Question 1

In the above study, which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The type of alcohol could be a confounding variable. 
B)  It is appropriate to analyse the results using a paired sample t-test. 
C)  The experiment has two dependent variables. 
D)  The experiment has two independent variables. 
A)  The type of alcohol could be a confounding variable. 
B)  It is appropriate to analyse the results using a paired sample t-test. 
C)  The experiment has two dependent variables. 
D)  The experiment has two independent variables. B

Question 2

The value of r (the effect size) is calculated as r = .75. What does this tell you about the data?

Accepted Answer

A)  A large effect and so not significant 
B)  A very large effect and so highly significant 
C)  A small effect and therefore not significant 
D)  A very small effect and not significant 
A)  A large effect and so not significant 
B)  A very large effect and so highly significant 
C)  A small effect and therefore not significant 
D)  A very small effect and not significant B

Question 3

An independent t-test is used to test for

Accepted Answer

A)  Differences between means of groups containing different people when the data are normally distributed, have equal variances and data are at least interval. 
B)  Differences between means of groups containing different people when the data are not normally distributed or have unequal variances. 
C)  Differences between means of groups containing the same people when the data are normally distributed, have equal variances and are at least interval. 
A)  Differences between means of groups containing different people when the data are normally distributed, have equal variances and data are at least interval. 
B)  Differences between means of groups containing different people when the data are not normally distributed or have unequal variances. 
C)  Differences between means of groups containing the same people when the data are normally distributed, have equal variances and are at least interval. A

Question 4

An dependent t-test is used to test for

Accepted Answer

A)  Differences between means of groups containing different people when the data are normally distributed, have equal variances and data are at least interval. 
B)  Differences between means of groups containing different people when the data are not normally distributed or have unequal variances. 
C)  Differences between means of groups containing the same people when the data are normally distributed, have equal variances and are at least interval. 
A)  Differences between means of groups containing different people when the data are normally distributed, have equal variances and data are at least interval. 
B)  Differences between means of groups containing different people when the data are not normally distributed or have unequal variances. 
C)  Differences between means of groups containing the same people when the data are normally distributed, have equal variances and are at least interval.

Question 5

The t-test can be characterized as a regression (linear) model if

Accepted Answer

A)  The outcome variable is categorical. 
B)  The groups have equal sample sizes. 
C)  The experimental groups are represented by a binary variable . 
D)  A t-test is always different from regression. 
A)  The outcome variable is categorical. 
B)  The groups have equal sample sizes. 
C)  The experimental groups are represented by a binary variable . 
D)  A t-test is always different from regression.

Question 6

When using the independent t-test which assumption(s) should be made?

Accepted Answer

A)  Normally distributed sample 
B)  Homogeneity of variance 
C)  Data at least categorical 
D)  a and b 
A)  Normally distributed sample 
B)  Homogeneity of variance 
C)  Data at least categorical 
D)  a and b

Question 7

Which of the following is not an example of a dummy variable?

Accepted Answer

A) age > 20 = 1 B) sex (Male) = 0 C) age < 20 =0 D) gender A) age > 20 = 1 B) sex (Male) = 0 C) age < 20 =0 D) gender

Question 8

The t-test tests for

Accepted Answer

A)  Differences between means. 
B)  Whether a correlation is significant. 
C)  Whether a regression coefficient is equal to zero. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  Differences between means. 
B)  Whether a correlation is significant. 
C)  Whether a regression coefficient is equal to zero. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 9

From the table below, did the independent variable have an effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes, there is a statistically significant effect. 
B)  Yes, but the effect was not statistically significant. 
C)  Not enough information. 
D)  No, it is not statistically insignificant. 
A)  Yes, there is a statistically significant effect. 
B)  Yes, but the effect was not statistically significant. 
C)  Not enough information. 
D)  No, it is not statistically insignificant.

Question 10

Which of the following would you consider to be an example of repeated-measures design?

Accepted Answer

A)  6 participants are given analgesia and 6 a placebo; effects of pain relief after 4 hours is recorded. 
B)  12 participants are given analgesia, 6 are asked to record pain level after 2 hours and the remaining 6 participants after 4 hours. 
C)  12 participants are asked to record pain level after 4 hours then given analgesia. 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  6 participants are given analgesia and 6 a placebo; effects of pain relief after 4 hours is recorded. 
B)  12 participants are given analgesia, 6 are asked to record pain level after 2 hours and the remaining 6 participants after 4 hours. 
C)  12 participants are asked to record pain level after 4 hours then given analgesia. 
D)  None of the above.

