Question 1

Which of the following is not a general description of the gene expression regulation mechanisms that operate in eukaryotic organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) transcriptional-level controls 
B) processing-level controls 
C) translational-level controls 
D) replication-level controls 
E) denaturation-level controls 
A) transcriptional-level controls 
B) processing-level controls 
C) translational-level controls 
D) replication-level controls 
E) denaturation-level controls

Question 2

Which of the traits below is characteristic of the classical nuclear localization signals?

Accepted Answer

A) possession of large numbers of hydrophobic amino acids 
B) possession of one or two short stretches of negatively charged amino acids 
C) possession of one or two short stretches of positively charged amino acids 
D) twisted backbones 
E) double helical regions 
A) possession of large numbers of hydrophobic amino acids 
B) possession of one or two short stretches of negatively charged amino acids 
C) possession of one or two short stretches of positively charged amino acids 
D) twisted backbones 
E) double helical regions

Question 3

Related proteins are often referred to as _________.

Accepted Answer

A) isoentities 
B) isologies 
C) isoforms 
D) isotoners 
E) isosceles 
A) isoentities 
B) isologies 
C) isoforms 
D) isotoners 
E) isosceles

Question 4

What happens to membrane proteins that have been attached to a single ubiquitin molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) They are selectively incorporated into endocytic vesicles. 
B) They move immediately to proteasomes. 
C) They stay in the membrane. 
D) They move to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
E) They move directly to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
A) They are selectively incorporated into endocytic vesicles. 
B) They move immediately to proteasomes. 
C) They stay in the membrane. 
D) They move to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
E) They move directly to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 5

You are interpreting data on a DNA chip or microarray.You expose the chip to a mixture of two cDNA populations: one from cells that were not treated with a glucocorticoid hormone (untreated controls;labeled with a red fluorescent dye)and a population from cells that were treated with glucocorticoid hormones (glucocorticoid-treated;labeled with green fluorescent dye).You look at a spot on the chip representing the gene for phosphofructokinase,a gene that is not affected by glucocorticoid treatment,but is instead expressed in all cells.What color should the spot representing the phosphofructokinase gene be?

Accepted Answer

A) red 
B) green 
C) yellow 
D) no color,the spot is not labeled 
E) brown 
A) red 
B) green 
C) yellow 
D) no color,the spot is not labeled 
E) brown

Question 6

With what structure is the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope continuous?

Accepted Answer

A) RER 
B) SER 
C) Golgi complex 
D) the spindle 
E) the plasma membrane 
A) RER 
B) SER 
C) Golgi complex 
D) the spindle 
E) the plasma membrane

Question 7

You are interpreting data on a DNA chip or microarray.You expose the chip to a mixture of two cDNA populations: one from cells that were not treated with a glucocorticoid hormone (untreated controls;labeled with a red fluorescent dye)and a population from cells that were treated with glucocorticoid hormones (glucocorticoid-treated;labeled with green fluorescent dye).You look at a spot on the chip representing the gene for phosphoenolase,a gene that is turned off by glucocorticoid treatment,but is expressed in control,untreated cells.What color should the spot representing the phosphoenolase gene be?

Accepted Answer

A) red 
B) green 
C) yellow 
D) no color,the spot is not labeled 
E) brown 
A) red 
B) green 
C) yellow 
D) no color,the spot is not labeled 
E) brown

Question 8

What phenomenon greatly expands the diversity of regulatory factors that can be generated from a limited number of polypeptides?

Accepted Answer

A) heterodimerization 
B) homodimerization 
C) heterohomodimerization 
D) recombination 
E) heterotrimerization 
A) heterodimerization 
B) homodimerization 
C) heterohomodimerization 
D) recombination 
E) heterotrimerization

Question 9

If cells cannot replicate the ends of their DNA,what should happen with each round of cell division?

Accepted Answer

A) The chromosomes should stay exactly the same length. 
B) The chromosomes should get longer. 
C) The mitotic spindle will shrink. 
D) The chromosomes should get shorter. 
E) The chromosomes should denature. 
A) The chromosomes should stay exactly the same length. 
B) The chromosomes should get longer. 
C) The mitotic spindle will shrink. 
D) The chromosomes should get shorter. 
E) The chromosomes should denature.

Question 10

What is the name of the site where RNA polymerase binds to the DNA prior to the beginning of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A) the operator 
B) the terminator 
C) the promoter 
D) the repressor 
E) the structural genes 
A) the operator 
B) the terminator 
C) the promoter 
D) the repressor 
E) the structural genes

Question 11

A section of a bacterial chromosome in which genes for the enzymes of a particular metabolic pathway are clustered together in a functional complex under coordinate control is called a(n)______.

