Question 1

Synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which brain structure regulates the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  the amygdala 
B)  the hippocampus 
C)  the thalamus 
D)  the hypothalamus 
A)  the amygdala 
B)  the hippocampus 
C)  the thalamus 
D)  the hypothalamus

Question 3

Astrocytes, the most abundant cells in the human brain, provide connections between neurons and blood vessels, and are involved in brain development and the communication of information among neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Standing at an arrival gate, you scan the faces of the passengers as they walk off the plane, looking for your friend. You process this visual information in your:

Accepted Answer

A)  occipital lobe. 
B)  parietal lobe. 
C)  frontal lobe. 
D)  temporal lobe. 
A)  occipital lobe. 
B)  parietal lobe. 
C)  frontal lobe. 
D)  temporal lobe.

Question 5

Hank is a professional athlete who has suffered multiple concussions during his career. As a result of these cumulative traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), he is suffering various symptoms, such as dizziness, blurred and double vision, slurred speech, and memory loss. If he seeks medical attention, he will almost certainly be diagnosed with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a degenerative brain disease that can only be diagnosed after death.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Diffusion spectrum imaging can produce three-dimensional images of the neural pathways that connect one part of the brain to another. These pathways, sometimes called tracts, are made up of bundles of myelinated axons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The chapter Prologue described the story of a young university professor named Asha, who suffered a stroke. Because Asha experienced some damage to the motor areas on the left side of her brain, she experienced:

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle weakness on the left and right sides of her body. 
B)  muscle weakness only on the right side of her body. 
C)  no muscle impairment. 
D)  muscle weakness only on the left side of her body. 
A)  muscle weakness on the left and right sides of her body. 
B)  muscle weakness only on the right side of her body. 
C)  no muscle impairment. 
D)  muscle weakness only on the left side of her body.

Question 9

Another word for epinephrine is:

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenaline. 
B)  progesterone. 
C)  glutamate. 
D)  testosterone. 
A)  adrenaline. 
B)  progesterone. 
C)  glutamate. 
D)  testosterone.

Question 10

The branch of psychology that studies the relationship between behavior and bodily processes and systems is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  biological psychology. 
B)  clinical psychology. 
C)  cognitive physiology. 
D)  forensic psychology. 
A)  biological psychology. 
B)  clinical psychology. 
C)  cognitive physiology. 
D)  forensic psychology.

Question 11

_____ is to Alzheimer's disease as _____ is to Parkinson's disease.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dopamine; serotonin 
B)  Acetylcholine; dopamine 
C)  Serotonin; norepinephrine 
D)  Norepinephrine; serotonin 
A)  Dopamine; serotonin 
B)  Acetylcholine; dopamine 
C)  Serotonin; norepinephrine 
D)  Norepinephrine; serotonin

Question 12

Which of the following is the sequence of ion movements that causes an action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium ions move into the axon, and then potassium ions move out of the axon. 
B)  Sodium ions move out of the axon, and then potassium ions move into the dendrite. 
C)  Potassium ions move out of the dendrite, and then sodium ions move into the axon. 
D)  Sodium ions move out of the axon, and then potassium ions move into the axon. 
A)  Sodium ions move into the axon, and then potassium ions move out of the axon. 
B)  Sodium ions move out of the axon, and then potassium ions move into the dendrite. 
C)  Potassium ions move out of the dendrite, and then sodium ions move into the axon. 
D)  Sodium ions move out of the axon, and then potassium ions move into the axon.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about action potentials is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Partial action potentials result in fewer neurotransmitter molecules being released than whole action potentials. 
B)  Action potentials operate under the all-or-none law, which means that action potentials either move all sodium ions across the membrane or none of the sodium ions across the membrane. 
C)  Once an action potential is started, it is self-sustaining and continues to the end of the axon. 
D)  Action potentials regenerate themselves during their refractory periods when the axon membrane is depolarized. 
A)  Partial action potentials result in fewer neurotransmitter molecules being released than whole action potentials. 
B)  Action potentials operate under the all-or-none law, which means that action potentials either move all sodium ions across the membrane or none of the sodium ions across the membrane. 
C)  Once an action potential is started, it is self-sustaining and continues to the end of the axon. 
D)  Action potentials regenerate themselves during their refractory periods when the axon membrane is depolarized.

Question 14

Explain what concussion and traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are, describe their relationship to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and list the causes and symptoms of CTE.

Accepted Answer

Concussion and traumatic brain injuries

Question 15

In what area of the adult primate brain have researchers found evidence of growth of new neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  the pons 
B)  the hippocampus 
C)  the medulla 
D)  the thalamus 
A)  the pons 
B)  the hippocampus 
C)  the medulla 
D)  the thalamus

Question 16

Neurons are:

Accepted Answer

A)  found in primates and humans but not in other animals. 
B)  highly specialized cells that receive and transmit information from one area of the body to another. 
C)  found only in the spinal cord and bone marrow. 
D)  highly specialized cells that produce myelin. 
A)  found in primates and humans but not in other animals. 
B)  highly specialized cells that receive and transmit information from one area of the body to another. 
C)  found only in the spinal cord and bone marrow. 
D)  highly specialized cells that produce myelin.

Question 17

In combination, the brain and spinal cord make up the:

Accepted Answer

A)  peripheral nervous system. 
B)  autonomic nervous system. 
C)  central nervous system. 
D)  somatic nervous system. 
A)  peripheral nervous system. 
B)  autonomic nervous system. 
C)  central nervous system. 
D)  somatic nervous system.

