Exam 2: Neuroscience and Behavior

What is a function of cerebrospinal fluid?

During a rest stop while hiking, Phil was bitten by a black widow spider. Shortly after being bitten, he started having breathing difficulties, then experienced muscle spasms. The symptoms he experienced occurred because the black widow spider's venom:

In males, the gonads are the testes, which produce hormones called androgens, the most important of which is testosterone.

Daily rhythms of sleep and wakefulness are regulated by the _____, which is located in the _____.

People with Broca's aphasia find it difficult or impossible to produce speech.

Along with neurons, the human nervous system is made up of glial cells, which outnumber neurons by about 10 to 1.

Broca's aphasia is to _____ as Wernicke's aphasia is to _____.

What was the logic behind the first experimental split-brain operations on humans?

As you are taking a test, you inadvertently drop your pencil, reach down, pick it up, and put it back on the desk. This voluntary action involves motor signals that are communicated to your muscles via the _____ nervous system.

About 12 to 15 seconds elapse during the entire sequence of a neuron's activating, generating an action potential, and then reestablishing the ability to fire again.

An antagonist is a drug or other chemical that binds to a receptor site and triggers a response in the cell.

The two subdivisions of the peripheral nervous system are the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.

If a postsynaptic neuron receives an excitatory and an inhibitory message at the same time, what happens?

The brain is active almost all the time, and we use virtually every part of it.

Evidence suggests that the addictiveness of some drugs, including cocaine and nicotine, is related to increases in the activity of which of the following neurotransmitters?

An antagonist is a drug or other chemical that:

_____ remove waste products from the nervous system, including dead and damaged neurons.

While the neuron is in resting potential, the fluid surrounding the axon contains a larger concentration of sodium ions than does the fluid within the axon.

Prozac and cocaine are very different drugs, but they achieve their effects by the same mechanism. What is that mechanism?

The action potential is slower in myelinated neurons, because it has to travel the entire length of the axon rather than being able to jump from one node of Ranvier to the next.