Accepted Answer

A) operator 
B) operon 
C) promoter 
D) repressor 
E) activator 
A) operator 
B) operon 
C) promoter 
D) repressor 
E) activator

Question 12

What role are microfilaments thought to play in the localization of oskar and bicoid mRNAs in the fruit fly oocytes?

Accepted Answer

A) They are thought to anchor mRNAs in position after they have arrived at their destination. 
B) They move these mRNAs to their final destination. 
C) They play no role in localization or anchoring the mRNAs in the proper position. 
D) They compress the mRNAs. 
E) They increase the stability of mRNAs. 
A) They are thought to anchor mRNAs in position after they have arrived at their destination. 
B) They move these mRNAs to their final destination. 
C) They play no role in localization or anchoring the mRNAs in the proper position. 
D) They compress the mRNAs. 
E) They increase the stability of mRNAs.

Question 13

Treatment of fragmented DNA with a particular transcription factor attached at a number of sites with antibodies against that transcription factor will cause _________.

Accepted Answer

A) precipitation of DNA fragments bound to that transcription factor 
B) solubilization of DNA fragments bound to that transcription factor 
C) hydrolysis of DNA fragments bound to that transcription factor 
D) hydrolysis of DNA fragments that remain unbound by that transcription factor 
E) precipitation of DNA fragments not bound to that transcription factor 
A) precipitation of DNA fragments bound to that transcription factor 
B) solubilization of DNA fragments bound to that transcription factor 
C) hydrolysis of DNA fragments bound to that transcription factor 
D) hydrolysis of DNA fragments that remain unbound by that transcription factor 
E) precipitation of DNA fragments not bound to that transcription factor

Question 14

If an exon is not supposed to be included in the mature mRNA,it must be excised.With what other RNA sequences is it excised?

Accepted Answer

A) the flanking exons 
B) the flanking introns 
C) one flanking exon and one flanking intron 
D) the promoter 
E) the poly(
A) sequence 
A) the flanking exons 
B) the flanking introns 
C) one flanking exon and one flanking intron 
D) the promoter 
E) the poly(
A) sequence

Question 15

What is the name of the linkage than holds the lactose disaccharide together?

Accepted Answer

A) $\alpha$-galactoside linkage 
B) $\alpha$-lipophilic linkage 
C) $\beta$-glycosidic linkage 
D) $\beta$-galactoside linkage 
E) ester linkage 
A) $\alpha$-galactoside linkage 
B) $\alpha$-lipophilic linkage 
C) $\beta$-glycosidic linkage 
D) $\beta$-galactoside linkage 
E) ester linkage

Question 16

What two monosaccharides combine to form lactose?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 glucose molecules 
B) glucose and galactose 
C) galactose and fructose 
D) 2 galactose molecules 
E) glucose and fructose 
A) 2 glucose molecules 
B) glucose and galactose 
C) galactose and fructose 
D) 2 galactose molecules 
E) glucose and fructose

Question 17

What may happen if a protein that is supposed to have a short survival time and that is involved in the initiation of cell division is not destroyed when it is supposed to be destroyed?

Accepted Answer

A) The cell may die quickly. 
B) The cells may become malignant. 
C) The cells may become benign. 
D) The cell may stop dividing but survive. 
E) The cell may undergo apoptosis. 
A) The cell may die quickly. 
B) The cells may become malignant. 
C) The cells may become benign. 
D) The cell may stop dividing but survive. 
E) The cell may undergo apoptosis.

Question 18

Evidence suggests that _____ of ______ from nucleosomes in the wake of an elongating RNA polymerase prevents the inappropriate __________ within the internal coding region of a gene.

Accepted Answer

A) addition,acetyl groups,initiation of transcription 
B) removal,acetyl groups,initiation of translation 
C) removal,acetyl groups,initiation of transcription 
D) removal,methyl groups,initiation of transcription 
E) addition,methyl groups,initiation of translation 
A) addition,acetyl groups,initiation of transcription 
B) removal,acetyl groups,initiation of translation 
C) removal,acetyl groups,initiation of transcription 
D) removal,methyl groups,initiation of transcription 
E) addition,methyl groups,initiation of translation

Question 19

What happens if histone H1 is selectively extracted from compacted chromatin (30 nm fibers)?

