Question 1

NPP varies with _____ around the world.

Accepted Answer

A)  elevation 
B)  soil type 
C)  longitude 
D)  latitude 
A)  elevation 
B)  soil type 
C)  longitude 
D)  latitude

Question 2

What accounts for the pyramid shape of the diagram that represents energy in trophic groups in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Energy produced by consumers is greater than energy stored by producers. 
B)  Energy stored by consumers is greater than energy stored by producers. 
C)  Energy is gained as it moves from one trophic level to the next. 
D)  Energy is lost as it moves from one trophic level to the next. 
A)  Energy produced by consumers is greater than energy stored by producers. 
B)  Energy stored by consumers is greater than energy stored by producers. 
C)  Energy is gained as it moves from one trophic level to the next. 
D)  Energy is lost as it moves from one trophic level to the next.

Question 3

Assimilation energy is the percentage of consumed energy that is

Accepted Answer

A)  used for reproduction. 
B)  digested and absorbed. 
C)  used for growth. 
D)  consumed by the next higher trophic level. 
A)  used for reproduction. 
B)  digested and absorbed. 
C)  used for growth. 
D)  consumed by the next higher trophic level.

Question 4

What percentage of solar energy is captured by plants for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  50 percent 
B)  1 percent 
C)  99 percent 
D)  25 percent 
A)  50 percent 
B)  1 percent 
C)  99 percent 
D)  25 percent

Question 5

Aquatic ecosystems typically have ____ trophic levels, while terrestrial ecosystems typically have _____ trophic levels.

Accepted Answer

A)  two; three 
B)  four; five 
C)  three or four; six 
D)  five; three or four 
A)  two; three 
B)  four; five 
C)  three or four; six 
D)  five; three or four

Question 6

What proportion of solar radiation captured by photosynthesis is used for plant growth and reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  60 percent 
B)  80 percent 
C)  50 percent 
D)  40 percent 
A)  60 percent 
B)  80 percent 
C)  50 percent 
D)  40 percent

Question 7

The study of the balance of nutrients in ecological interactions is called

Accepted Answer

A)  ecosystem ecology. 
B)  ecological stoichiometry. 
C)  chemical ecology. 
D)  stoichiometric biochemistry. 
A)  ecosystem ecology. 
B)  ecological stoichiometry. 
C)  chemical ecology. 
D)  stoichiometric biochemistry.

Question 8

In addition to nitrogen and phosphorus, what nutrients can limit productivity in the open ocean?

Accepted Answer

A)  silicon and magnesium 
B)  silicon and iron 
C)  manganese and iron 
D)  molybdenum and manganese 
A)  silicon and magnesium 
B)  silicon and iron 
C)  manganese and iron 
D)  molybdenum and manganese

Question 9

Which of the following ecosystems has the lowest levels of primary productivity?

Accepted Answer

A)  desert scrub 
B)  temperate grassland 
C)  savannah 
D)  tundra 
A)  desert scrub 
B)  temperate grassland 
C)  savannah 
D)  tundra

Question 10

Biomass residence time is the length of time that

Accepted Answer

A)  biomass takes to move through the food chain. 
B)  energy takes to move through the food chain. 
C)  energy spends in a given trophic level. 
D)  biomass spends in a given trophic level. 
A)  biomass takes to move through the food chain. 
B)  energy takes to move through the food chain. 
C)  energy spends in a given trophic level. 
D)  biomass spends in a given trophic level.

Question 11

As a rule of thumb, ecologists use _____ as a value for food chain efficiency.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 percent 
B)  25 percent 
C)  15 percent 
D)  20 percent 
A)  10 percent 
B)  25 percent 
C)  15 percent 
D)  20 percent

Question 12

When an animal eats fruit with hard seeds that cannot be digested and are excreted whole as a waste product, the seeds constitute _____ energy.

Accepted Answer

A)  assimilated 
B)  egested 
C)  respired 
D)  kinetic 
A)  assimilated 
B)  egested 
C)  respired 
D)  kinetic

Question 13

Net primary productivity is calculated as

Accepted Answer

A)  GPP ÷ respiration. 
B)  GPP × respiration. 
C)  respiration − GPP. 
D)  GPP − respiration. 
A)  GPP ÷ respiration. 
B)  GPP × respiration. 
C)  respiration − GPP. 
D)  GPP − respiration.

Question 14

The percentage of energy or biomass in a trophic level that is consumed by the next higher trophic level is called _____ efficiency.

Accepted Answer

A)  consumption 
B)  predation 
C)  assimilation 
D)  net production 
A)  consumption 
B)  predation 
C)  assimilation 
D)  net production

Question 15

The rate of consumer biomass accumulation in a given area is called _____ productivity.

Accepted Answer

A)  gross secondary 
B)  net secondary 
C)  gross primary 
D)  net primary 
A)  gross secondary 
B)  net secondary 
C)  gross primary 
D)  net primary

Question 16

Which of the following ecosystems has the highest levels of primary productivity?

