Question 1

The state of a "dual attitude system" exists when we have differing _______ and _______ attitudes.

Accepted Answer

A) conscious;unconscious 
B) internal;external 
C) explicit;implicit 
D) positive;negative 
A) conscious;unconscious 
B) internal;external 
C) explicit;implicit 
D) positive;negative C

Question 2

According to Myers,professions of love during lust are often

Accepted Answer

A) anticipated even when one is not sexually aroused. 
B) anticipated even when one is sexually aroused. 
C) unanticipated when one is not sexually aroused. 
D) unanticipated when one is sexually aroused. 
A) anticipated even when one is not sexually aroused. 
B) anticipated even when one is sexually aroused. 
C) unanticipated when one is not sexually aroused. 
D) unanticipated when one is sexually aroused. C

Question 3

How is the spotlight effect related to the illusion of transparency?

Accepted Answer

The spotlight effect and the illusion of transparency are two cognitive biases that describe how we overestimate the extent to which our actions and emotions are noticed and understood by others.

The spotlight effect is the phenomenon where people tend to believe they are being noticed more than they actually are. It's as if a spotlight is shining on them, making their every move more visible to the audience. This can lead to heightened self-consciousness and anxiety, as individuals might overestimate the extent to which their appearance, behaviors, or mistakes are apparent to others.

The illusion of transparency, on the other hand, is the tendency for people to overestimate how well their personal mental states are perceived by others. This means that individuals believe their feelings, thoughts, and emotions are more obvious to others than they actually are. For example, if someone is trying to hide their nervousness during a presentation, they might assume that everyone in the room can tell how anxious they are, even if that's not the case.

Both of these biases are related in that they involve a misjudgment of how much our internal states or actions are exposed to others. They both stem from a common egocentric bias, which is the tendency to anchor too heavily on one's own perspective and experiences when evaluating the thoughts and feelings of others. Because we are so aware of our own feelings and actions, we find it difficult to accurately gauge the extent to which others are paying attention or can understand what's going on inside our heads.

In essence, the spotlight effect and the illusion of transparency are two sides of the same coin. The spotlight effect is about the visibility of our external behavior, while the illusion of transparency is about the visibility of our internal state. Both biases can lead to a heightened sense of vulnerability and a misbelief that our private experiences are an open book to those around us. Understanding these biases can help individuals to feel less self-conscious and more accurately assess how they are perceived by others.

Question 4

Your self-esteem would correlate closely with what others think of you and your group if you were in a(n)______ culture.

Accepted Answer

A) individualistic 
B) collectivistic 
C) self-centered 
D) other-centered 
A) individualistic 
B) collectivistic 
C) self-centered 
D) other-centered

Question 5

After learning about another culture or religion,we begin to realize how prejudiced we have been toward this group and realize that we should change our attitude to a more positive one.This is an _______ attitude.

Accepted Answer

A) internal 
B) external 
C) implicit 
D) explicit 
A) internal 
B) external 
C) implicit 
D) explicit

Question 6

In the U.S. ,those living in Hawaii and the deep south exhibit more _______ than those living in the western mountain states.

Accepted Answer

A) individualism 
B) collectivism 
C) self-esteem 
D) self awareness 
A) individualism 
B) collectivism 
C) self-esteem 
D) self awareness

Question 7

When it comes to predicting the intensity and duration of our future emotions,research indicates that most people

Accepted Answer

A) excel. 
B) experience great difficulty. 
C) perform moderately well. 
D) either excel or fail,depending on the situation. 
A) excel. 
B) experience great difficulty. 
C) perform moderately well. 
D) either excel or fail,depending on the situation.

Question 8

A person's completion of the phrase "I am _____" comprises his or her.

Accepted Answer

A) personality 
B) self-schema 
C) self-esteem 
D) self-concept 
A) personality 
B) self-schema 
C) self-esteem 
D) self-concept

Question 9

What is the spotlight effect? Provide an example.

Accepted Answer

The spotlight effect is a psychological

Question 10

Which statement about predicting your own behaviors or relationships is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) You are the best predictor of your own behaviors. 
B) You can predict the fate of your relationships but not your behaviors. 
C) The people who know you can probably predict your behaviors better than you. 
D) Neither you nor the people who know you can predict your behaviors or the fates of your relationships. 
A) You are the best predictor of your own behaviors. 
B) You can predict the fate of your relationships but not your behaviors. 
C) The people who know you can probably predict your behaviors better than you. 
D) Neither you nor the people who know you can predict your behaviors or the fates of your relationships.

Question 11

In what type of culture would a threat to our personal identity (such as having someone tell us we are dumb or weird)cause us to be more upset than a threat to our collective identity (such as having someone ridicule students)?

Accepted Answer

A) individualistic 
B) collectivistic 
C) self-centered 
D) other-centered 
A) individualistic 
B) collectivistic 
C) self-centered 
D) other-centered

Question 12

Differentiate implicit and explicit attitudes.

