Question 1

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or setback illustrates the stable quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A) "It's all my fault." 
B) "It's going to last forever." 
C) "The whole world is against me." 
D) "It's going to affect everything I do." 
A) "It's all my fault." 
B) "It's going to last forever." 
C) "The whole world is against me." 
D) "It's going to affect everything I do." B

Question 2

,which of the following does NOT belong in the vicious cycle of depression?

Accepted Answer

A) self-focus 
B) self-blame 
C) depressed mood 
D) defensive pessimism 
A) self-focus 
B) self-blame 
C) depressed mood 
D) defensive pessimism D

Question 3

According to the self-presentation theory,we will feel social anxiety when we are

Accepted Answer

A) motivated to impress others but doubt our ability to do so. 
B) motivated and able to impress others,but they ignore us. 
C) in any circumstance in which we can be observed. 
D) depressed. 
A) motivated to impress others but doubt our ability to do so. 
B) motivated and able to impress others,but they ignore us. 
C) in any circumstance in which we can be observed. 
D) depressed. A

Question 4

Which of the following theories most clearly predicts that we will feel anxious when we are motivated to impress others but doubt our ability to do so?

Accepted Answer

A) social learning theory 
B) self-presentation theory 
C) self-perception theory 
D) cognitive dissonance theory 
A) social learning theory 
B) self-presentation theory 
C) self-perception theory 
D) cognitive dissonance theory

Question 5

Explaining life events in terms of factors that are stable,global,and internal is a _______ explanatory style.

Accepted Answer

A) negative 
B) positive 
C) realistic 
D) repressive 
A) negative 
B) positive 
C) realistic 
D) repressive

Question 6

,near-epidemic levels of depression in America today,ironically,can be blamed in part on the promotion of attitudes that say,

Accepted Answer

A) "Everybody needs somebody sometime." 
B) "You can make it on your own." 
C) "You're nobody if nobody loves you." 
D) "Eat,drink,and be merry,for tomorrow we die." 
A) "Everybody needs somebody sometime." 
B) "You can make it on your own." 
C) "You're nobody if nobody loves you." 
D) "Eat,drink,and be merry,for tomorrow we die."

Question 7

Who is more likely to exhibit a negative explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A) a teenager 
B) a non-depressed person 
C) an elderly person 
D) a depressed person 
A) a teenager 
B) a non-depressed person 
C) an elderly person 
D) a depressed person

Question 8

According to the text,labeling oneself as shy,depressed,or under the influence of alcohol can serve a(n)_______ function.

Accepted Answer

A) anger-reducing 
B) self-handicapping 
C) concurrence-seeking 
D) group-identification 
A) anger-reducing 
B) self-handicapping 
C) concurrence-seeking 
D) group-identification

Question 9

supported the notion that social skills training can lead shy men to

Accepted Answer

A) become dependent on their therapist. 
B) reduce their social anxiety. 
C) concentrate on their social incompetence. 
D) become more shy 6 months after treatment. 
A) become dependent on their therapist. 
B) reduce their social anxiety. 
C) concentrate on their social incompetence. 
D) become more shy 6 months after treatment.

Question 10

Yvonne,a college senior,is mildly depressed.Asked to describe herself,she notes both her positive and negative qualities.She recalls both past successes and failures and takes personal responsibility for both.Yvonne clearly illustrates the _______ effect.

Accepted Answer

A) rose-colored-glasses 
B) sadder-but-wiser 
C) head-in-the-clouds 
D) feet-on-the-ground 
A) rose-colored-glasses 
B) sadder-but-wiser 
C) head-in-the-clouds 
D) feet-on-the-ground

Question 11

Compared to nondepressed people,depressed people are more likely to attribute their failures and setbacks to causes that are

Accepted Answer

A) unstable. 
B) specific. 
C) internal. 
D) situational. 
A) unstable. 
B) specific. 
C) internal. 
D) situational.

Question 12

Which of the following explains the relationship between depression and negative thinking?

Accepted Answer

A) depressed moods cause negative thinking 
B) negative thinking causes depressed moods 
C) depression and negative thinking are unrelated in laboratory experiments 
D) depressed moods can cause negative thinking and negative thinking can cause depressed moods 
A) depressed moods cause negative thinking 
B) negative thinking causes depressed moods 
C) depression and negative thinking are unrelated in laboratory experiments 
D) depressed moods can cause negative thinking and negative thinking can cause depressed moods

Question 13

had depressed and nondepressed students observe whether pressing a button was linked with a light blinking and found that depressed students

Accepted Answer

A) were too self-focused to complete the task. 
B) were quite accurate at assessing their control. 
C) exaggerated the extent of their control of the light. 
D) underestimated the extent of their control of the light. 
A) were too self-focused to complete the task. 
B) were quite accurate at assessing their control. 
C) exaggerated the extent of their control of the light. 
D) underestimated the extent of their control of the light.

