Exam 12: Control of Gene Expression

The oskar protein is required for the ________,which develop at the _______ end of the larva.

What evidence suggests that while the XIST gene may be required to initiate X chromosome inactivation,it may not be required to maintain it from one generation to another?

Genes are physically moved to sites within the nucleus called _________,where the transcription machinery is concentrated and within which genes involved in the same response tend to become colocalized.

A transport receptor that moves macromolecules from the cytoplasm to the nucleus is called a(n)____.

To which amino acid is the first ubiquitin on a polyubiquitinated protein attached?

What extends from the methylguanosine cap at the start of an mRNA to the AUG initiation codon?

What is used to maintain the Ran-GTP gradient across the nuclear envelope?

In mRNA editing,to which nitrogenous bases is adenine converted by the enzymatic removal of an amino group?

You are working with adult mouse fibroblast cells.The genes for transcription factors from pluripotent stem cells are transduced into the adult fibroblast cells as part of viral vectors in various combinations,and once inside the cells they were expressed.Cells are produced that are capable of dividing indefinitely in culture and of differentiating into all of the various types of the body's cells.What are they called?

What extends from the termination codon at the end of an mRNA coding region to the end of the poly(A)tail?

The $\alpha$ -helical portions of the bZip proteins ______.

There are genes on the X chromosome that manage to escape inactivation by an as yet unknown mechanism.What particular genes are included in this group and what might be the reason that they remain activated?

Mechanisms have been discovered that regulate the rate of mRNA translation in response to changing cellular requirements;these mechanism can act at both the ______ and ______ levels.

Which level of control of gene expression is defined as determining if a particular gene can give rise to mRNA and,if so,how often?

_______ mRNAs are preferentially localized at the anterior end of a fruit fly larva;______ mRNAs are preferentially localized at the opposite or posterior end of the larva.

Scientists often stain chromosomes from mitotic cells and photograph the chromosomes in the microscope.Each chromosome is cut out of the photograph,the chromosomes are matched up in homologous pairs and they are placed in order of decreasing size.These pictures can be used to screen individuals for chromosomal abnormalities,like extra,missing or grossly altered chromosomes.What is such a picture called?

You attempt deletion mapping of a part of the promoter region of a particular gene.You remove a short sequence of nucleotides.Once the altered DNA is transfected into cells,the cells are able to transcribe the transfected DNA in a normal fashion.What do you conclude?

The combination of a basic stretch of amino acids and a leucine zipper is known as a(n)_____ motif.

The lac operon is an example of a(n)_______ operon.

Which genetic phenomenon below involves the conversion of specific nucleotides to other nucleotides after RNA has been transcribed?