Question 18

What occurs during the refractory period?

Accepted Answer

A)  The neuron depolarizes. 
B)  Neurotransmitters are released by the dendrites. 
C)  The charge of the neuron's interior increases to about +60 millivolts. 
D)  The neuron reestablishes the negative-inside/positive-outside condition. 
A)  The neuron depolarizes. 
B)  Neurotransmitters are released by the dendrites. 
C)  The charge of the neuron's interior increases to about +60 millivolts. 
D)  The neuron reestablishes the negative-inside/positive-outside condition.

Question 19

The case of Dave Duerson is discussed in the feature In Focus: Traumatic Brain Injury: From Concussion to Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Duerson's symptoms included severe headaches, memory problems, depressive symptoms, and impulses he couldn't control. 
B)  After he died, an autopsy of his brain confirmed that Duerson had advanced CTE. 
C)  CAT scans revealed that Duerson had suffered multiple concussions, and he was diagnosed with CTE, but with extensive treatment made a complete recovery. 
D)  Duerson took his own life and it is now believed that advanced CTE probably contributed to his depressive symptoms and suicide. 
A)  Duerson's symptoms included severe headaches, memory problems, depressive symptoms, and impulses he couldn't control. 
B)  After he died, an autopsy of his brain confirmed that Duerson had advanced CTE. 
C)  CAT scans revealed that Duerson had suffered multiple concussions, and he was diagnosed with CTE, but with extensive treatment made a complete recovery. 
D)  Duerson took his own life and it is now believed that advanced CTE probably contributed to his depressive symptoms and suicide.

Question 20

Diffusion spectrum imaging can produce three-dimensional images of the neural pathways that connect one part of the brain to another. These neural pathways, sometimes called tracts, are made up of:

Accepted Answer

A)  cell bodies of neurons. 
B)  astrocytes. 
C)  dendrites of neurons. 
D)  bundles of myelinated axons. 
A)  cell bodies of neurons. 
B)  astrocytes. 
C)  dendrites of neurons. 
D)  bundles of myelinated axons.

Synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters.

Which brain structure regulates the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system?

Astrocytes, the most abundant cells in the human brain, provide connections between neurons and blood vessels, and are involved in brain development and the communication of information among neurons.

Standing at an arrival gate, you scan the faces of the passengers as they walk off the plane, looking for your friend. You process this visual information in your:

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a degenerative brain disease that can only be diagnosed after death.

Diffusion spectrum imaging can produce three-dimensional images of the neural pathways that connect one part of the brain to another. These pathways, sometimes called tracts, are made up of bundles of myelinated axons.

The chapter Prologue described the story of a young university professor named Asha, who suffered a stroke. Because Asha experienced some damage to the motor areas on the left side of her brain, she experienced:

Another word for epinephrine is:

The branch of psychology that studies the relationship between behavior and bodily processes and systems is called:

_ is to Alzheimer's disease as _ is to Parkinson's disease.

Which of the following is the sequence of ion movements that causes an action potential?

Which of the following statements about action potentials is TRUE?

Explain what concussion and traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are, describe their relationship to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and list the causes and symptoms of CTE.

In what area of the adult primate brain have researchers found evidence of growth of new neurons?

Neurons are:

In combination, the brain and spinal cord make up the:

What occurs during the refractory period?

The case of Dave Duerson is discussed in the feature In Focus: Traumatic Brain Injury: From Concussion to Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Diffusion spectrum imaging can produce three-dimensional images of the neural pathways that connect one part of the brain to another. These neural pathways, sometimes called tracts, are made up of:

Introduction and Research Methods

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

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Exam 2: Neuroscience and Behavior

Synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters.

Which brain structure regulates the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system?

Astrocytes, the most abundant cells in the human brain, provide connections between neurons and blood vessels, and are involved in brain development and the communication of information among neurons.

Standing at an arrival gate, you scan the faces of the passengers as they walk off the plane, looking for your friend. You process this visual information in your:

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a degenerative brain disease that can only be diagnosed after death.

Diffusion spectrum imaging can produce three-dimensional images of the neural pathways that connect one part of the brain to another. These pathways, sometimes called tracts, are made up of bundles of myelinated axons.

The chapter Prologue described the story of a young university professor named Asha, who suffered a stroke. Because Asha experienced some damage to the motor areas on the left side of her brain, she experienced:

Another word for epinephrine is:

The branch of psychology that studies the relationship between behavior and bodily processes and systems is called:

_____ is to Alzheimer's disease as _____ is to Parkinson's disease.

Which of the following is the sequence of ion movements that causes an action potential?

Which of the following statements about action potentials is TRUE?

Explain what concussion and traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are, describe their relationship to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and list the causes and symptoms of CTE.

In what area of the adult primate brain have researchers found evidence of growth of new neurons?

Neurons are:

In combination, the brain and spinal cord make up the:

What occurs during the refractory period?

The case of Dave Duerson is discussed in the feature In Focus: Traumatic Brain Injury: From Concussion to Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Diffusion spectrum imaging can produce three-dimensional images of the neural pathways that connect one part of the brain to another. These neural pathways, sometimes called tracts, are made up of:

Introduction and Research Methods

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

_ is to Alzheimer's disease as _ is to Parkinson's disease.