Question 1

Which of the following processes that can create linkage disequilibrium is illustrated in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  drift 
B)  selection 
C)  mutation 
D)  migration 
A)  drift 
B)  selection 
C)  mutation 
D)  migration D

Question 2

When the alleles at two or more loci interact in nonadditive ways, we refer to this as

Accepted Answer

A)  pleiotropy. 
B)  epistasis. 
C)  physical linkage. 
D)  linkage equilibrium. 
A)  pleiotropy. 
B)  epistasis. 
C)  physical linkage. 
D)  linkage equilibrium. B

Question 3

The statistical association of alleles at different loci is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  linkage disequilibrium. 
B)  Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. 
C)  epistasis. 
D)  linkage equilibrium. 
A)  linkage disequilibrium. 
B)  Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. 
C)  epistasis. 
D)  linkage equilibrium. A

Question 4

The phenotypic variation created by random chance events during the process of an organism's development is called

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation. 
B)  drift. 
C)  acclimation. 
D)  developmental noise. 
A)  mutation. 
B)  drift. 
C)  acclimation. 
D)  developmental noise.

Question 5

When the alleles at all loci of interest occur independently, what will the value of linkage disequilibrium (D) be?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  0 
C)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F100.25 
D)  0.25 
A)  1 
B)  0 
C)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F100.25 
D)  0.25

Question 6

In quantitative genetic terms, a phenotypic value can be expressed as

Accepted Answer

A)  dominant or recessive. 
B)  epistasis and pleiotropy. 
C)  genotypic value and environmental deviation. 
D)  selection differential and selection response. 
A)  dominant or recessive. 
B)  epistasis and pleiotropy. 
C)  genotypic value and environmental deviation. 
D)  selection differential and selection response.

Question 7

In the figure depicting heritability of migratory timing in the blackcap warbler, what does the straight line indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  the broad-sense heritability 
B)  the narrow-sense heritability 
C)  the norm of reaction of nocturnal restlessness 
D)  the response to selection 
A)  the broad-sense heritability 
B)  the narrow-sense heritability 
C)  the norm of reaction of nocturnal restlessness 
D)  the response to selection

Question 8

Which of the following reflects the degree to which offspring resemble their parents in a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  narrow-sense heritability 
B)  broad-sense heritability 
C)  selection differential 
D)  dominance 
A)  narrow-sense heritability 
B)  broad-sense heritability 
C)  selection differential 
D)  dominance

Question 9

Consider two loci located close together on a single chromosome. These loci

Accepted Answer

A)  carry alleles that will never segregate together. 
B)  are physically linked. 
C)  are in linkage equilibrium. 
D)  are likely to be broken up during recombination. 
A)  carry alleles that will never segregate together. 
B)  are physically linked. 
C)  are in linkage equilibrium. 
D)  are likely to be broken up during recombination.

Question 10

A researcher tracks the escape behavior of a population of squirrels on campus across two generations. When she plots the escape behavior of the offspring generation against the parental behavior, she notes that the offspring's behavior exactly matches the parental behavior. Nonetheless, the narrow-sense heritability equals zero. How can the heritability equal zero in this example?

Accepted Answer

A)  The additive genetic variance equals one. 
B)  All the escape behavior alleles are fixed in the population. 
C)  Phenotypes vary widely between generations. 
D)  Escape behavior is controlled by a rare recessive allele. 
A)  The additive genetic variance equals one. 
B)  All the escape behavior alleles are fixed in the population. 
C)  Phenotypes vary widely between generations. 
D)  Escape behavior is controlled by a rare recessive allele.

Question 11

Which of the following is most likely to break up linkage disequilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  drift 
B)  selection 
C)  mutation 
D)  recombination 
A)  drift 
B)  selection 
C)  mutation 
D)  recombination

Question 12

Name three selective consequences of genetic linkage.

Accepted Answer

Genetic linkage refers to the phenomenon

Question 13

A haplotype is

Accepted Answer

A)  all of the alleles at a single locus. 
B)  a product of epistasis. 
C)  a set of alleles at different loci along a chromosome. 
D)  all of the alleles in a population. 
A)  all of the alleles at a single locus. 
B)  a product of epistasis. 
C)  a set of alleles at different loci along a chromosome. 
D)  all of the alleles in a population.

Question 14

Assuming the value of linkage disequilibrium (D) is positive, recombination will generate

Accepted Answer

A)  more repulsion pairs. 
B)  more coupling pairs. 
C)  no change, since recombination does not change expected haplotype frequencies. 
D)  an increase in the value of D. 
A)  more repulsion pairs. 
B)  more coupling pairs. 
C)  no change, since recombination does not change expected haplotype frequencies. 
D)  an increase in the value of D.

Question 15

What is the largest possible value that linkage disequilibrium can reach if all allele frequencies are 0.5?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.25 
B)  0.5 
C)  0.75 
D)  1 
A)  0.25 
B)  0.5 
C)  0.75 
D)  1

Question 16

If the value of linkage disequilibrium (D) is equal to F1F1F1S1F1F1F100.25, one can infer that the alleles are

Accepted Answer

A)  in repulsion. 
B)  in coupling. 
C)  not interacting. 
D)  interacting but only mildly with little effect on disequilibrium state. 
A)  in repulsion. 
B)  in coupling. 
C)  not interacting. 
D)  interacting but only mildly with little effect on disequilibrium state.

