Question 1

Sequencing of rRNA is useful for

Accepted Answer

A) determining evolutionary relationships. 
B) determining protein sequences. 
C) identification of unknown bacteria. 
D) serological relationships. 
E) determining evolutionary relationships AND identification of unknown bacteria. 
A) determining evolutionary relationships. 
B) determining protein sequences. 
C) identification of unknown bacteria. 
D) serological relationships. 
E) determining evolutionary relationships AND identification of unknown bacteria.

Question 2

Nucleic acid techniques have great power as diagnostic tools because they may be

Accepted Answer

A) very specific. 
B) quick and easy to perform. 
C) used to enhance the growth of bacteria. 
D) used to selectively inhibit the growth of certain bacteria. 
A) very specific. 
B) quick and easy to perform. 
C) used to enhance the growth of bacteria. 
D) used to selectively inhibit the growth of certain bacteria.

Question 3

In 1908 Orla-Jensen suggested that bacteria be grouped according to their

Accepted Answer

A) arrangement. 
B) morphology. 
C) physiology. 
D) Gram stain. 
A) arrangement. 
B) morphology. 
C) physiology. 
D) Gram stain.

Question 4

Organisms that grow very slowly, are non-culturable, are present in very small numbers or are mixed with a number of other bacteria may still be identified using

Accepted Answer

A) Southern blotting. 
B) replica plating. 
C) PCR. 
D) gas chromatography of fatty acids. 
A) Southern blotting. 
B) replica plating. 
C) PCR. 
D) gas chromatography of fatty acids.

Question 5

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the few species of bacteria that

Accepted Answer

A) are encapsulated. 
B) stain Gram-negative. 
C) are acid fast. 
D) stain Gram-positive. 
A) are encapsulated. 
B) stain Gram-negative. 
C) are acid fast. 
D) stain Gram-positive.

Question 6

If the GC content of two organisms is 45% in both

Accepted Answer

A) they are definitely related. 
B) they are definitely not related. 
C) they may or may not be related. 
D) the AT content is 65%. 
E) they are definitely related AND the AT content is 65%. 
A) they are definitely related. 
B) they are definitely not related. 
C) they may or may not be related. 
D) the AT content is 65%. 
E) they are definitely related AND the AT content is 65%.

Question 7

A breath test assaying for radioactive carbon dioxide may be used to indicate the presence of

Accepted Answer

A) E.coli. 
B) Pseudomonas. 
C) Streptococcus pyogenes. 
D) Helicobacter pylori. 
A) E.coli. 
B) Pseudomonas. 
C) Streptococcus pyogenes. 
D) Helicobacter pylori.

Question 8

Serological methods

Accepted Answer

A) are useful in identifying unknown bacterium. 
B) rely on the specificity of an antibody-antigen interaction. 
C) may be simple and rapid. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) are useful in identifying unknown bacterium. 
B) rely on the specificity of an antibody-antigen interaction. 
C) may be simple and rapid. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 9

Streptococcus pyogenes would be

Accepted Answer

A) beta hemolytic and catalase negative. 
B) beta hemolytic and catalase positive. 
C) alpha hemolytic and catalase negative. 
D) alpha hemolytic and catalase positive. 
A) beta hemolytic and catalase negative. 
B) beta hemolytic and catalase positive. 
C) alpha hemolytic and catalase negative. 
D) alpha hemolytic and catalase positive.

Question 10

Why are molecular methods particularly useful for identification of microbes when they are difficult to grow?

Accepted Answer

A) While all microbes can (and should) be grown for identification purposes, sometimes it's simply faster to use a molecular technique. 
B) They AREN'T useful-growing a microbe is clearly the only way to properly identify it. 
C) Since all microbes use DNA, and we can sometimes detect and identify them through even very small amounts of their DNA, molecular methods allow us to identify microbes even when they can't be grown at all. 
D) Molecular methods are far cheaper methods than growing microbes for identification. 
A) While all microbes can (and should) be grown for identification purposes, sometimes it's simply faster to use a molecular technique. 
B) They AREN'T useful-growing a microbe is clearly the only way to properly identify it. 
C) Since all microbes use DNA, and we can sometimes detect and identify them through even very small amounts of their DNA, molecular methods allow us to identify microbes even when they can't be grown at all. 
D) Molecular methods are far cheaper methods than growing microbes for identification.

