Question 1

Lister developed his ideas on prevention of infection during medical procedures after studying the work of

Accepted Answer

A) Koch. 
B) Pasteur. 
C) Jenner. 
D) Fleming. 
A) Koch. 
B) Pasteur. 
C) Jenner. 
D) Fleming.

Question 2

Phenolics

Accepted Answer

A) denature proteins and destroy cytoplasmic membranes. 
B) remain effective in the presence of detergents or organic material. 
C) such as triclosan, have been used widely in various lotions and soaps. 
D) reliably inactivate all groups of viruses. 
E) denature proteins and destroy cytoplasmic membranes, remain effective in the presence of detergents or organic material, AND phenolics such as triclosan, have been used widely in various lotions and soaps. 
A) denature proteins and destroy cytoplasmic membranes. 
B) remain effective in the presence of detergents or organic material. 
C) such as triclosan, have been used widely in various lotions and soaps. 
D) reliably inactivate all groups of viruses. 
E) denature proteins and destroy cytoplasmic membranes, remain effective in the presence of detergents or organic material, AND phenolics such as triclosan, have been used widely in various lotions and soaps.

Question 3

The process of killing or removing all of the microorganisms in or on a material is termed

Accepted Answer

A) sterilization. 
B) disinfection. 
C) sanitation. 
D) antisepsis. 
A) sterilization. 
B) disinfection. 
C) sanitation. 
D) antisepsis.

Question 4

Compounds of tin, mercury, arsenic, and copper are no longer used to prevent microbial growth in cooling water primarily because

Accepted Answer

A) antibiotics are cheaper. 
B) other chemicals were shown to be much more effective. 
C) microbes developed resistance to these metals. 
D) their use contributes to serious pollution of natural waters. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) antibiotics are cheaper. 
B) other chemicals were shown to be much more effective. 
C) microbes developed resistance to these metals. 
D) their use contributes to serious pollution of natural waters. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

The most important function of nitrites in processed foods is to

Accepted Answer

A) prevent browning. 
B) inhibit the germination of Clostridium botulinum endospores. 
C) prevent carcinogen formation. 
D) make the food more acidic. 
A) prevent browning. 
B) inhibit the germination of Clostridium botulinum endospores. 
C) prevent carcinogen formation. 
D) make the food more acidic.

Question 6

Pasteurization

Accepted Answer

A) is the use of heat to sterilize food products. 
B) is the use of heat to reduce numbers of pathogenic/spoilage bacteria in a food item to a safe level. 
C) is a process which uses intense cold to kill microorganisms on foods. 
D) is a process which uses short bursts of radiation to kill microorganisms on foods. 
A) is the use of heat to sterilize food products. 
B) is the use of heat to reduce numbers of pathogenic/spoilage bacteria in a food item to a safe level. 
C) is a process which uses intense cold to kill microorganisms on foods. 
D) is a process which uses short bursts of radiation to kill microorganisms on foods.

Question 7

Cold and freezing are very effective in killing bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The autoclave treatment may be monitored by

Accepted Answer

A) heat-sensitive tape. 
B) heat-resistant endospores of Geobacillus stearothermophilus. 
C) pressure indicators alone. 
D) waiting for contaminants to appear on freshly poured media. 
E) heat sensitive tape AND heat-resistant endospores of Geobacillus stearothermophilus. 
A) heat-sensitive tape. 
B) heat-resistant endospores of Geobacillus stearothermophilus. 
C) pressure indicators alone. 
D) waiting for contaminants to appear on freshly poured media. 
E) heat sensitive tape AND heat-resistant endospores of Geobacillus stearothermophilus.

Question 9

Upon heat treatment, bacteria die at a constant proportion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Heat treatment is an effective method for sterilization or disinfection of all materials.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Chemical germicides

Accepted Answer

A) may react irreversibly with proteins/enzymes. 
B) may react with cytoplasmic membranes or viral envelopes. 
C) may be disinfecting or even sterilizing. 
D) are sensitive to dilution factor, time of contact, and temperature of use. 
E) All of the choices are true. 
A) may react irreversibly with proteins/enzymes. 
B) may react with cytoplasmic membranes or viral envelopes. 
C) may be disinfecting or even sterilizing. 
D) are sensitive to dilution factor, time of contact, and temperature of use. 
E) All of the choices are true.