Accepted Answer

A)  coral reef 
B)  swamp 
C)  lake 
D)  salt marsh 
A)  coral reef 
B)  swamp 
C)  lake 
D)  salt marsh

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT used to measure primary production?

Accepted Answer

A)  uptake and release of O2 
B)  net movement of 14C 
C)  release of CO2 
D)  changes in standing crop 
A)  uptake and release of O2 
B)  net movement of 14C 
C)  release of CO2 
D)  changes in standing crop

Question 18

A trophic level has a biomass residence time of 5 years and net productivity of 3 kg/m2/y. What is the biomass in the trophic level?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.7 kg/m2 
B)  15 kg/m2 
C)  0.6 kg/m2 
D)  2 kg/m2 
A)  1.7 kg/m2 
B)  15 kg/m2 
C)  0.6 kg/m2 
D)  2 kg/m2

NPP varies with _____ around the world.

What accounts for the pyramid shape of the diagram that represents energy in trophic groups in an ecosystem?

Assimilation energy is the percentage of consumed energy that is

What percentage of solar energy is captured by plants for photosynthesis?

Aquatic ecosystems typically have trophic levels, while terrestrial ecosystems typically have _ trophic levels.

What proportion of solar radiation captured by photosynthesis is used for plant growth and reproduction?

The study of the balance of nutrients in ecological interactions is called

In addition to nitrogen and phosphorus, what nutrients can limit productivity in the open ocean?

Which of the following ecosystems has the lowest levels of primary productivity?

Biomass residence time is the length of time that

As a rule of thumb, ecologists use _____ as a value for food chain efficiency.

When an animal eats fruit with hard seeds that cannot be digested and are excreted whole as a waste product, the seeds constitute _____ energy.

Net primary productivity is calculated as

The percentage of energy or biomass in a trophic level that is consumed by the next higher trophic level is called _____ efficiency.

The rate of consumer biomass accumulation in a given area is called _____ productivity.

Which of the following ecosystems has the highest levels of primary productivity?

Which of the following is NOT used to measure primary production?

A trophic level has a biomass residence time of 5 years and net productivity of 3 kg/m²/y. What is the biomass in the trophic level?

Introduction: Ecology, Evolution, and the Scientific Method

Adaptations to Aquatic Environments

Adaptations to Terrestrial Environments

Adaptations to Variable Environments

Climates and Soils

Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

Evolution and Adaptation

Life Histories

Reproductive Strategies

Social Behaviours

Population Distributions

Population Growth and Regulation

Population Dynamics Over Space and Time

Predation and Herbivory

Parasitism and Infectious Diseases

Competition

Community Structure

Community Succession

Movement of Elements in Ecosystems

Landscape Ecology, Biogeography, and Global Biodiversity

Global Conservation of Biodiversity

Filters

Exam 20: Movement of Energy in Ecosystems

NPP varies with _____ around the world.

What accounts for the pyramid shape of the diagram that represents energy in trophic groups in an ecosystem?

Assimilation energy is the percentage of consumed energy that is

What percentage of solar energy is captured by plants for photosynthesis?

Aquatic ecosystems typically have ____ trophic levels, while terrestrial ecosystems typically have _____ trophic levels.

What proportion of solar radiation captured by photosynthesis is used for plant growth and reproduction?

The study of the balance of nutrients in ecological interactions is called

In addition to nitrogen and phosphorus, what nutrients can limit productivity in the open ocean?

Which of the following ecosystems has the lowest levels of primary productivity?

Biomass residence time is the length of time that

As a rule of thumb, ecologists use _____ as a value for food chain efficiency.

When an animal eats fruit with hard seeds that cannot be digested and are excreted whole as a waste product, the seeds constitute _____ energy.

Net primary productivity is calculated as

The percentage of energy or biomass in a trophic level that is consumed by the next higher trophic level is called _____ efficiency.

The rate of consumer biomass accumulation in a given area is called _____ productivity.

Which of the following ecosystems has the highest levels of primary productivity?

Which of the following is NOT used to measure primary production?

A trophic level has a biomass residence time of 5 years and net productivity of 3 kg/m2/y. What is the biomass in the trophic level?

Introduction: Ecology, Evolution, and the Scientific Method

Adaptations to Aquatic Environments

Adaptations to Terrestrial Environments

Adaptations to Variable Environments

Climates and Soils

Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

Evolution and Adaptation

Life Histories

Reproductive Strategies

Social Behaviours

Population Distributions

Population Growth and Regulation

Population Dynamics Over Space and Time

Predation and Herbivory

Parasitism and Infectious Diseases

Competition

Community Structure

Community Succession

Movement of Elements in Ecosystems

Landscape Ecology, Biogeography, and Global Biodiversity

Global Conservation of Biodiversity

Filters

Aquatic ecosystems typically have trophic levels, while terrestrial ecosystems typically have _ trophic levels.

A trophic level has a biomass residence time of 5 years and net productivity of 3 kg/m²/y. What is the biomass in the trophic level?