Accepted Answer

A) 30-nm fibers uncoil to form a thinner,more extended beaded filament. 
B) 30-nm fibers coil to form a thicker,less extended cylindrical filament. 
C) 30-nm fibers completely disassemble to their component nucleotides. 
D) 30-nm fibers break into small fragments. 
E) 30-nm fibers break up into large fragments. 
A) 30-nm fibers uncoil to form a thinner,more extended beaded filament. 
B) 30-nm fibers coil to form a thicker,less extended cylindrical filament. 
C) 30-nm fibers completely disassemble to their component nucleotides. 
D) 30-nm fibers break into small fragments. 
E) 30-nm fibers break up into large fragments.

Question 20

What is the name of the proteins that make up the nuclear lamina and of what protein superfamily are they a member?

Accepted Answer

A) lamins,laminins 
B) lamins,intermediate filaments 
C) keratin,intermediate filaments 
D) keratin,laminins 
E) actin,microfilaments 
A) lamins,laminins 
B) lamins,intermediate filaments 
C) keratin,intermediate filaments 
D) keratin,laminins 
E) actin,microfilaments

Which of the following is not a general description of the gene expression regulation mechanisms that operate in eukaryotic organisms?

Which of the traits below is characteristic of the classical nuclear localization signals?

Related proteins are often referred to as _________.

What happens to membrane proteins that have been attached to a single ubiquitin molecule?

With what structure is the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope continuous?

What phenomenon greatly expands the diversity of regulatory factors that can be generated from a limited number of polypeptides?

If cells cannot replicate the ends of their DNA,what should happen with each round of cell division?

What is the name of the site where RNA polymerase binds to the DNA prior to the beginning of transcription?

A section of a bacterial chromosome in which genes for the enzymes of a particular metabolic pathway are clustered together in a functional complex under coordinate control is called a(n)______.

What role are microfilaments thought to play in the localization of oskar and bicoid mRNAs in the fruit fly oocytes?

Treatment of fragmented DNA with a particular transcription factor attached at a number of sites with antibodies against that transcription factor will cause _________.

If an exon is not supposed to be included in the mature mRNA,it must be excised.With what other RNA sequences is it excised?

What is the name of the linkage than holds the lactose disaccharide together?

What two monosaccharides combine to form lactose?

What may happen if a protein that is supposed to have a short survival time and that is involved in the initiation of cell division is not destroyed when it is supposed to be destroyed?

Evidence suggests that _ of from nucleosomes in the wake of an elongating RNA polymerase prevents the inappropriate ________ within the internal coding region of a gene.

What happens if histone H1 is selectively extracted from compacted chromatin (30 nm fibers)?

What is the name of the proteins that make up the nuclear lamina and of what protein superfamily are they a member?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 12: Control of Gene Expression

Which of the following is not a general description of the gene expression regulation mechanisms that operate in eukaryotic organisms?

Which of the traits below is characteristic of the classical nuclear localization signals?

Related proteins are often referred to as _________.

What happens to membrane proteins that have been attached to a single ubiquitin molecule?

With what structure is the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope continuous?

What phenomenon greatly expands the diversity of regulatory factors that can be generated from a limited number of polypeptides?

If cells cannot replicate the ends of their DNA,what should happen with each round of cell division?

What is the name of the site where RNA polymerase binds to the DNA prior to the beginning of transcription?

A section of a bacterial chromosome in which genes for the enzymes of a particular metabolic pathway are clustered together in a functional complex under coordinate control is called a(n)______.

What role are microfilaments thought to play in the localization of oskar and bicoid mRNAs in the fruit fly oocytes?

Treatment of fragmented DNA with a particular transcription factor attached at a number of sites with antibodies against that transcription factor will cause _________.

If an exon is not supposed to be included in the mature mRNA,it must be excised.With what other RNA sequences is it excised?

What is the name of the linkage than holds the lactose disaccharide together?

What two monosaccharides combine to form lactose?

What may happen if a protein that is supposed to have a short survival time and that is involved in the initiation of cell division is not destroyed when it is supposed to be destroyed?

Evidence suggests that _____ of ______ from nucleosomes in the wake of an elongating RNA polymerase prevents the inappropriate __________ within the internal coding region of a gene.

What happens if histone H1 is selectively extracted from compacted chromatin (30 nm fibers)?

What is the name of the proteins that make up the nuclear lamina and of what protein superfamily are they a member?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Evidence suggests that _ of from nucleosomes in the wake of an elongating RNA polymerase prevents the inappropriate ________ within the internal coding region of a gene.