Accepted Answer

Implicit attitudes are unconscious belie

Question 13

Giving priority to the goals of one's group,such as one's family or workplace,and defining one's identity accordingly is called

Accepted Answer

A) cooperation. 
B) communality. 
C) collectivism. 
D) groupthink. 
A) cooperation. 
B) communality. 
C) collectivism. 
D) groupthink.

Question 14

Compare and contrast individualistic and collectivist cultures.

Accepted Answer

Individualistic and collectivist culture

Question 15

had college students wear an "American Eagle" sweatshirt to a meeting with a group of peers.While ___ of these students were sure people would notice and remember the shirt,_____ did.

Accepted Answer

A) 10%;40% 
B) 20%;60% 
C) 40%;10% 
D) 60%;20% 
A) 10%;40% 
B) 20%;60% 
C) 40%;10% 
D) 60%;20%

Question 16

Which of the following maxims best represents the concept of individualism?

Accepted Answer

A) Two heads are better than one. 
B) To thine own self be true. 
C) Father knows best. 
D) It takes a village to raise a child. 
A) Two heads are better than one. 
B) To thine own self be true. 
C) Father knows best. 
D) It takes a village to raise a child.

Question 17

had undergraduate students enter a room wearing Barry Manilow t-shirts.This study explored which concept mentioned in the text?

Accepted Answer

A) transparency effect 
B) audience effect 
C) spotlight effect 
D) headlight effect 
A) transparency effect 
B) audience effect 
C) spotlight effect 
D) headlight effect

Question 18

,women reported that they would feel angry if asked sexually harassing questions during a job interview.When actually asked such questions,women more often experienced

Accepted Answer

A) anger. 
B) rage. 
C) fear. 
D) submission. 
A) anger. 
B) rage. 
C) fear. 
D) submission.

Question 19

found that,for American students,happiness comes from feeling

Accepted Answer

A) close,friendly and respectful. 
B) effective,superior and proud. 
C) like part of a successful group. 
D) included and wanted. 
A) close,friendly and respectful. 
B) effective,superior and proud. 
C) like part of a successful group. 
D) included and wanted.

Question 20

Education and persuasion tend to change what type of attitudes?

Accepted Answer

A) internal 
B) external 
C) implicit 
D) explicit 
A) internal 
B) external 
C) implicit 
D) explicit

Exam 3: Self-Concept: Who Am I

The state of a "dual attitude system" exists when we have differing _______ and _______ attitudes.

According to Myers,professions of love during lust are often

How is the spotlight effect related to the illusion of transparency?

Your self-esteem would correlate closely with what others think of you and your group if you were in a(n)______ culture.

After learning about another culture or religion,we begin to realize how prejudiced we have been toward this group and realize that we should change our attitude to a more positive one.This is an _______ attitude.

In the U.S. ,those living in Hawaii and the deep south exhibit more _______ than those living in the western mountain states.

When it comes to predicting the intensity and duration of our future emotions,research indicates that most people

A person's completion of the phrase "I am _____" comprises his or her.

What is the spotlight effect? Provide an example.

Which statement about predicting your own behaviors or relationships is TRUE?

In what type of culture would a threat to our personal identity (such as having someone tell us we are dumb or weird)cause us to be more upset than a threat to our collective identity (such as having someone ridicule students)?

Differentiate implicit and explicit attitudes.

Giving priority to the goals of one's group,such as one's family or workplace,and defining one's identity accordingly is called

Compare and contrast individualistic and collectivist cultures.

had college students wear an "American Eagle" sweatshirt to a meeting with a group of peers.While ___ of these students were sure people would notice and remember the shirt,_____ did.

Which of the following maxims best represents the concept of individualism?

had undergraduate students enter a room wearing Barry Manilow t-shirts.This study explored which concept mentioned in the text?

,women reported that they would feel angry if asked sexually harassing questions during a job interview.When actually asked such questions,women more often experienced

found that,for American students,happiness comes from feeling

Education and persuasion tend to change what type of attitudes?

Doing Social Psychology

Did You Know It All Along

Self-Serving Bias

The Power of Positive Thinking

The Fundamental Attribution Error

The Powers and Perils of Intuition

Reasons for Unreason

Behavior and Belief

Clinical Intuition

Clinical Therapy: the Powers of Social Cognition

Human Nature and Cultural Diversity

Gender, Genes, and Culture

How Nice People Get Corrupted

Two Routes to Persuasion

Indoctrination and Inoculation

The Mere Presence of Others

Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone

How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

Power to the Person

The Reach of Prejudice

The Roots of Prejudice

The Nature and Nurture of Aggression

Does the Media Influence Social Behavior

Who Likes Whom

The Ups and Downs of Love

Causes of Conflict

Blessed Are the Peacemakers

When Do People Help

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

Filters

The state of a "dual attitude system" exists when we have differing _ and _ attitudes.

had college students wear an "American Eagle" sweatshirt to a meeting with a group of peers.While _ of these students were sure people would notice and remember the shirt,___ did.