Question 1

Possessing the entire sequence of a particular human genome may not be as useful as we think. Why not?

Accepted Answer

A) Every human genome is different enough that knowing ONE human's DNA sequence can't tell us almost anything about ALL humans. 
B) It's not the DNA sequence that matters-we need to know the mRNA sequence of the human genome. 
C) Due to the presence of introns/exons, and splicing of RNA after transcription, the DNA sequence doesn't necessarily tell us the exact number/type of proteins that will eventually be made from it. 
D) The amount of 'junk DNA' present in the human genome masks any useful genetic information that we'd like to obtain. 
A) Every human genome is different enough that knowing ONE human's DNA sequence can't tell us almost anything about ALL humans. 
B) It's not the DNA sequence that matters-we need to know the mRNA sequence of the human genome. 
C) Due to the presence of introns/exons, and splicing of RNA after transcription, the DNA sequence doesn't necessarily tell us the exact number/type of proteins that will eventually be made from it. 
D) The amount of 'junk DNA' present in the human genome masks any useful genetic information that we'd like to obtain.

Question 2

The gene for human insulin has been successfully cloned in

Accepted Answer

A) S.aureus. 
B) yeast. 
C) E.coli. 
D) rhinovirus. 
A) S.aureus. 
B) yeast. 
C) E.coli. 
D) rhinovirus.

Question 3

A common way to identify the E. coli that carries the desired recombinant DNA is by using a

Accepted Answer

A) vector. 
B) probe. 
C) host. 
D) plasmid. 
A) vector. 
B) probe. 
C) host. 
D) plasmid.

Question 4

In order to get around the lack of ability of prokaryotes to remove introns from precursor RNA, it may be necessary to

Accepted Answer

A) use the DNA directly. 
B) use the DNA after it has been processed. 
C) use different promoters. 
D) turn mRNA into cDNA. 
E) use the DNA directly AND use the DNA after it has been processed. 
A) use the DNA directly. 
B) use the DNA after it has been processed. 
C) use different promoters. 
D) turn mRNA into cDNA. 
E) use the DNA directly AND use the DNA after it has been processed.

Question 5

Agarose gel electrophoresis may be considered as a partial purification technique.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The molecules used as molecular scissors in genetic engineering is/are

Accepted Answer

A) exonucleases. 
B) proteases. 
C) restriction enzymes. 
D) RNA polymerase. 
A) exonucleases. 
B) proteases. 
C) restriction enzymes. 
D) RNA polymerase.

Question 7

Host cells containing recombinant DNA can be selected on the basis of the properties of the

Accepted Answer

A) vector. 
B) ribosomes. 
C) enzymes. 
D) virus. 
A) vector. 
B) ribosomes. 
C) enzymes. 
D) virus.

Question 8

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

Accepted Answer

A) uses virus hosts. 
B) uses a labeled probe. 
C) is useful in microbial ecology. 
D) allows identification of particular bacterial groups in mixed samples. 
E) uses a labeled probe, is useful in microbial ecology AND allows identification of particular bacterial groups in mixed samples. 
A) uses virus hosts. 
B) uses a labeled probe. 
C) is useful in microbial ecology. 
D) allows identification of particular bacterial groups in mixed samples. 
E) uses a labeled probe, is useful in microbial ecology AND allows identification of particular bacterial groups in mixed samples.

Question 9

Genetically modified food has raised some concerns because

Accepted Answer

A) it contains radioactive particles. 
B) it may contain some unanticipated allergens. 
C) it may have some unintended environmental effects. 
D) the modified DNA may transfer to other organisms. 
E) it may contain some unanticipated allergens, it may have some unintended environmental effects AND the modified DNA may transfer to other organisms. 
A) it contains radioactive particles. 
B) it may contain some unanticipated allergens. 
C) it may have some unintended environmental effects. 
D) the modified DNA may transfer to other organisms. 
E) it may contain some unanticipated allergens, it may have some unintended environmental effects AND the modified DNA may transfer to other organisms.

Question 10

The entire set of cloned fragments of the complete human genome is termed a

Accepted Answer

A) book of genes. 
B) recombinant gene. 
C) DNA library. 
D) restructured genome. 
A) book of genes. 
B) recombinant gene. 
C) DNA library. 
D) restructured genome.

Question 11

Starting with a single piece of dsDNA, after 3 PCR cycles there are

Accepted Answer

A) 2 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
B) 4 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
C) 8 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
D) 16 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
A) 2 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
B) 4 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
C) 8 additional pieces of dsDNA. 
D) 16 additional pieces of dsDNA.