Question 11

In a study of elderly experience of nursing care given at home versus nursing care given in a hospital, the following results are reported: 'Participants preferred medical care at home (M = 56, SE = 1.34) to being cared for in a hospital (M = 48, SE = 1.23). The difference is noted as t(18) = 4.40, p < .05 with an effect size of r = .72.' What does this mean in terms of the significance of the study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Highly significant with a medium sized effect 
B)  Highly significant with a substantial effect size 
C)  Not significant with a medium sized effect 
D)  Not significant but a substantial effect size 
A)  Highly significant with a medium sized effect 
B)  Highly significant with a substantial effect size 
C)  Not significant with a medium sized effect 
D)  Not significant but a substantial effect size

Question 12

Which of the following is not a function of the t-test?

Accepted Answer

A)  To test whether a correlation coefficient is different from 0 
B)  To test whether a regression coefficient b is different from 0 
C)  To test whether group means are equal 
D)  To test whether two group means are different 
A)  To test whether a correlation coefficient is different from 0 
B)  To test whether a regression coefficient b is different from 0 
C)  To test whether group means are equal 
D)  To test whether two group means are different

Question 13

A psychologist was interested in whether there was a gender difference in the use of email. She hypothesized that because women are generally better communicators than men, they would spend longer using email than their male counterparts. To test this hypothesis, the researcher sat by the email computers in her research methods laboratory and when someone started using email, she noted whether they were male or female and then timed how long they spent using email (in minutes). What should she report?

Accepted Answer

A)  Females spent significantly longer using email than males, t(7.18) = -1.90, p < .05. 
B)  Females spent significantly longer using email than males, t(14) = -1.90, p < .05. 
C)  Females and males did not significantly differ in the time spent using email, t(7.18) = -1.88, ns. 
D)  Females and males did not significantly differ in the time spent using email, t(14) = -1.88, ns. 
A)  Females spent significantly longer using email than males, t(7.18) = -1.90, p < .05. 
B)  Females spent significantly longer using email than males, t(14) = -1.90, p < .05. 
C)  Females and males did not significantly differ in the time spent using email, t(7.18) = -1.88, ns. 
D)  Females and males did not significantly differ in the time spent using email, t(14) = -1.88, ns.

Question 14

When might the independent t-test be used?

Accepted Answer

A)  One experimental condition and all participants used in that condition 
B)  Two experimental conditions and all participants used in both conditions 
C)  Two experimental conditions and different participants used in each condition 
D)  None of the above 
A)  One experimental condition and all participants used in that condition 
B)  Two experimental conditions and all participants used in both conditions 
C)  Two experimental conditions and different participants used in each condition 
D)  None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a parametric test?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wilcoxon rank-sum test 
B)  Mann-Whitney test 
C)  Dependent t-test 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Wilcoxon rank-sum test 
B)  Mann-Whitney test 
C)  Dependent t-test 
D)  None of the above

Question 16

A researcher was interested in the effects of emotion-evoking music on exam performance. Before their SPSS exam, a lecturer took one group of students to a room in which calming music was being played. A different group of students were taken to another room in which the 'death march' was being played. The students then did the exam and their marks were noted. The SPSS output is below. The experimenter made no predictions about which form of support would produce the best exam performance. What should he report?

Accepted Answer

A)  Students receiving positive music before the exam did significantly better than those receiving negative music, t(38) = 2.05, p < .05. 
B)  Marks for students receiving positive music before the exam did not significantly differ from students receiving negative music, t(38) = 2.05, ns. 
C)  Students receiving positive music before the exam did significantly better than those receiving negative music, t(23.12) = 2.05, p < .05, one-tailed. 
D)  Marks for students receiving positive music before the exam did not significantly differ from students receiving negative music, t(23.12) = 2.05, ns. 
A)  Students receiving positive music before the exam did significantly better than those receiving negative music, t(38) = 2.05, p < .05. 
B)  Marks for students receiving positive music before the exam did not significantly differ from students receiving negative music, t(38) = 2.05, ns. 
C)  Students receiving positive music before the exam did significantly better than those receiving negative music, t(23.12) = 2.05, p < .05, one-tailed. 
D)  Marks for students receiving positive music before the exam did not significantly differ from students receiving negative music, t(23.12) = 2.05, ns.