Question 11

Phage typing

Accepted Answer

A) is useful for determining eukaryotic cell types. 
B) is used to extract DNA from cells. 
C) is used to distinguish bacterial strains. 
D) is dependent on the type of eukaryotic cell. 
E) is used to distinguish bacterial strains AND is dependent on the type of eukaryotic cell. 
A) is useful for determining eukaryotic cell types. 
B) is used to extract DNA from cells. 
C) is used to distinguish bacterial strains. 
D) is dependent on the type of eukaryotic cell. 
E) is used to distinguish bacterial strains AND is dependent on the type of eukaryotic cell.

Question 12

E. coli 0157:H7

Accepted Answer

A) is Gram-positive. 
B) is a normal constituent of the intestinal tract. 
C) does not ferment sorbitol. 
D) produces a toxin. 
E) does not ferment sorbitol AND produces a toxin. 
A) is Gram-positive. 
B) is a normal constituent of the intestinal tract. 
C) does not ferment sorbitol. 
D) produces a toxin. 
E) does not ferment sorbitol AND produces a toxin.

Question 13

Serratia marcescens are red when incubated at 37°C.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Modern approaches to evolutionary taxonomy often involve

Accepted Answer

A) biochemical differences. 
B) comparison of DNA and RNA. 
C) protein similarities. 
D) lactose fermentation. 
A) biochemical differences. 
B) comparison of DNA and RNA. 
C) protein similarities. 
D) lactose fermentation.

Question 15

rRNA sequence comparisons are useful for determining evolutionary relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the rRNA molecules has proven the most useful in taxonomy/identification?

Accepted Answer

A) 5S 
B) 80S 
C) 16S 
D) 23S 
A) 5S 
B) 80S 
C) 16S 
D) 23S

Question 17

From most general to most specific, which is the correct order?

Accepted Answer

A) phylum, class, kingdom, order, family, genus, species 
B) kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species 
C) kingdom, phylum, family, class, order, genus, species 
D) kingdom, order, family, genus, phylum, class, species 
A) phylum, class, kingdom, order, family, genus, species 
B) kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species 
C) kingdom, phylum, family, class, order, genus, species 
D) kingdom, order, family, genus, phylum, class, species

Question 18

Based on DNA hybridization, humans and chimpanzees are the same species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

If each of two bacteria have a %GC of 50%, this means that they are both definitely closely related.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In

Accepted Answer

A) specific type of DNA present. 
B) specific genus. 
C) general family. 
D) the specific LPS and flagella type present. 
A) specific type of DNA present. 
B) specific genus. 
C) general family. 
D) the specific LPS and flagella type present.

Exam 10: Identification and Classification of Prokaryotes

Sequencing of rRNA is useful for

Nucleic acid techniques have great power as diagnostic tools because they may be

In 1908 Orla-Jensen suggested that bacteria be grouped according to their

Organisms that grow very slowly, are non-culturable, are present in very small numbers or are mixed with a number of other bacteria may still be identified using

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the few species of bacteria that

If the GC content of two organisms is 45% in both

A breath test assaying for radioactive carbon dioxide may be used to indicate the presence of

Serological methods

Streptococcus pyogenes would be

Why are molecular methods particularly useful for identification of microbes when they are difficult to grow?

Phage typing

E. coli 0157:H7

Serratia marcescens are red when incubated at 37°C.

Modern approaches to evolutionary taxonomy often involve

rRNA sequence comparisons are useful for determining evolutionary relationships.

Which of the rRNA molecules has proven the most useful in taxonomy/identification?

From most general to most specific, which is the correct order?

Based on DNA hybridization, humans and chimpanzees are the same species.

If each of two bacteria have a %GC of 50%, this means that they are both definitely closely related.

In

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Prokaryotic Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From Dna to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

The Diversity of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunologic Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Genitourinary Infections

Nervous System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Hiv Disease and Complications of Immunodeficiency

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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