Question 1

What distinguishes the regulatory,noncoding RNA that is suspected of being responsible for X chromosome inactivation from other noncoding RNA molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) It is much larger than the other noncoding RNAs. 
B) It is much smaller than the other noncoding RNAs. 
C) It is more tightly coiled than the other noncoding RNAs. 
D) It contains a higher content of uracil than the other noncoding RNAs. 
E) It contains a higher content of adenine than the other noncoding RNAs. 
A) It is much larger than the other noncoding RNAs. 
B) It is much smaller than the other noncoding RNAs. 
C) It is more tightly coiled than the other noncoding RNAs. 
D) It contains a higher content of uracil than the other noncoding RNAs. 
E) It contains a higher content of adenine than the other noncoding RNAs.

Question 2

The type of control exercised if the interaction of a regulatory protein and DNA inhibits transcription.

Accepted Answer

A) positive control 
B) negative control 
C) averaged control 
D) circumspect control 
E) neutral control 
A) positive control 
B) negative control 
C) averaged control 
D) circumspect control 
E) neutral control

Question 3

The operator __________.

Accepted Answer

A) is the site on the DNA where the repressor binds 
B) is the site on the DNA where DNA polymerase binds 
C) is the site on the DNA where reverse transcriptase binds 
D) is the site on the RNA where the repressor binds 
E) is the site on the ribosome where the repressor binds 
A) is the site on the DNA where the repressor binds 
B) is the site on the DNA where DNA polymerase binds 
C) is the site on the DNA where reverse transcriptase binds 
D) is the site on the RNA where the repressor binds 
E) is the site on the ribosome where the repressor binds

Question 4

The enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones in the chromatin are ________.

Accepted Answer

A) histone acetyltransferases 
B) histone deacetylases 
C) histone acetylases 
D) histone methylases 
E) methylacetyltransferases 
A) histone acetyltransferases 
B) histone deacetylases 
C) histone acetylases 
D) histone methylases 
E) methylacetyltransferases

Question 5

Which of the following is not included within the nucleus of a typical interphase (nonmitotic)cell?

Accepted Answer

A) chromosomes 
B) nuclear matrix 
C) nucleolus 
D) nucleoplasm 
E) mesosome 
A) chromosomes 
B) nuclear matrix 
C) nucleolus 
D) nucleoplasm 
E) mesosome

Question 6

The extent to which a given gene is transcribed presumably depends upon __________.

Accepted Answer

A) the single transcription factor bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
B) the particular combination of transcription factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
C) the particular combination of transcription factors bound to its downstream regulatory elements 
D) the combination of initiation factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
E) the combination of translational factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
A) the single transcription factor bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
B) the particular combination of transcription factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
C) the particular combination of transcription factors bound to its downstream regulatory elements 
D) the combination of initiation factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
E) the combination of translational factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements

Question 7

What kinds of proteins are usually recognized by the cap of a proteasome?

Accepted Answer

A) proteins with a single ubiquitin 
B) naked proteins 
C) precipitated proteins 
D) polyubiquitinated proteins 
E) lysinated proteins 
A) proteins with a single ubiquitin 
B) naked proteins 
C) precipitated proteins 
D) polyubiquitinated proteins 
E) lysinated proteins

Question 8

What evidence suggests that RNAi plays a role in heterochromatization?

Accepted Answer

A) Deletion of RNAi components impair both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
B) Addition of RNAi components impair both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
C) Deletion of RNAi components enhances both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
D) Mutation of RNAi components denatures both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
E) None of these are correct. 
A) Deletion of RNAi components impair both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
B) Addition of RNAi components impair both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
C) Deletion of RNAi components enhances both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
D) Mutation of RNAi components denatures both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 9

What is the normal length of a poly(A)tail?

Accepted Answer

A) about 100 adenosine residues 
B) about 500 adenosine residues 
C) about 200 adenosine residues 
D) about 1000 adenosine residues 
E) about 700 adenosine residues 
A) about 100 adenosine residues 
B) about 500 adenosine residues 
C) about 200 adenosine residues 
D) about 1000 adenosine residues 
E) about 700 adenosine residues

Question 10

The basic amino acid stretch in bZip proteins _______.

Accepted Answer

A) facilitates dimerization 
B) allows the protein to recognize a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA 
C) prevents dimerization 
D) allows the protein to recognize a specific nucleotide sequence in RNA 
E) facilitates tetramerization 
A) facilitates dimerization 
B) allows the protein to recognize a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA 
C) prevents dimerization 
D) allows the protein to recognize a specific nucleotide sequence in RNA 
E) facilitates tetramerization

Question 11

To what is the NLS - protein cargo - importing $\alpha$/$\beta$ complex thought to bind when it seems to dock to the outer surface of the nucleus near the nuclear pore complex?