Question 17

What is important to understand about differences between variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  Relationships can be established. 
B)  Random studies can be undertaken. 
C)  Causal inferences can be made. 
D)  Relationships between variables can be significant. 
A)  Relationships can be established. 
B)  Random studies can be undertaken. 
C)  Causal inferences can be made. 
D)  Relationships between variables can be significant.

Question 18

A repeated-measures design would be appropriate for which of the following situations?

Accepted Answer

A)  A researcher would like to study the effect of alcohol on reaction time. 
B)  A researcher would like to compare individuals from at least two populations. 
C)  The effect of a new treatment is studied in a small group of individuals with a rare condition. 
D)  a and 
A)  A researcher would like to study the effect of alcohol on reaction time. 
B)  A researcher would like to compare individuals from at least two populations. 
C)  The effect of a new treatment is studied in a small group of individuals with a rare condition. 
D)  a and

Question 19

From the table below, indicate how many people took part in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  37 
B)  38 
C)  39 
D)  40 
A)  37 
B)  38 
C)  39 
D)  40

Question 20

Which of the following is an independent-measures design?

Accepted Answer

A)  All participants perform in all conditions. 
B)  Each participant is tested twice, once in each condition. 
C)  Different participants perform in each condition. 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  All participants perform in all conditions. 
B)  Each participant is tested twice, once in each condition. 
C)  Different participants perform in each condition. 
D)  None of the above.

In the above study, which statement is true?

The value of r (the effect size) is calculated as r = .75. What does this tell you about the data?

An independent t-test is used to test for

An dependent t-test is used to test for

The t-test can be characterized as a regression (linear) model if

When using the independent t-test which assumption(s) should be made?

Which of the following is not an example of a dummy variable?

The t-test tests for

From the table below, did the independent variable have an effect?

Which of the following would you consider to be an example of repeated-measures design?

Which of the following is not a function of the t-test?

When might the independent t-test be used?

Which of the following is an example of a parametric test?

What is important to understand about differences between variables?

A repeated-measures design would be appropriate for which of the following situations?

From the table below, indicate how many people took part in this experiment?

Which of the following is an independent-measures design?

Why Is My Evil Lecturer Forcing Me to Learn Statistics

The Spine of Statistics

The Phoenix of Statistics

The Ibm Spss Statistics Environment

Exploring Data With Graphs

The Beast of Bias

Non-Parametric Models

Correlation

The Linear Model Regression

Moderation, Mediation and Multicategory Predictors

Glm 1: Comparing Several Independent Means

Glm 2: Comparing Means Adjusted for Other Predictors Analysis of Covariance

Glm 3: Factorial Designs

Glm 4: Repeated-Measures Designs

Glm 5: Mixed Designs

Multivariate Analysis of Variance Manova

Exploratory Factor Analysis

Categorical Outcomes: Chi-Square and Loglinear Analysis

Categorical Outcomes: Logistic Regression

Multilevel Linear Models

Filters

Exam 10: Comparing Two Means

In the above study, which statement is true?

The value of r (the effect size) is calculated as r = .75. What does this tell you about the data?

An independent t-test is used to test for

An dependent t-test is used to test for

The t-test can be characterized as a regression (linear) model if

When using the independent t-test which assumption(s) should be made?

Which of the following is not an example of a dummy variable?

The t-test tests for

From the table below, did the independent variable have an effect?

Which of the following would you consider to be an example of repeated-measures design?

Which of the following is not a function of the t-test?

When might the independent t-test be used?

Which of the following is an example of a parametric test?

What is important to understand about differences between variables?

A repeated-measures design would be appropriate for which of the following situations?

From the table below, indicate how many people took part in this experiment?

Which of the following is an independent-measures design?

Why Is My Evil Lecturer Forcing Me to Learn Statistics

The Spine of Statistics

The Phoenix of Statistics

The Ibm Spss Statistics Environment

Exploring Data With Graphs

The Beast of Bias

Non-Parametric Models

Correlation

The Linear Model Regression

Moderation, Mediation and Multicategory Predictors

Glm 1: Comparing Several Independent Means

Glm 2: Comparing Means Adjusted for Other Predictors Analysis of Covariance

Glm 3: Factorial Designs

Glm 4: Repeated-Measures Designs

Glm 5: Mixed Designs

Multivariate Analysis of Variance Manova

Exploratory Factor Analysis

Categorical Outcomes: Chi-Square and Loglinear Analysis

Categorical Outcomes: Logistic Regression

Multilevel Linear Models

Filters