Question 1

According to the accessibility hypothesis, how does someone make a metamemory judgment?

Accepted Answer

A)  by determining whether the information contained in a memory cue is familiar 
B)  by making inferences based on the amount of information activated in memory 
C)  by determining the number of competing traces that are involved 
D)  by reconstructing the events in the recent past 
A)  by determining whether the information contained in a memory cue is familiar 
B)  by making inferences based on the amount of information activated in memory 
C)  by determining the number of competing traces that are involved 
D)  by reconstructing the events in the recent past B

Question 2

People are biased to misremember things as being __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  from another person 
B)  overly inflated in familiarity 
C)  consistent with their beliefs 
D)  none of the above 
A)  from another person 
B)  overly inflated in familiarity 
C)  consistent with their beliefs 
D)  none of the above C

Question 3

What is one way that prospective memory is different from retrospective memory?

Accepted Answer

One way that prospective memory is different from retrospective memory lies in the nature of the tasks and the timing of recall. Prospective memory involves remembering to perform a planned action or recall a planned intention at some point in the future. It is future-oriented and requires one to remember to do something at a specific time or when a certain event occurs, such as taking medication at lunchtime or calling a friend when you get home.

On the other hand, retrospective memory refers to the ability to remember information from the past. It involves recalling events, experiences, and information that have already occurred or been learned, such as remembering the details of a conversation you had last week or the facts you studied for a history test.

In summary, the key difference is that prospective memory is about remembering to carry out intentions in the future, while retrospective memory is about recalling information from the past.

Question 4

People are more likely to fall prey to the knew-it-all-along effect if __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the current knowledge state is discredited 
B)  people are asked to retrieve only new things 
C)  they are distracted when making their judgments 
D)  they can accurately remember their original knowledge state 
A)  the current knowledge state is discredited 
B)  people are asked to retrieve only new things 
C)  they are distracted when making their judgments 
D)  they can accurately remember their original knowledge state

Question 5

What is an example of a mnemonic that can be used to help memory?

Accepted Answer

A mnemonic is a tool that helps people r

Question 6

What is the relationship between prospective and retrospective memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prospective memory requires retrospective memory. 
B)  Retrospective memory requires prospective memory. 
C)  They are mutually interdependent. 
D)  They are completely independent. 
A)  Prospective memory requires retrospective memory. 
B)  Retrospective memory requires prospective memory. 
C)  They are mutually interdependent. 
D)  They are completely independent.

Question 7

Research involving those with exceptional memories has found that the primary basis of most of their abilities is superior ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  intelligence 
B)  working memory 
C)  neurological structure 
D)  organization of information 
A)  intelligence 
B)  working memory 
C)  neurological structure 
D)  organization of information

Question 8

Prospective memory differs from retrospective memory in that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  aging does not impact prospective memory but does affect retrospective memory 
B)  brain damage leading to retrospective memory deficits rarely affects prospective memory 
C)  prospective memory involves a subset of skills used in retrospective memory 
D)  prospective memory involves monitoring the environment for a specific cue 
A)  aging does not impact prospective memory but does affect retrospective memory 
B)  brain damage leading to retrospective memory deficits rarely affects prospective memory 
C)  prospective memory involves a subset of skills used in retrospective memory 
D)  prospective memory involves monitoring the environment for a specific cue

Question 9

What is metamemory?

Accepted Answer

A)  memory for major events 
B)  awareness of one's own memory 
C)  the active coordination of memories 
D)  awareness of others' memories 
A)  memory for major events 
B)  awareness of one's own memory 
C)  the active coordination of memories 
D)  awareness of others' memories

Question 10

In directed forgetting studies, information that is designated as to-be-forgotten __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is stored in a separate part of long-term memory 
B)  becomes even more interfering 
C)  is actively inhibited 
D)  remains at a high state of availability 
A)  is stored in a separate part of long-term memory 
B)  becomes even more interfering 
C)  is actively inhibited 
D)  remains at a high state of availability

Question 11

Using the phrase, "Every Good Boy Does Fine" to remember the notes on a musical scale is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  prospective memory 
B)  mnemonics 
C)  synopsis memory 
D)  an FOK task 
A)  prospective memory 
B)  mnemonics 
C)  synopsis memory 
D)  an FOK task

Question 12

FOKs appear to be based on __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  metamemory neurons 
B)  current recognition test performance 
C)  partial knowledge retrieval 
D)  previous memory performance 
A)  metamemory neurons 
B)  current recognition test performance 
C)  partial knowledge retrieval 
D)  previous memory performance

Question 13

Remembering to call your mother on her birthday is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  metamemory 
B)  event-based prospective memory 
C)  retrospective memory 
D)  time-based prospective memory 
A)  metamemory 
B)  event-based prospective memory 
C)  retrospective memory 
D)  time-based prospective memory

Question 14

When people do not have a conscious recollection of the circumstances under which information was learned, they have a(n) _________ experience.

Accepted Answer

A)  anoetic 
B)  remember 
C)  know 
D)  cue-link 
A)  anoetic 
B)  remember 
C)  know 
D)  cue-link

Question 15

How accurate are judgments of learning (JOLs)?

Accepted Answer

A)  very 
B)  never at all accurate 
C)  somewhat 
D)  It depends on the person. 
A)  very 
B)  never at all accurate 
C)  somewhat 
D)  It depends on the person.

Question 16

Feeling of knowing (FOK) judgments are given when?

