Question 1

The scala naturae is the

Accepted Answer

A)  view that all of life can be arranged on a single scale from simple to complex. 
B)  ontogeny of an individual. 
C)  number of traits shared among species. 
D)  effect of an organism's environment on its development. 
A)  view that all of life can be arranged on a single scale from simple to complex. 
B)  ontogeny of an individual. 
C)  number of traits shared among species. 
D)  effect of an organism's environment on its development. A

Question 2

What is meant by the colinearity of Hox genes?

Accepted Answer

Colinearity means the order of the genes on the chromosome is the same as the order of the expression of the genes in the body. For example, in fruit flies, the genes associated with the development of mouth parts and eyes are found on the near end of the chromosome; genes associated with the thorax are found in the middle section of a chromosome; and genes associated with development of abdominal sections are found on the far end of the chromosome.

Question 3

Which of the Hox genes in fruit flies are responsible for the development of mouth parts?

Accepted Answer

A)  lab 
B)  Abd-B 
C)  MADS-box 
D)  Antp 
A)  lab 
B)  Abd-B 
C)  MADS-box 
D)  Antp A

Question 4

What is a noncoding stretch of DNA that controls the spatial and temporal expression of nearby genes on the same strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  a cis regulatory element 
B)  a trans regulatory element 
C)  a transcription factor 
D)  a homeobox 
A)  a cis regulatory element 
B)  a trans regulatory element 
C)  a transcription factor 
D)  a homeobox

Question 5

With recapitulation, a somatic trait can appear ________ in development or a reproductive trait ________ in development.

Accepted Answer

A)  earlier; later 
B)  earlier; earlier 
C)  later; later 
D)  later; earlier 
A)  earlier; later 
B)  earlier; earlier 
C)  later; later 
D)  later; earlier

Question 6

A totipotent cell

Accepted Answer

A)  is fixed into a single developmental pathway. 
B)  arises through homeotic transformation. 
C)  can differentiate into any adult cell. 
D)  will become a stem cell. 
A)  is fixed into a single developmental pathway. 
B)  arises through homeotic transformation. 
C)  can differentiate into any adult cell. 
D)  will become a stem cell.

Question 7

How can changes in genetic enhancers affect morphology?

Accepted Answer

The gain or loss of enhancers can alter

Question 8

Hagfish, lampreys, gnathostomes, mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are all vertebrates and are sometimes referred to as the subphylum Craniata: animals with a cranium. Amphioxus and ascidians are not in Craniata. How does mapping characters associated with the neural crest assist us in understanding the evolution of complex traits such as the cranium?

Accepted Answer

The neural crest is directly associated

Question 9

MADS-box genes affect

Accepted Answer

A)  fruit fly development. 
B)  segmentation in animals. 
C)  plant leaves, roots, and flowers. 
D)  lateral lines in fish. 
A)  fruit fly development. 
B)  segmentation in animals. 
C)  plant leaves, roots, and flowers. 
D)  lateral lines in fish.

Question 10

What evidence suggests that MADS-box genes are older than flowers?

Accepted Answer

MADS-box genes occur in nonflo

Question 11

Which of the following scientists developed the biogenetic law, which proposes that "ontogeny is a precise and compressed recapitulation of phylogeny"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Karl Ernst von Baer 
B)  William Bateson 
C)  Gavin de Beer 
D)  Ernst Haeckel 
A)  Karl Ernst von Baer 
B)  William Bateson 
C)  Gavin de Beer 
D)  Ernst Haeckel

Question 12

What is a paralog?

Accepted Answer

A)  a homeobox gene 
B)  an enhancer gene 
C)  a homologous gene 
D)  a duplicate of an existing gene 
A)  a homeobox gene 
B)  an enhancer gene 
C)  a homologous gene 
D)  a duplicate of an existing gene

Question 13

How does facultative neoteny in other species support the paedomorph advantage hypothesis for axolotls?

Accepted Answer

Under the paedomorph advantage hypothesi

Question 14

Process "B" shown in the figure is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  recapitulation via hypermorphosis 
B)  recapitulation via acceleration 
C)  paedomorphosis via progenesis 
D)  paedomorphosis via neoteny 
A)  recapitulation via hypermorphosis 
B)  recapitulation via acceleration 
C)  paedomorphosis via progenesis 
D)  paedomorphosis via neoteny

Question 15

With whom did the idea that life evolves from simple to complex begin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Darwin 
B)  William Bateson 
C)  the ancient Greeks 
D)  Karl Ernst von Baer 
A)  Charles Darwin 
B)  William Bateson 
C)  the ancient Greeks 
D)  Karl Ernst von Baer

Question 16

Describe the role that neural crest cells play in marsupial development.

Accepted Answer

Marsupials are born after a relatively s

Question 17

Based on the figure, how are transcription factors like a switch?

