Question 1

Autobiographical memory can best be described as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a narrative of one's life 
B)  a collection of individual life events 
C)  a type of episodic memory 
D)  flashbulb memory 
A)  a narrative of one's life 
B)  a collection of individual life events 
C)  a type of episodic memory 
D)  flashbulb memory

Question 2

Autobiographical memory relates to episodic memory in that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  autobiographical memories develop earlier in life than episodic memories 
B)  episodic memories are better preserved in amnesia 
C)  these terms refer to the same thing 
D)  autobiographical memories are formed from several episodic memories 
A)  autobiographical memories develop earlier in life than episodic memories 
B)  episodic memories are better preserved in amnesia 
C)  these terms refer to the same thing 
D)  autobiographical memories are formed from several episodic memories

Question 3

Autobiographical memory is improved when people recall life events in what type of order?

Accepted Answer

A)  backward 
B)  segmented or chunked 
C)  forward 
D)  least important to most important 
A)  backward 
B)  segmented or chunked 
C)  forward 
D)  least important to most important

Question 4

How is event information remembered according to the schema-copy-plus-tag model?

Accepted Answer

The schema-copy-plus-tag model suggests

Question 5

Which of the following is not needed for the formation of flashbulb memories?

Accepted Answer

A)  surprise in the event's occurrence 
B)  personal involvement in the event 
C)  interest in the topic of an event 
D)  rehearsal of the memory 
A)  surprise in the event's occurrence 
B)  personal involvement in the event 
C)  interest in the topic of an event 
D)  rehearsal of the memory

Question 6

What is the cognitive explanation for the existence of the reminiscence bump?

Accepted Answer

A)  Young adults are at their neurological peak. 
B)  The bump corresponds to identity formation. 
C)  During this time, many novel events occur. 
D)  The bump follows cultural schemas for life events. 
A)  Young adults are at their neurological peak. 
B)  The bump corresponds to identity formation. 
C)  During this time, many novel events occur. 
D)  The bump follows cultural schemas for life events.

Question 7

Which of the following is an account of infantile amnesia that does not involve a person acquiring information that can be used to structure long-term, autobiographical memories?

Accepted Answer

A)  biological 
B)  schema development 
C)  language development 
D)  development of the self 
A)  biological 
B)  schema development 
C)  language development 
D)  development of the self

Question 8

According to the cultural schemas explanation of the reminiscence bump, the bump occurs because __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  people remember more from certain periods of their life because they are culturally important 
B)  a person's culture modifies memory to make it work better at certain times 
C)  memories are distorted to conform with cultural expectations 
D)  this is a time when personal culture changes 
A)  people remember more from certain periods of their life because they are culturally important 
B)  a person's culture modifies memory to make it work better at certain times 
C)  memories are distorted to conform with cultural expectations 
D)  this is a time when personal culture changes

Question 9

The difference between autobiographical memory and episodic memory is that only the first refers to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  memories from specific events 
B)  long-term retention 
C)  information that can decay rapidly 
D)  interpreting and integrating knowledge from disparate events 
A)  memories from specific events 
B)  long-term retention 
C)  information that can decay rapidly 
D)  interpreting and integrating knowledge from disparate events

Question 10

According to the schema-copy-plus-tag model, idiosyncratic aspects of an event are __________. Au: Okay?

Accepted Answer

A)  directly associated with the script 
B)  represented by a tag in the memory trace 
C)  referred to by the pointer in the script 
D)  incorporated into a new memory trace that includes both all of the old information in the script that has been tagged as well as the new, novel information 
A)  directly associated with the script 
B)  represented by a tag in the memory trace 
C)  referred to by the pointer in the script 
D)  incorporated into a new memory trace that includes both all of the old information in the script that has been tagged as well as the new, novel information

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of autobiographical memories?

Accepted Answer

A)  episodic components 
B)  slow retrieval time 
C)  semantic components 
D)  relatively unorganized 
A)  episodic components 
B)  slow retrieval time 
C)  semantic components 
D)  relatively unorganized

Question 12

How are autobiographical memories like narratives or stories?

Accepted Answer

A)  They both have characters that play specific roles. 
B)  They both occur in locations. 
C)  They both have plots. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  They both have characters that play specific roles. 
B)  They both occur in locations. 
C)  They both have plots. 
D)  all of the above

Question 13

Some autobiographical memory information is easier to recall in a backwards order than a forward order.

Accepted Answer

A)  true 
B)  false 
C)  This is not known. 
D)  none of the above
Short Answers 
A)  true 
B)  false 
C)  This is not known. 
D)  none of the above
Short Answers

Question 14

According to an emergent-self account, infantile amnesia occurs because __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  of a desire to avoid threatening early memories 
B)  people are acquiring language at this time 
C)  autobiographical memory has not yet had its onset 
D)  a person is emerging from infancy 
A)  of a desire to avoid threatening early memories 
B)  people are acquiring language at this time 
C)  autobiographical memory has not yet had its onset 
D)  a person is emerging from infancy

Question 15

Using what you know about autobiographical memory as a life narrative, how could you help individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Help them begin to retrieve information in a backward order instead of a forward order. 
B)  Help them begin to retrieve information in a forward order instead of a backward order. 
C)  Help them convert observer memories into field memories. 
D)  Help them convert field memories into observer memories. 
A)  Help them begin to retrieve information in a backward order instead of a forward order. 
B)  Help them begin to retrieve information in a forward order instead of a backward order. 
C)  Help them convert observer memories into field memories. 
D)  Help them convert field memories into observer memories.