Question 14

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or a setback illustrates the global quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A) "It's my fault." 
B) "It's going to last forever." 
C) "It's going to affect everything I do." 
D) "It's the same with everybody." 
A) "It's my fault." 
B) "It's going to last forever." 
C) "It's going to affect everything I do." 
D) "It's the same with everybody."

Question 15

Having shy or anxious people observe,then rehearse,then try out more assertive behaviors in real situations is called

Accepted Answer

A) foot-in-the-door training. 
B) rational-emotive therapy. 
C) social skills training. 
D) explanatory style therapy. 
A) foot-in-the-door training. 
B) rational-emotive therapy. 
C) social skills training. 
D) explanatory style therapy.

Question 16

Loneliness is best described as a state created by the awareness that you

Accepted Answer

A) are alone most of the time. 
B) have lost a significant relationship. 
C) have less numerous or meaningful social relationships than you desire. 
D) are not really respected even though you have many acquaintances. 
A) are alone most of the time. 
B) have lost a significant relationship. 
C) have less numerous or meaningful social relationships than you desire. 
D) are not really respected even though you have many acquaintances.

Question 17

examined how depressed individuals view the extent of their personal control over events.Their results provided evidence of the phenomenon known as

Accepted Answer

A) optimistic well-being. 
B) pessimistic exaggeration. 
C) depressive realism. 
D) learned helplessness. 
A) optimistic well-being. 
B) pessimistic exaggeration. 
C) depressive realism. 
D) learned helplessness.

Question 18

Maxwell,a college junior,suffers from chronic depression.After learning that he has performed poorly on his chemistry test,he is most likely to say,

Accepted Answer

A) "The test was not a fair assessment of what I actually know." 
B) "My chemistry professor does not grade his tests fairly." 
C) "I'm incompetent and probably always will be." 
D) "I am sure most people did poorly on the test." 
A) "The test was not a fair assessment of what I actually know." 
B) "My chemistry professor does not grade his tests fairly." 
C) "I'm incompetent and probably always will be." 
D) "I am sure most people did poorly on the test."

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT an example of one of the components of a pessimistic explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A) "This is all my fault." 
B) "I've learned my lesson." 
C) "This is going to ruin everything." 
D) "Things are going to be terrible from now on." 
A) "This is all my fault." 
B) "I've learned my lesson." 
C) "This is going to ruin everything." 
D) "Things are going to be terrible from now on."

Question 20

Shy people tend to

Accepted Answer

A) make a good first impression. 
B) depersonalize social situations. 
C) become less well-liked over time. 
D) be self-conscious. 
A) make a good first impression. 
B) depersonalize social situations. 
C) become less well-liked over time. 
D) be self-conscious.

Exam 11: Clinical Therapy: the Powers of Social Cognition

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or setback illustrates the stable quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

,which of the following does NOT belong in the vicious cycle of depression?

According to the self-presentation theory,we will feel social anxiety when we are

Which of the following theories most clearly predicts that we will feel anxious when we are motivated to impress others but doubt our ability to do so?

Explaining life events in terms of factors that are stable,global,and internal is a _______ explanatory style.

,near-epidemic levels of depression in America today,ironically,can be blamed in part on the promotion of attitudes that say,

Who is more likely to exhibit a negative explanatory style?

According to the text,labeling oneself as shy,depressed,or under the influence of alcohol can serve a(n)_______ function.

supported the notion that social skills training can lead shy men to

Yvonne,a college senior,is mildly depressed.Asked to describe herself,she notes both her positive and negative qualities.She recalls both past successes and failures and takes personal responsibility for both.Yvonne clearly illustrates the _______ effect.

Compared to nondepressed people,depressed people are more likely to attribute their failures and setbacks to causes that are

Which of the following explains the relationship between depression and negative thinking?

had depressed and nondepressed students observe whether pressing a button was linked with a light blinking and found that depressed students

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or a setback illustrates the global quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Having shy or anxious people observe,then rehearse,then try out more assertive behaviors in real situations is called

Loneliness is best described as a state created by the awareness that you

examined how depressed individuals view the extent of their personal control over events.Their results provided evidence of the phenomenon known as

Maxwell,a college junior,suffers from chronic depression.After learning that he has performed poorly on his chemistry test,he is most likely to say,

Which of the following is NOT an example of one of the components of a pessimistic explanatory style?

Shy people tend to

Doing Social Psychology

Did You Know It All Along

Self-Concept: Who Am I

Self-Serving Bias

The Power of Positive Thinking

The Fundamental Attribution Error

The Powers and Perils of Intuition

Reasons for Unreason

Behavior and Belief

Clinical Intuition

Human Nature and Cultural Diversity

Gender, Genes, and Culture

How Nice People Get Corrupted

Two Routes to Persuasion

Indoctrination and Inoculation

The Mere Presence of Others

Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone

How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

Power to the Person

The Reach of Prejudice

The Roots of Prejudice

The Nature and Nurture of Aggression

Does the Media Influence Social Behavior

Who Likes Whom

The Ups and Downs of Love

Causes of Conflict

Blessed Are the Peacemakers

When Do People Help

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

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