Question 17

Consider two loci (A, B), each with two alleles (A and a, B and b, respectively). The frequency (f) of A is known to be 0.30, the frequency (f) of b is known to be 0.25, and the coefficient of linkage disequilibrium (D) between loci A and B is known to be 0.15. What is the expected haplotype frequency of haB? Use the equation D F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 fafB F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 haB to solve. Show your work.

Accepted Answer

Equation: D F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 f_af_B F1F1F1S1

Question 18

In a population of dragonflies, wing structure is determined by two loci (A, B), each with two alleles (A and a, B and b). Abnormal wings are produced in aa individuals unless they possess at least one B allele. This is an example of what evolutionary phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  epistasis 
B)  linkage equilibrium 
C)  physical linkage 
D)  latent variation 
A)  epistasis 
B)  linkage equilibrium 
C)  physical linkage 
D)  latent variation

Question 19

What is narrow-sense heritability and why is it a useful metric?

Accepted Answer

To study the response of phenotype to na

Question 20

A species of lotus produces a nearly continuous spectrum of flower colors, ranging from white to deep red. The color of the flower is determined by 10 loci, each with two codominant alleles. What concept does this example illustrate?

Accepted Answer

This is an example of polygeni

Which of the following processes that can create linkage disequilibrium is illustrated in the figure?

When the alleles at two or more loci interact in nonadditive ways, we refer to this as

The statistical association of alleles at different loci is referred to as

The phenotypic variation created by random chance events during the process of an organism's development is called

When the alleles at all loci of interest occur independently, what will the value of linkage disequilibrium (D) be?

In quantitative genetic terms, a phenotypic value can be expressed as

In the figure depicting heritability of migratory timing in the blackcap warbler, what does the straight line indicate?

Which of the following reflects the degree to which offspring resemble their parents in a population?

Consider two loci located close together on a single chromosome. These loci

Which of the following is most likely to break up linkage disequilibrium?

Name three selective consequences of genetic linkage.

A haplotype is

Assuming the value of linkage disequilibrium (D) is positive, recombination will generate

What is the largest possible value that linkage disequilibrium can reach if all allele frequencies are 0.5?

If the value of linkage disequilibrium (D) is equal to 0.25, one can infer that the alleles are

In a population of dragonflies, wing structure is determined by two loci (A, B), each with two alleles (A and a, B and b). Abnormal wings are produced in aa individuals unless they possess at least one B allele. This is an example of what evolutionary phenomenon?

What is narrow-sense heritability and why is it a useful metric?

A species of lotus produces a nearly continuous spectrum of flower colors, ranging from white to deep red. The color of the flower is determined by 10 loci, each with two codominant alleles. What concept does this example illustrate?

An Overview of Evolutionary Biology

Early Evolutionary Ideas and Darwin S Insight

Natural Selection

Phylogeny and Evolutionary History

Inferring Phylogeny

Transmission Genetics and the Sources of Genetic Variation

The Genetics of Populations

Evolution in Finite Populations

Genome Evolution

The Origin and Evolution of Early Life

Major Transitions

Evolution and Development

Species and Speciation

Extinction and Evolutionary Trends

The Evolution of Sex

The Evolution of Sociality

Coevolution

Human Evolution

Evolution and Medicine

Filters

Exam 9: Evolution at Multiple Loci

Which of the following processes that can create linkage disequilibrium is illustrated in the figure?

When the alleles at two or more loci interact in nonadditive ways, we refer to this as

The statistical association of alleles at different loci is referred to as

The phenotypic variation created by random chance events during the process of an organism's development is called

When the alleles at all loci of interest occur independently, what will the value of linkage disequilibrium (D) be?

In quantitative genetic terms, a phenotypic value can be expressed as

In the figure depicting heritability of migratory timing in the blackcap warbler, what does the straight line indicate?

Which of the following reflects the degree to which offspring resemble their parents in a population?

Consider two loci located close together on a single chromosome. These loci

Which of the following is most likely to break up linkage disequilibrium?

Name three selective consequences of genetic linkage.

A haplotype is

Assuming the value of linkage disequilibrium (D) is positive, recombination will generate

What is the largest possible value that linkage disequilibrium can reach if all allele frequencies are 0.5?

If the value of linkage disequilibrium (D) is equal to 0.25, one can infer that the alleles are

In a population of dragonflies, wing structure is determined by two loci (A, B), each with two alleles (A and a, B and b). Abnormal wings are produced in aa individuals unless they possess at least one B allele. This is an example of what evolutionary phenomenon?

What is narrow-sense heritability and why is it a useful metric?

A species of lotus produces a nearly continuous spectrum of flower colors, ranging from white to deep red. The color of the flower is determined by 10 loci, each with two codominant alleles. What concept does this example illustrate?

An Overview of Evolutionary Biology

Early Evolutionary Ideas and Darwin S Insight

Natural Selection

Phylogeny and Evolutionary History

Inferring Phylogeny

Transmission Genetics and the Sources of Genetic Variation

The Genetics of Populations

Evolution in Finite Populations

Genome Evolution

The Origin and Evolution of Early Life

Major Transitions

Evolution and Development

Species and Speciation

Extinction and Evolutionary Trends

The Evolution of Sex

The Evolution of Sociality

Coevolution

Human Evolution

Evolution and Medicine

Filters