Accepted Answer

A) the torus 
B) the outer ring of the nuclear pore complex 
C) the inner ring of the nuclear pore complex 
D) cytoplasmic filaments that extend from the outer ring of the nuclear pore complex 
E) the transporter 
A) the torus 
B) the outer ring of the nuclear pore complex 
C) the inner ring of the nuclear pore complex 
D) cytoplasmic filaments that extend from the outer ring of the nuclear pore complex 
E) the transporter

Question 12

How short must the poly(A)tail get to cause the mRNA to be degraded rapidly?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 adenosine residue 
B) about 10 adenosine residues 
C) about 100 adenosine residues 
D) about 30 adenosine residues 
E) about 75 adenosine residues 
A) 1 adenosine residue 
B) about 10 adenosine residues 
C) about 100 adenosine residues 
D) about 30 adenosine residues 
E) about 75 adenosine residues

Question 13

The fact that chromosomes should become shorter and shorter with each round of cell division is referred to as the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) shortening contradiction 
B) the replication paradox 
C) the short end hypothesis 
D) the truncated end problem 
E) the end-replication problem 
A) shortening contradiction 
B) the replication paradox 
C) the short end hypothesis 
D) the truncated end problem 
E) the end-replication problem

Question 14

A specific internal sequence of amino acids that ensures that the protein containing it will not survive long within the cell is called a(n)_______.

Accepted Answer

A) degradicon 
B) degron 
C) proteolicron 
D) denocon 
E) codon 
A) degradicon 
B) degron 
C) proteolicron 
D) denocon 
E) codon

Question 15

Why was it initially expected that cloned animals might have a shorter life span?

Accepted Answer

A) The chromosomes of the donor nuclei had shortened telomeres. 
B) The chromosomes of the donor nuclei had lengthened telomeres. 
C) The egg cell had elevated telomerase. 
D) The donor cell had elevated telomerase. 
E) After transplant of the nucleus,telomerase levels climbed precipitously. 
A) The chromosomes of the donor nuclei had shortened telomeres. 
B) The chromosomes of the donor nuclei had lengthened telomeres. 
C) The egg cell had elevated telomerase. 
D) The donor cell had elevated telomerase. 
E) After transplant of the nucleus,telomerase levels climbed precipitously.

Question 16

What is the advantage of the highly condensed state of the DNA of mitotic chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) This state allows gene expression needed during mitosis. 
B) The highly condensed state favors delivery of an intact package of DNA to each daughter cell. 
C) The condensed state allows chromosomes to fuse more easily. 
D) The condensed state allows replication to occur more rapidly as the cell enters mitosis. 
E) The condensed state favors DNA repair prior to mitosis. 
A) This state allows gene expression needed during mitosis. 
B) The highly condensed state favors delivery of an intact package of DNA to each daughter cell. 
C) The condensed state allows chromosomes to fuse more easily. 
D) The condensed state allows replication to occur more rapidly as the cell enters mitosis. 
E) The condensed state favors DNA repair prior to mitosis.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a transcription factor identified as important for maintaining pluripotency in ES cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Oct4 
B) Myc 
C) Cal 
D) Sox2 
E) Klf4 
A) Oct4 
B) Myc 
C) Cal 
D) Sox2 
E) Klf4

Question 18

Which of the following would be the most acceptable explanation for why cloned animals actually have telomeres of normal length on their chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) The telomeres were elongated before transfer to the egg by telomerase in egg cell cytoplasm. 
B) The telomeres were elongated after transfer to the egg by telomerase in egg cell cytoplasm. 
C) The telomeres were shortened before transfer to the egg by telomerase in egg cell cytoplasm. 
D) The telomeres were shortened after transfer to the egg by telomerase in egg cell cytoplasm. 
E) The telomeres were replaced prior to mitosis by DNA repair. 
A) The telomeres were elongated before transfer to the egg by telomerase in egg cell cytoplasm. 
B) The telomeres were elongated after transfer to the egg by telomerase in egg cell cytoplasm. 
C) The telomeres were shortened before transfer to the egg by telomerase in egg cell cytoplasm. 
D) The telomeres were shortened after transfer to the egg by telomerase in egg cell cytoplasm. 
E) The telomeres were replaced prior to mitosis by DNA repair.

Question 19

What is a regulatory protein for a gene? It binds to specific DNA sequences with high affinity and plays a predominant role in determining if a genome segment is transcribed or not.