Accepted Answer

A)  after information is learned 
B)  after a person cannot recognize something 
C)  before a person is explicitly asked to remember (game show method) 
D)  after a person cannot recall something 
A)  after information is learned 
B)  after a person cannot recognize something 
C)  before a person is explicitly asked to remember (game show method) 
D)  after a person cannot recall something

Question 17

What is one thing that feeling of knowing (FOK) tests indicate about memory retrieval?

Accepted Answer

A)  Memory retrieval involves partial information. 
B)  Memory retrieval is always an all-or-none process. 
C)  Memory has some sort of indexing system. 
D)  Retrieval is largely content-based. 
A)  Memory retrieval involves partial information. 
B)  Memory retrieval is always an all-or-none process. 
C)  Memory has some sort of indexing system. 
D)  Retrieval is largely content-based.

Question 18

Which is an example of a REMEMBER (as opposed to a KNOW) experience in terms of memory for a word on a list?

Accepted Answer

A)  saying you saw it before because you are really confident it was there 
B)  saying you saw it before because it seems familiar 
C)  saying you saw it before because you thought it was funny when you first saw it 
D)  saying you saw it before because it was presented at the beginning or end of the list 
A)  saying you saw it before because you are really confident it was there 
B)  saying you saw it before because it seems familiar 
C)  saying you saw it before because you thought it was funny when you first saw it 
D)  saying you saw it before because it was presented at the beginning or end of the list

Question 19

Judgments of learning (JOLs) are subjective ratings of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to remember what was learned in school, even over long periods of time 
B)  the degree to which a person thinks that he or she has encoded knowledge into memory 
C)  the degree to which another person learned a set of information 
D)  the degree to which a person is able to remember the actual event in which he or she learned some piece of information 
A)  the ability to remember what was learned in school, even over long periods of time 
B)  the degree to which a person thinks that he or she has encoded knowledge into memory 
C)  the degree to which another person learned a set of information 
D)  the degree to which a person is able to remember the actual event in which he or she learned some piece of information

Question 20

Judgments of learning (JOLs) are less accurate when given __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  immediately, before forgetting has occurred 
B)  at any time 
C)  after a delay, when forgetting has occurred 
D)  for verbal information 
A)  immediately, before forgetting has occurred 
B)  at any time 
C)  after a delay, when forgetting has occurred 
D)  for verbal information

According to the accessibility hypothesis, how does someone make a metamemory judgment?

People are biased to misremember things as being __________.

What is one way that prospective memory is different from retrospective memory?

People are more likely to fall prey to the knew-it-all-along effect if __________.

What is an example of a mnemonic that can be used to help memory?

What is the relationship between prospective and retrospective memory?

Research involving those with exceptional memories has found that the primary basis of most of their abilities is superior ___________.

Prospective memory differs from retrospective memory in that __________.

What is metamemory?

In directed forgetting studies, information that is designated as to-be-forgotten __________.

Using the phrase, "Every Good Boy Does Fine" to remember the notes on a musical scale is an example of __________.

FOKs appear to be based on __________.

Remembering to call your mother on her birthday is an example of __________.

When people do not have a conscious recollection of the circumstances under which information was learned, they have a(n) _________ experience.

How accurate are judgments of learning (JOLs)?

Feeling of knowing (FOK) judgments are given when?

What is one thing that feeling of knowing (FOK) tests indicate about memory retrieval?

Which is an example of a REMEMBER (as opposed to a KNOW) experience in terms of memory for a word on a list?

Judgments of learning (JOLs) are subjective ratings of __________.

Judgments of learning (JOLs) are less accurate when given __________.

Overview and History

Neuropsychology of Memory

Methods and Principles

Sensory and Short-Term Memory

Working Memory

Nondeclarative Memory

Episodic Memory

Memory for Space and Time

Semantic Memory

Formal Models of Memory

Autobiographical Memory

Memory and Reality

Memory and the Law

Development

Amnesia

Other Conditions That Affect Memory

Filters

Exam 14: Metamemory

According to the accessibility hypothesis, how does someone make a metamemory judgment?

People are biased to misremember things as being __________.

What is one way that prospective memory is different from retrospective memory?

People are more likely to fall prey to the knew-it-all-along effect if __________.

What is an example of a mnemonic that can be used to help memory?

What is the relationship between prospective and retrospective memory?

Research involving those with exceptional memories has found that the primary basis of most of their abilities is superior ___________.

Prospective memory differs from retrospective memory in that __________.

What is metamemory?

In directed forgetting studies, information that is designated as to-be-forgotten __________.

Using the phrase, "Every Good Boy Does Fine" to remember the notes on a musical scale is an example of __________.

FOKs appear to be based on __________.

Remembering to call your mother on her birthday is an example of __________.

When people do not have a conscious recollection of the circumstances under which information was learned, they have a(n) _________ experience.

How accurate are judgments of learning (JOLs)?

Feeling of knowing (FOK) judgments are given when?

What is one thing that feeling of knowing (FOK) tests indicate about memory retrieval?

Which is an example of a REMEMBER (as opposed to a KNOW) experience in terms of memory for a word on a list?

Judgments of learning (JOLs) are subjective ratings of __________.

Judgments of learning (JOLs) are less accurate when given __________.

Overview and History

Neuropsychology of Memory

Methods and Principles

Sensory and Short-Term Memory

Working Memory

Nondeclarative Memory

Episodic Memory

Memory for Space and Time

Semantic Memory

Formal Models of Memory

Autobiographical Memory

Memory and Reality

Memory and the Law

Development

Amnesia

Other Conditions That Affect Memory

Filters