Accepted Answer

Transcription factors bind to regulatory

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding regulatory enhancers is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can be added through evolution. 
B)  They can be lost through evolution. 
C)  They can be associated with specific body parts. 
D)  They can be made of RNA. 
A)  They can be added through evolution. 
B)  They can be lost through evolution. 
C)  They can be associated with specific body parts. 
D)  They can be made of RNA.

Question 19

The figure shows the number of Hox gene clusters in different groups of animals. Which of the following is a true statement regarding the number of clusters in each group?

Accepted Answer

A)  Land vertebrates > All fish > Tunicates 
B)  All fish > Lancelets > Tunicates 
C)  Ray finned fishes > Lancelets > Land vertebrates 
D)  All fish > Lancelets > Land vertebrates 
A)  Land vertebrates > All fish > Tunicates 
B)  All fish > Lancelets > Tunicates 
C)  Ray finned fishes > Lancelets > Land vertebrates 
D)  All fish > Lancelets > Land vertebrates

Question 20

Explain how gains and losses of binding sites change morphology in the system illustrated in the figure. In the case of gains, assume that the transcription factors associated with the binding site are expressed in the appropriate tissue.

Accepted Answer

There are two enhancer regions upstream

The scala naturae is the

What is meant by the colinearity of Hox genes?

Which of the Hox genes in fruit flies are responsible for the development of mouth parts?

What is a noncoding stretch of DNA that controls the spatial and temporal expression of nearby genes on the same strand?

With recapitulation, a somatic trait can appear in development or a reproductive trait in development.

A totipotent cell

How can changes in genetic enhancers affect morphology?

MADS-box genes affect

What evidence suggests that MADS-box genes are older than flowers?

Which of the following scientists developed the biogenetic law, which proposes that "ontogeny is a precise and compressed recapitulation of phylogeny"?

What is a paralog?

How does facultative neoteny in other species support the paedomorph advantage hypothesis for axolotls?

Process "B" shown in the figure is an example of which of the following?

With whom did the idea that life evolves from simple to complex begin?

Describe the role that neural crest cells play in marsupial development.

Based on the figure, how are transcription factors like a switch?

Which of the following statements regarding regulatory enhancers is FALSE?

The figure shows the number of Hox gene clusters in different groups of animals. Which of the following is a true statement regarding the number of clusters in each group?

Explain how gains and losses of binding sites change morphology in the system illustrated in the figure. In the case of gains, assume that the transcription factors associated with the binding site are expressed in the appropriate tissue.

An Overview of Evolutionary Biology

Early Evolutionary Ideas and Darwin S Insight

Natural Selection

Phylogeny and Evolutionary History

Inferring Phylogeny

Transmission Genetics and the Sources of Genetic Variation

The Genetics of Populations

Evolution in Finite Populations

Evolution at Multiple Loci

Genome Evolution

The Origin and Evolution of Early Life

Major Transitions

Species and Speciation

Extinction and Evolutionary Trends

The Evolution of Sex

The Evolution of Sociality

Coevolution

Human Evolution

Evolution and Medicine

Filters

Exam 13: Evolution and Development

The scala naturae is the

What is meant by the colinearity of Hox genes?

Which of the Hox genes in fruit flies are responsible for the development of mouth parts?

What is a noncoding stretch of DNA that controls the spatial and temporal expression of nearby genes on the same strand?

With recapitulation, a somatic trait can appear ________ in development or a reproductive trait ________ in development.

A totipotent cell

How can changes in genetic enhancers affect morphology?

MADS-box genes affect

What evidence suggests that MADS-box genes are older than flowers?

Which of the following scientists developed the biogenetic law, which proposes that "ontogeny is a precise and compressed recapitulation of phylogeny"?

What is a paralog?

How does facultative neoteny in other species support the paedomorph advantage hypothesis for axolotls?

Process "B" shown in the figure is an example of which of the following?

With whom did the idea that life evolves from simple to complex begin?

Describe the role that neural crest cells play in marsupial development.

Based on the figure, how are transcription factors like a switch?

Which of the following statements regarding regulatory enhancers is FALSE?

The figure shows the number of Hox gene clusters in different groups of animals. Which of the following is a true statement regarding the number of clusters in each group?

Explain how gains and losses of binding sites change morphology in the system illustrated in the figure. In the case of gains, assume that the transcription factors associated with the binding site are expressed in the appropriate tissue.

An Overview of Evolutionary Biology

Early Evolutionary Ideas and Darwin S Insight

Natural Selection

Phylogeny and Evolutionary History

Inferring Phylogeny

Transmission Genetics and the Sources of Genetic Variation

The Genetics of Populations

Evolution in Finite Populations

Evolution at Multiple Loci

Genome Evolution

The Origin and Evolution of Early Life

Major Transitions

Species and Speciation

Extinction and Evolutionary Trends

The Evolution of Sex

The Evolution of Sociality

Coevolution

Human Evolution

Evolution and Medicine

Filters

With recapitulation, a somatic trait can appear in development or a reproductive trait in development.