Question 12

Knowing the sequence of a genome is useful in

Accepted Answer

A) identifying genetic alterations associated with disease. 
B) studying evolutionary relationships. 
C) determining protein sequences. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) identifying genetic alterations associated with disease. 
B) studying evolutionary relationships. 
C) determining protein sequences. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 13

PCR produces

Accepted Answer

A) DNA fragments of all possible sizes. 
B) DNA fragments that are one nucleotide larger than the next fragment. 
C) DNA fragments of a particular size. 
D) DNA fragments of increasing size. 
E) DNA fragments that are one nucleotide larger than the next fragment AND DNA fragments of increasing size. 
A) DNA fragments of all possible sizes. 
B) DNA fragments that are one nucleotide larger than the next fragment. 
C) DNA fragments of a particular size. 
D) DNA fragments of increasing size. 
E) DNA fragments that are one nucleotide larger than the next fragment AND DNA fragments of increasing size.

Question 14

An ideal vector

Accepted Answer

A) may be a plasmid or bacteriophage. 
B) has a restriction enzyme recognition site. 
C) contains an origin of replication. 
D) contains a selectable marker. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) may be a plasmid or bacteriophage. 
B) has a restriction enzyme recognition site. 
C) contains an origin of replication. 
D) contains a selectable marker. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 15

The polymerase chain reaction is used to duplicate small sections of

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) RNA. 
C) proteins. 
D) lipids. 
A) DNA. 
B) RNA. 
C) proteins. 
D) lipids.

Question 16

A very common vector is a plasmid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Double-stranded DNA will separate into two strands when exposed to

Accepted Answer

A) high temperature. 
B) high pH. 
C) low temperature. 
D) low salt. 
E) high temperature AND high pH. 
A) high temperature. 
B) high pH. 
C) low temperature. 
D) low salt. 
E) high temperature AND high pH.

Question 18

DNA probes

Accepted Answer

A) may be obtained from denatured tagged dsDNA. 
B) may be obtained from similar genes from another organism. 
C) may be synthesized usually using information based on the protein sequence. 
D) are usually tagged dsRNA. 
E) may be obtained from denatured tagged dsDNA, may be obtained from similar genes from another organism AND may be synthesized usually using information based on the protein sequence. 
A) may be obtained from denatured tagged dsDNA. 
B) may be obtained from similar genes from another organism. 
C) may be synthesized usually using information based on the protein sequence. 
D) are usually tagged dsRNA. 
E) may be obtained from denatured tagged dsDNA, may be obtained from similar genes from another organism AND may be synthesized usually using information based on the protein sequence.

Question 19

Dideoxynucleotides

Accepted Answer

A) are useful in nucleic acid sequencing. 
B) have two additional hydroxyl groups at the 2' and 3' carbons. 
C) act as chain initiators. 
D) act as chain terminators. 
E) are useful in nucleic acid sequencing AND act as chain terminators. 
A) are useful in nucleic acid sequencing. 
B) have two additional hydroxyl groups at the 2' and 3' carbons. 
C) act as chain initiators. 
D) act as chain terminators. 
E) are useful in nucleic acid sequencing AND act as chain terminators.

Question 20

PCR typically results in the generation of fragments of all sizes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 9: Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Possessing the entire sequence of a particular human genome may not be as useful as we think. Why not?

The gene for human insulin has been successfully cloned in

A common way to identify the E. coli that carries the desired recombinant DNA is by using a

In order to get around the lack of ability of prokaryotes to remove introns from precursor RNA, it may be necessary to

Agarose gel electrophoresis may be considered as a partial purification technique.

The molecules used as molecular scissors in genetic engineering is/are

Host cells containing recombinant DNA can be selected on the basis of the properties of the

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

Genetically modified food has raised some concerns because

The entire set of cloned fragments of the complete human genome is termed a

Starting with a single piece of dsDNA, after 3 PCR cycles there are

Knowing the sequence of a genome is useful in

PCR produces

An ideal vector

The polymerase chain reaction is used to duplicate small sections of

A very common vector is a plasmid.

Double-stranded DNA will separate into two strands when exposed to

DNA probes

Dideoxynucleotides

PCR typically results in the generation of fragments of all sizes.

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Prokaryotic Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From Dna to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Identification and Classification of Prokaryotes

The Diversity of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunologic Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Genitourinary Infections

Nervous System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Hiv Disease and Complications of Immunodeficiency

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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