Accepted Answer

A) the operator 
B) the terminator 
C) the promoter 
D) the repressor 
E) the structural genes 
A) the operator 
B) the terminator 
C) the promoter 
D) the repressor 
E) the structural genes

Question 20

What evidence would suggest that histone acetylation provides a recognizable surface to recruit proteins that bind to acetylated histones?

Accepted Answer

A) Mutation of a lysine in the tail of histone H3 in a promoter region to an alanine,which cannot be acetylated,prevents the binding of transcription factors that normally bind to that promoter. 
B) Lysines interfere with the binding of transcription factors to histone H3K9. 
C) Alanines bind to transcription factors very tightly. 
D) Histone H3K9 cannot be acetylated and therefore does not bind transcription factors. 
E) Acetylation of histone H3K9 inhibits binding of transcription factors. 
A) Mutation of a lysine in the tail of histone H3 in a promoter region to an alanine,which cannot be acetylated,prevents the binding of transcription factors that normally bind to that promoter. 
B) Lysines interfere with the binding of transcription factors to histone H3K9. 
C) Alanines bind to transcription factors very tightly. 
D) Histone H3K9 cannot be acetylated and therefore does not bind transcription factors. 
E) Acetylation of histone H3K9 inhibits binding of transcription factors.

What distinguishes the regulatory,noncoding RNA that is suspected of being responsible for X chromosome inactivation from other noncoding RNA molecules?

The type of control exercised if the interaction of a regulatory protein and DNA inhibits transcription.

The operator __________.

The enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones in the chromatin are ________.

Which of the following is not included within the nucleus of a typical interphase (nonmitotic)cell?

The extent to which a given gene is transcribed presumably depends upon __________.

What kinds of proteins are usually recognized by the cap of a proteasome?

What evidence suggests that RNAi plays a role in heterochromatization?

What is the normal length of a poly(A)tail?

The basic amino acid stretch in bZip proteins _______.

To what is the NLS - protein cargo - importing $\alpha$ / $\beta$ complex thought to bind when it seems to dock to the outer surface of the nucleus near the nuclear pore complex?

How short must the poly(A)tail get to cause the mRNA to be degraded rapidly?

The fact that chromosomes should become shorter and shorter with each round of cell division is referred to as the ________.

A specific internal sequence of amino acids that ensures that the protein containing it will not survive long within the cell is called a(n)_______.

Why was it initially expected that cloned animals might have a shorter life span?

What is the advantage of the highly condensed state of the DNA of mitotic chromosomes?

Which of the following is not a transcription factor identified as important for maintaining pluripotency in ES cells?

Which of the following would be the most acceptable explanation for why cloned animals actually have telomeres of normal length on their chromosomes?

What is a regulatory protein for a gene? It binds to specific DNA sequences with high affinity and plays a predominant role in determining if a genome segment is transcribed or not.

What evidence would suggest that histone acetylation provides a recognizable surface to recruit proteins that bind to acetylated histones?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 12: Control of Gene Expression

What distinguishes the regulatory,noncoding RNA that is suspected of being responsible for X chromosome inactivation from other noncoding RNA molecules?

The type of control exercised if the interaction of a regulatory protein and DNA inhibits transcription.

The operator __________.

The enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones in the chromatin are ________.

Which of the following is not included within the nucleus of a typical interphase (nonmitotic)cell?

The extent to which a given gene is transcribed presumably depends upon __________.

What kinds of proteins are usually recognized by the cap of a proteasome?

What evidence suggests that RNAi plays a role in heterochromatization?

What is the normal length of a poly(A)tail?

The basic amino acid stretch in bZip proteins _______.

To what is the NLS - protein cargo - importing α\alphaα / β\betaβ complex thought to bind when it seems to dock to the outer surface of the nucleus near the nuclear pore complex?

How short must the poly(A)tail get to cause the mRNA to be degraded rapidly?

The fact that chromosomes should become shorter and shorter with each round of cell division is referred to as the ________.

A specific internal sequence of amino acids that ensures that the protein containing it will not survive long within the cell is called a(n)_______.

Why was it initially expected that cloned animals might have a shorter life span?

What is the advantage of the highly condensed state of the DNA of mitotic chromosomes?

Which of the following is not a transcription factor identified as important for maintaining pluripotency in ES cells?

Which of the following would be the most acceptable explanation for why cloned animals actually have telomeres of normal length on their chromosomes?

What is a regulatory protein for a gene? It binds to specific DNA sequences with high affinity and plays a predominant role in determining if a genome segment is transcribed or not.

What evidence would suggest that histone acetylation provides a recognizable surface to recruit proteins that bind to acetylated histones?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, Function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

To what is the NLS - protein cargo - importing $\alpha$ / $\beta$ complex thought to bind when it seems to dock to the outer surface of the nucleus near the nuclear pore complex?