Question 1

In classical conditioning, extinction occurs when __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the conditioned stimulus is presented for a while without the unconditioned stimulus 
B)  the unconditioned stimulus is presented for a while without the conditioned stimulus 
C)  the conditioned stimulus is presented for a while without the conditioned response 
D)  the unconditioned stimulus is presented for a while without the unconditioned response 
A)  the conditioned stimulus is presented for a while without the unconditioned stimulus 
B)  the unconditioned stimulus is presented for a while without the conditioned stimulus 
C)  the conditioned stimulus is presented for a while without the conditioned response 
D)  the unconditioned stimulus is presented for a while without the unconditioned response A

Question 2

Why do skilled experts sometimes choke on a well-learned procedural task?

Accepted Answer

A)  Automatic processes overwhelm more conscious ones. 
B)  There is a retrieval error. 
C)  Conscious, cognitive processes intrude on and disrupt more accurate automatic ones. 
D)  Anxiety increases the overall level of neural noise, reducing performance. 
A)  Automatic processes overwhelm more conscious ones. 
B)  There is a retrieval error. 
C)  Conscious, cognitive processes intrude on and disrupt more accurate automatic ones. 
D)  Anxiety increases the overall level of neural noise, reducing performance. C

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT 1 of the 3 stages of skill acquisition in memory research?

Accepted Answer

A)  associative stage 
B)  autonomous stage 
C)  cognitive stage 
D)  declarative stage 
A)  associative stage 
B)  autonomous stage 
C)  cognitive stage 
D)  declarative stage D

Question 4

What aspect of skill acquisition is the primary mechanism in making someone an expert?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased working memory capacity 
B)  reconditioning 
C)  amount of practice 
D)  long-term extinction 
A)  increased working memory capacity 
B)  reconditioning 
C)  amount of practice 
D)  long-term extinction

Question 5

In classical conditioning, savings refers to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  superior learning on a subsequent attempt after extinction has occurred 
B)  superior learning on a subsequent attempt after blocking has occurred 
C)  superior learning on an initial attempt after extinction has occurred 
D)  superior learning on an initial attempt after blocking has occurred 
A)  superior learning on a subsequent attempt after extinction has occurred 
B)  superior learning on a subsequent attempt after blocking has occurred 
C)  superior learning on an initial attempt after extinction has occurred 
D)  superior learning on an initial attempt after blocking has occurred

Question 6

Mark is participating in an experiment on pain. His hand is placed in an apparatus that delivers a mild shock on each trial. The shock is preceded by a flashing light. After several trials, Mark pulls his hand away when the light appears. The light is a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned response 
B)  conditioned response 
C)  unconditioned stimulus 
D)  conditioned stimulus 
A)  unconditioned response 
B)  conditioned response 
C)  unconditioned stimulus 
D)  conditioned stimulus

Question 7

Which of the following is a phenomenon of classical conditioning that illustrates the unconscious storage of memories about the learned association that can manifest after a period of time after forgetting (or extinction) has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  generalization 
B)  discrimination 
C)  spontaneous recovery 
D)  blocking 
A)  generalization 
B)  discrimination 
C)  spontaneous recovery 
D)  blocking

Question 8

According to the mere exposure effect, __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  people prefer familiar items, even if they do not remember being exposed to them 
B)  people prefer complex items that are more difficult to understand, like exposure to abstract art 
C)  people prefer items they have been exposed to in the same context more than 200 times 
D)  people prefer novelty items, with their first exposure eliciting the strongest response 
A)  people prefer familiar items, even if they do not remember being exposed to them 
B)  people prefer complex items that are more difficult to understand, like exposure to abstract art 
C)  people prefer items they have been exposed to in the same context more than 200 times 
D)  people prefer novelty items, with their first exposure eliciting the strongest response

Question 9

Nondeclarative memory includes all of the following EXCEPT __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  procedural memory 
B)  classical conditioning 
C)  semantic memory 
D)  priming 
A)  procedural memory 
B)  classical conditioning 
C)  semantic memory 
D)  priming

Question 10

Which of the following is the stage of skill acquisition where a person directly retrieves information about how to perform the actions of the task but still requires a moderate degree of conscious involvement?

Accepted Answer

A)  associative stage 
B)  cognitive stage 
C)  autonomous stage 
D)  control stage 
A)  associative stage 
B)  cognitive stage 
C)  autonomous stage 
D)  control stage

Question 11

An example of a task that would rely on procedural memory would be __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  learning the rules of hockey 
B)  knowing how to walk 
C)  learning the parts of a bicycle 
D)  remembering how your first date went 
A)  learning the rules of hockey 
B)  knowing how to walk 
C)  learning the parts of a bicycle 
D)  remembering how your first date went

Question 12

More recently, classical conditioning studies in humans have shifted to becomes studies of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  instrumental conditioning 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  causal learning 
D)  baysian learning 
A)  instrumental conditioning 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  causal learning 
D)  baysian learning

Question 13

What is the name of the classical conditioning phenomenon in which relearning is better after extinction has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous recovery 
B)  savings 
C)  blocking 
D)  higher-order conditioning 
A)  spontaneous recovery 
B)  savings 
C)  blocking 
D)  higher-order conditioning

Question 14

What sort of relationship must be in place in order for conditioning to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  contiguity 
B)  contemporarily 
C)  contingency 
D)  congruency 
A)  contiguity 
B)  contemporarily 
C)  contingency 
D)  congruency

Question 15

Which of the following is the stage of skill acquisition where a person goes about deliberately and consciously performing the actions of the task?

