and $\gamma$ 
D) $\alpha$,$\gamma$ and $\delta$ 
E) $\gamma$,$\delta$ and $\eta$ 
A) $\alpha$,$\beta$ and $\chi$ 
B) $\alpha$,$\beta$ and $\delta$ 
C) $\alpha$,$\beta$ and $\gamma$ 
D) $\alpha$,$\gamma$ and $\delta$ 
E) $\gamma$,$\delta$ and $\eta$

Question 17

How were nitroglycerine's therapeutic benefits discovered?

Accepted Answer

A) through careful drug testing 
B) the fact that dynamite factory workers with heart conditions had less angina on days that they worked 
C) the fact that dynamite factory workers with heart conditions had more angina on days that they worked 
D) by reading the literature 
E) by prayer 
A) through careful drug testing 
B) the fact that dynamite factory workers with heart conditions had less angina on days that they worked 
C) the fact that dynamite factory workers with heart conditions had more angina on days that they worked 
D) by reading the literature 
E) by prayer

Question 18

The enzyme below that has been identified as a negative regulator of glycogen synthase is ______.

Accepted Answer

A) glycogen phosphorylase 
B) glycogen phosphorylase kinase 
C) glycogen synthase kinase-3 
D) insulin synthase kinase 
E) protein kinase A 
A) glycogen phosphorylase 
B) glycogen phosphorylase kinase 
C) glycogen synthase kinase-3 
D) insulin synthase kinase 
E) protein kinase A

Question 19

Where is the guanine nucleotide-binding site of the G protein located?

Accepted Answer

A) on the G $\alpha$  subunit 
B) on the G $\beta$   subunit 
C) on the G $\gamma$  subunit 
D) on the G $\beta$$\gamma$  subunit 
E) on all three subunits 
A) on the G $\alpha$  subunit 
B) on the G $\beta$   subunit 
C) on the G $\gamma$  subunit 
D) on the G $\beta$$\gamma$  subunit 
E) on all three subunits

Question 20

Which amino acids are known to be phosphorylated by protein kinases?

Accepted Answer

A) tyrosine,threonine,glycine 
B) threonine,serine,tryptophan 
C) serine,threonine,tyrosine 
D) phenylalanine,serine,tyrosine 
E) serine,leucine,tyrosine 
A) tyrosine,threonine,glycine 
B) threonine,serine,tryptophan 
C) serine,threonine,tyrosine 
D) phenylalanine,serine,tyrosine 
E) serine,leucine,tyrosine

Type I diabetes is caused by ________.

Which cells secrete epinephrine?

What allows receptors for extracellular signaling molecules present on the responding cell's surface to recognize such molecules so readily?

The effect of inositol triphosphate is usually transient because __________.

Genes that enable viruses to transform normal cells into tumor cells are called _________.

The process that blocks active receptors from turning on additional G proteins is called ________.

What holds Ras at the inner surface of the plasma membrane?

What is responsible for deactivating glycogen synthase kinase-3?

In what form do animal cells store glucose?

What generally triggers the release of calcium ions by ryanodine receptors?

Evidence suggests that TNFR1 is present in the plasma membrane as __________.

Which heterotrimeric G proteins function by inhibiting adenylyl cyclase?

The activation of a common effector by signals from a variety of unrelated receptors,each of which binds to its own ligand,is called _________.

Once activated,what does caspase-9 itself activate?

Perception of sour tastes depends upon _________.

The subunits of the heterotrimeric G protein are called ___________ subunits.

How were nitroglycerine's therapeutic benefits discovered?

The enzyme below that has been identified as a negative regulator of glycogen synthase is ______.

Where is the guanine nucleotide-binding site of the G protein located?

Which amino acids are known to be phosphorylated by protein kinases?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 15: Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Type I diabetes is caused by ________.

Which cells secrete epinephrine?

What allows receptors for extracellular signaling molecules present on the responding cell's surface to recognize such molecules so readily?

The effect of inositol triphosphate is usually transient because __________.

Genes that enable viruses to transform normal cells into tumor cells are called _________.

The process that blocks active receptors from turning on additional G proteins is called ________.

What holds Ras at the inner surface of the plasma membrane?

What is responsible for deactivating glycogen synthase kinase-3?

In what form do animal cells store glucose?

What generally triggers the release of calcium ions by ryanodine receptors?

Evidence suggests that TNFR1 is present in the plasma membrane as __________.

Which heterotrimeric G proteins function by inhibiting adenylyl cyclase?

The activation of a common effector by signals from a variety of unrelated receptors,each of which binds to its own ligand,is called _________.

Once activated,what does caspase-9 itself activate?

Perception of sour tastes depends upon _________.

The subunits of the heterotrimeric G protein are called ___________ subunits.

How were nitroglycerine's therapeutic benefits discovered?

The enzyme below that has been identified as a negative regulator of glycogen synthase is ______.

Where is the guanine nucleotide-binding site of the G protein located?

Which amino acids are known to be phosphorylated by protein kinases?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters