Exam 6: Transmission Genetics and the Sources of Genetic Variation

The observation that hybrid offspring of "true-breeding" purple-flowered plants crossed with "true-breeding" white-flowered plants are purple in color can be explained by the

The law of independent assortment states which of the following?

If an RR flower is red, an Rr flower is pink, and an rr flower is white, what percentage of the offspring from a cross between an RR individual and an Rr individual will be red?

Why did the pre-Mendelian theory of blending inheritance pose a major challenge to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection?

What is epigenetic inheritance, and how do epigenetic changes play a role in organismal development?

Describe the manner in which DNA is packed into the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Include information about the structure of DNA within nuclei and how its structure affects gene expression.

With no mutation, an mRNA sequence reads "UCA," which codes for serine. A mutation arises that changes the sequence to "UCC," which codes for serine. This is an example of all of the following types of mutation EXCEPT

By what process does the cell construct proteins from mRNA sequences?

Based on the Punnett square shown here, assume the parental generation cross of Tt x tt is shown. If the heterozygous F₁ offspring cross (Tt x Tt), what are the predicted offspring genotype frequencies? What proportion of the offspring (F₂ generation) would you expect to be "short"?

All of the offspring from a cross between an RR plant and an rr plant (RR x rr) will be ________ for the "R" gene.

For the DNA sequence 5'-ACG TTA -3', what would be the complementary RNA sequence? (Remember that the DNA template and the mRNA strands are antiparallel.)

Why is RNA more likely than DNA to get damaged during chemical reactions?

A researcher follows the mutation rates in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans in five different tissue types across 300 generations. One would expect mutation rates across the different tissue types to be

DNA is tightly wound in a double helix for much of the time. Which of the following enzymes unwinds the double helix and begins transcription of RNA?

________ are regulatory elements that affect genes at nearby sites on the same chromosome.

In a(n) ________ mutation, part of a chromosome is transferred to a nonhomologous chromosome.

If two alleles generate a heterozygote phenotype that is intermediate between the homozygotes for each allele, the alleles are said to exhibit

Explain what is meant when the genetic code is described as "degenerate."

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

The double strands of DNA separate from each other at high temperatures. Why do G-C rich strands of DNA require a relatively higher temperature to separate?