Accepted Answer

A)  associative stage 
B)  cognitive stage 
C)  autonomous stage 
D)  control stage 
A)  associative stage 
B)  cognitive stage 
C)  autonomous stage 
D)  control stage

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an implicit memory task?

Accepted Answer

A)  perceptual identification 
B)  naming 
C)  word fragment completion 
D)  cued recall 
A)  perceptual identification 
B)  naming 
C)  word fragment completion 
D)  cued recall

Question 17

What makes a memory a nondeclarative memory?

Accepted Answer

Nondeclarative memory, also known as imp

Question 18

Which of the following is the stage of skill acquisition where a person goes about automatically and unconsciously performing the actions of the task?

Accepted Answer

A)  associative stage 
B)  cognitive stage 
C)  autonomous stage 
D)  control stage 
A)  associative stage 
B)  cognitive stage 
C)  autonomous stage 
D)  control stage

Question 19

In classical conditioning, the thing that an organism does prior to learning is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the conditioned response 
B)  dissociation 
C)  the unconditioned response 
D)  the absence of environmental contingency 
A)  the conditioned response 
B)  dissociation 
C)  the unconditioned response 
D)  the absence of environmental contingency

Question 20

What is the basic paradigm for classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  
  
B)  
  
C)

D)  
  
A)  
  
B)  
  
C)

D)

In classical conditioning, extinction occurs when __________.

Why do skilled experts sometimes choke on a well-learned procedural task?

Which of the following is NOT 1 of the 3 stages of skill acquisition in memory research?

What aspect of skill acquisition is the primary mechanism in making someone an expert?

In classical conditioning, savings refers to __________.

Mark is participating in an experiment on pain. His hand is placed in an apparatus that delivers a mild shock on each trial. The shock is preceded by a flashing light. After several trials, Mark pulls his hand away when the light appears. The light is a(n) __________.

Which of the following is a phenomenon of classical conditioning that illustrates the unconscious storage of memories about the learned association that can manifest after a period of time after forgetting (or extinction) has occurred?

According to the mere exposure effect, __________.

Nondeclarative memory includes all of the following EXCEPT __________.

Which of the following is the stage of skill acquisition where a person directly retrieves information about how to perform the actions of the task but still requires a moderate degree of conscious involvement?

An example of a task that would rely on procedural memory would be __________.

More recently, classical conditioning studies in humans have shifted to becomes studies of __________.

What is the name of the classical conditioning phenomenon in which relearning is better after extinction has occurred?

What sort of relationship must be in place in order for conditioning to occur?

Which of the following is the stage of skill acquisition where a person goes about deliberately and consciously performing the actions of the task?

Which of the following is NOT an implicit memory task?

What makes a memory a nondeclarative memory?

Which of the following is the stage of skill acquisition where a person goes about automatically and unconsciously performing the actions of the task?

In classical conditioning, the thing that an organism does prior to learning is __________.

What is the basic paradigm for classical conditioning?

Overview and History

Neuropsychology of Memory

Methods and Principles

Sensory and Short-Term Memory

Working Memory

Episodic Memory

Memory for Space and Time

Semantic Memory

Formal Models of Memory

Autobiographical Memory

Memory and Reality

Memory and the Law

Metamemory

Development

Amnesia

Other Conditions That Affect Memory

Filters

Exam 6: Nondeclarative Memory

In classical conditioning, extinction occurs when __________.

Why do skilled experts sometimes choke on a well-learned procedural task?

Which of the following is NOT 1 of the 3 stages of skill acquisition in memory research?

What aspect of skill acquisition is the primary mechanism in making someone an expert?

In classical conditioning, savings refers to __________.

Mark is participating in an experiment on pain. His hand is placed in an apparatus that delivers a mild shock on each trial. The shock is preceded by a flashing light. After several trials, Mark pulls his hand away when the light appears. The light is a(n) __________.

Which of the following is a phenomenon of classical conditioning that illustrates the unconscious storage of memories about the learned association that can manifest after a period of time after forgetting (or extinction) has occurred?

According to the mere exposure effect, __________.

Nondeclarative memory includes all of the following EXCEPT __________.

Which of the following is the stage of skill acquisition where a person directly retrieves information about how to perform the actions of the task but still requires a moderate degree of conscious involvement?

An example of a task that would rely on procedural memory would be __________.

More recently, classical conditioning studies in humans have shifted to becomes studies of __________.

What is the name of the classical conditioning phenomenon in which relearning is better after extinction has occurred?

What sort of relationship must be in place in order for conditioning to occur?

Which of the following is the stage of skill acquisition where a person goes about deliberately and consciously performing the actions of the task?

Which of the following is NOT an implicit memory task?

What makes a memory a nondeclarative memory?

Which of the following is the stage of skill acquisition where a person goes about automatically and unconsciously performing the actions of the task?

In classical conditioning, the thing that an organism does prior to learning is __________.

What is the basic paradigm for classical conditioning?

Overview and History

Neuropsychology of Memory

Methods and Principles

Sensory and Short-Term Memory

Working Memory

Episodic Memory

Memory for Space and Time

Semantic Memory

Formal Models of Memory

Autobiographical Memory

Memory and Reality

Memory and the Law

Metamemory

Development

Amnesia

Other Conditions That Affect Memory

Filters