Question 12

Which of the following is not a sterilization method?

Accepted Answer

A) hot air oven 
B) autoclave 
C) pasteurization 
D) filtration 
A) hot air oven 
B) autoclave 
C) pasteurization 
D) filtration

Question 13

Gamma irradiation

Accepted Answer

A) has not been approved for use on food. 
B) can be used to either sterilize or pasteurize, depending on the dose of radiation. 
C) leaves some radioactive particles in the treated substance. 
D) usually kills by disrupting cell membranes. 
A) has not been approved for use on food. 
B) can be used to either sterilize or pasteurize, depending on the dose of radiation. 
C) leaves some radioactive particles in the treated substance. 
D) usually kills by disrupting cell membranes.

Question 14

Oxidation of proteins is achieved most readily

Accepted Answer

A) by moist heat. 
B) by moist heat under pressure. 
C) in a hot air oven. 
D) in the presence of organics. 
A) by moist heat. 
B) by moist heat under pressure. 
C) in a hot air oven. 
D) in the presence of organics.

Question 15

A sterile item is free of

Accepted Answer

A) microbes. 
B) endospores. 
C) viruses. 
D) prions. 
E) microbes, endospores AND viruses. 
A) microbes. 
B) endospores. 
C) viruses. 
D) prions. 
E) microbes, endospores AND viruses.

Question 16

Moist heat kills microorganisms by

Accepted Answer

A) irreversible coagulation of proteins. 
B) destruction of carbohydrates in the cell wall. 
C) denaturation of nucleic acids. 
D) dissolving the capsule. 
A) irreversible coagulation of proteins. 
B) destruction of carbohydrates in the cell wall. 
C) denaturation of nucleic acids. 
D) dissolving the capsule.

Question 17

The endospores of Pseudomonas make that organism very difficult to kill.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In order to speed up the sterilization process, which of the following would be useful?

Accepted Answer

A) drying the material 
B) washing/mechanical removal of bacteria/organic matter 
C) addition of organics 
D) nothing 
E) washing/mechanical removal of bacteria/organic matter AND addition of organics 
A) drying the material 
B) washing/mechanical removal of bacteria/organic matter 
C) addition of organics 
D) nothing 
E) washing/mechanical removal of bacteria/organic matter AND addition of organics

Question 19

The more bacteria one starts with, the longer it will take to kill them all.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A common environmental organism that may even grow in certain chemical disinfectants is

Accepted Answer

A) Escherichia coli. 
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
D) enveloped virus. 
A) Escherichia coli. 
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
D) enveloped virus.

Exam 5: Control of Microbial Growth

Lister developed his ideas on prevention of infection during medical procedures after studying the work of

Phenolics

The process of killing or removing all of the microorganisms in or on a material is termed

Compounds of tin, mercury, arsenic, and copper are no longer used to prevent microbial growth in cooling water primarily because

The most important function of nitrites in processed foods is to

Pasteurization

Cold and freezing are very effective in killing bacteria.

The autoclave treatment may be monitored by

Upon heat treatment, bacteria die at a constant proportion.

Heat treatment is an effective method for sterilization or disinfection of all materials.

Chemical germicides

Which of the following is not a sterilization method?

Gamma irradiation

Oxidation of proteins is achieved most readily

A sterile item is free of

Moist heat kills microorganisms by

The endospores of Pseudomonas make that organism very difficult to kill.

In order to speed up the sterilization process, which of the following would be useful?

The more bacteria one starts with, the longer it will take to kill them all.

A common environmental organism that may even grow in certain chemical disinfectants is

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Prokaryotic Growth

Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From Dna to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Identification and Classification of Prokaryotes

The Diversity of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunologic Disorders

Applications of Immune Responses

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Genitourinary Infections

Nervous System Infections

Blood and Lymphatic Infections

Hiv Disease and Complications of Immunodeficiency

Microbial Ecology

Environmental Microbiology: Treatment of Water, Wastes, and Polluted Habitats

Food Microbiology

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