Question 16

What are the two perspectives a person can experience when remembering an autobiographical event?

Accepted Answer

When recalling an autobiographical event

Question 17

Autobiographical memories are more _________ than episodic memories.

Accepted Answer

A)  activated (they have greater strength) 
B)  integrated 
C)  individualized 
D)  easily retrieved 
A)  activated (they have greater strength) 
B)  integrated 
C)  individualized 
D)  easily retrieved

Question 18

The schema-copy-plus-tag model suggests that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  schema-consistent events are remembered best 
B)  schema-inconsistent information is given special treatment in the memory trace 
C)  the memory contains the schema-consistent information along with a pointer to old events 
D)  the memory contains a pointer which indicates the time direction in which the event unfolds 
A)  schema-consistent events are remembered best 
B)  schema-inconsistent information is given special treatment in the memory trace 
C)  the memory contains the schema-consistent information along with a pointer to old events 
D)  the memory contains a pointer which indicates the time direction in which the event unfolds

Question 19

The Pollyanna principle can be best described as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  life gets worse all the time 
B)  people tend to remember happier parts of their lives longer 
C)  young people are more positive while old people are more negative 
D)  the tendency to focus on central details 
A)  life gets worse all the time 
B)  people tend to remember happier parts of their lives longer 
C)  young people are more positive while old people are more negative 
D)  the tendency to focus on central details

Question 20

Events are remembered better when __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  they are consistent with a script and do not disrupt the expected flow of events 
B)  they violate a script and disrupt the expected flow of events 
C)  they violate a script and do not disrupt the expected flow of events 
D)  there is no script that would predict an expected flow of events 
A)  they are consistent with a script and do not disrupt the expected flow of events 
B)  they violate a script and disrupt the expected flow of events 
C)  they violate a script and do not disrupt the expected flow of events 
D)  there is no script that would predict an expected flow of events

Autobiographical memory can best be described as __________.

Autobiographical memory relates to episodic memory in that __________.

Autobiographical memory is improved when people recall life events in what type of order?

How is event information remembered according to the schema-copy-plus-tag model?

Which of the following is not needed for the formation of flashbulb memories?

What is the cognitive explanation for the existence of the reminiscence bump?

Which of the following is an account of infantile amnesia that does not involve a person acquiring information that can be used to structure long-term, autobiographical memories?

According to the cultural schemas explanation of the reminiscence bump, the bump occurs because __________.

The difference between autobiographical memory and episodic memory is that only the first refers to __________.

According to the schema-copy-plus-tag model, idiosyncratic aspects of an event are __________. Au: Okay?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of autobiographical memories?

How are autobiographical memories like narratives or stories?

Some autobiographical memory information is easier to recall in a backwards order than a forward order.

According to an emergent-self account, infantile amnesia occurs because __________.

Using what you know about autobiographical memory as a life narrative, how could you help individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder?

What are the two perspectives a person can experience when remembering an autobiographical event?

Autobiographical memories are more _________ than episodic memories.

The schema-copy-plus-tag model suggests that __________.

The Pollyanna principle can be best described as __________.

Events are remembered better when __________.

Overview and History

Neuropsychology of Memory

Methods and Principles

Sensory and Short-Term Memory

Working Memory

Nondeclarative Memory

Episodic Memory

Memory for Space and Time

Semantic Memory

Formal Models of Memory

Memory and Reality

Memory and the Law

Metamemory

Development

Amnesia

Other Conditions That Affect Memory

Filters

Exam 11: Autobiographical Memory

Autobiographical memory can best be described as __________.

Autobiographical memory relates to episodic memory in that __________.

Autobiographical memory is improved when people recall life events in what type of order?

How is event information remembered according to the schema-copy-plus-tag model?

Which of the following is not needed for the formation of flashbulb memories?

What is the cognitive explanation for the existence of the reminiscence bump?

Which of the following is an account of infantile amnesia that does not involve a person acquiring information that can be used to structure long-term, autobiographical memories?

According to the cultural schemas explanation of the reminiscence bump, the bump occurs because __________.

The difference between autobiographical memory and episodic memory is that only the first refers to __________.

According to the schema-copy-plus-tag model, idiosyncratic aspects of an event are __________. Au: Okay?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of autobiographical memories?

How are autobiographical memories like narratives or stories?

Some autobiographical memory information is easier to recall in a backwards order than a forward order.

According to an emergent-self account, infantile amnesia occurs because __________.

Using what you know about autobiographical memory as a life narrative, how could you help individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder?

What are the two perspectives a person can experience when remembering an autobiographical event?

Autobiographical memories are more _________ than episodic memories.

The schema-copy-plus-tag model suggests that __________.

The Pollyanna principle can be best described as __________.

Events are remembered better when __________.

Overview and History

Neuropsychology of Memory

Methods and Principles

Sensory and Short-Term Memory

Working Memory

Nondeclarative Memory

Episodic Memory

Memory for Space and Time

Semantic Memory

Formal Models of Memory

Memory and Reality

Memory and the Law

Metamemory

Development

Amnesia

Other Conditions That Affect Memory

Filters