Question 1

What is the mechanism of action of racemic epinephrine?

Accepted Answer

A) Stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors,resulting in both relaxation of smooth muscles in the bronchial tree as well as a decrease in local airway edema with resultant decrease in the work of breathing 
B) Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors,resulting in both relaxation of smooth muscles in the bronchial tree as well as a decrease in local airway edema with resultant decrease in the work of breathing 
C) Stimulates both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors,resulting in both relaxation of smooth muscles in the bronchial tree as well as a decrease in local airway edema with resultant decrease in the work of breathing 
D) Stimulates both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors,resulting in both contraction of smooth muscles in the bronchial tree as well as a increase in local airway edema with resultant decrease in the work of breathing 
A) Stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors,resulting in both relaxation of smooth muscles in the bronchial tree as well as a decrease in local airway edema with resultant decrease in the work of breathing 
B) Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors,resulting in both relaxation of smooth muscles in the bronchial tree as well as a decrease in local airway edema with resultant decrease in the work of breathing 
C) Stimulates both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors,resulting in both relaxation of smooth muscles in the bronchial tree as well as a decrease in local airway edema with resultant decrease in the work of breathing 
D) Stimulates both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors,resulting in both contraction of smooth muscles in the bronchial tree as well as a increase in local airway edema with resultant decrease in the work of breathing C

Question 2

Fluoroquinolones,such as Cipro and Levaquin,are effective antimicrobials against a wide range of pathogens.However,they may cause:

Accepted Answer

A) Dental discoloration and enamel hypoplasia. 
B) Adverse effects on the growth of immature cartilage,joints,and surrounding tissue. 
C) Extrapyramidal symptoms. 
D) Tardive dyskinesia. 
A) Dental discoloration and enamel hypoplasia. 
B) Adverse effects on the growth of immature cartilage,joints,and surrounding tissue. 
C) Extrapyramidal symptoms. 
D) Tardive dyskinesia. B

Question 3

Which drug is a mild central nervous system (CNS)stimulant that blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine into presynaptic neurons and appears to stimulate the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures?

Accepted Answer

A) atomoxetine (Strattera) 
B) bupropion hydrochloride (Buproban) 
C) methylphenidate (Concentra) 
D) venlafaxine (Effexor) 
A) atomoxetine (Strattera) 
B) bupropion hydrochloride (Buproban) 
C) methylphenidate (Concentra) 
D) venlafaxine (Effexor) C

Question 4

Which drug can be used to treat infectious conjunctivitis in the pediatric population?

Accepted Answer

A) ciprofloxacin (Cipro) 
B) azelastine (Astelin) 
C) naphazoline + pheniramine (Naphcon -
A)  
D) oxymetazoline (Visine) 
A) ciprofloxacin (Cipro) 
B) azelastine (Astelin) 
C) naphazoline + pheniramine (Naphcon -
A)  
D) oxymetazoline (Visine)

Question 5

How much omeprazole (Prilosec)2 mg/ml can you give to an adolescent who weighs more than 20 kg?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 mg daily 
B) 20 mg daily 
C) 40 mg daily 
D) 80 mg daily 
A) 10 mg daily 
B) 20 mg daily 
C) 40 mg daily 
D) 80 mg daily

Question 6

What is the dosage for iron replacement therapy in children?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 to 3 mg of elemental Fe/kg/24 hours,divided into three or four doses per day 
B) 2 to 4 mg of elemental Fe/kg/24 hours,divided into three or four doses per day 
C) 3 to 6 mg of elemental Fe/kg/24 hours,divided into three or four doses per day 
D) 4 to 6 mg of elemental Fe/kg/24 hours,divided into three or four doses per day 
A) 1 to 3 mg of elemental Fe/kg/24 hours,divided into three or four doses per day 
B) 2 to 4 mg of elemental Fe/kg/24 hours,divided into three or four doses per day 
C) 3 to 6 mg of elemental Fe/kg/24 hours,divided into three or four doses per day 
D) 4 to 6 mg of elemental Fe/kg/24 hours,divided into three or four doses per day

Question 7

What is the dose of oseltamivir (Tamiflu)for a child who weighs 71 kg?

Accepted Answer

A) 55 milligrams twice a day 
B) 65 milligrams twice a day 
C) 75 milligrams twice a day 
D) 85 milligrams twice a day 
A) 55 milligrams twice a day 
B) 65 milligrams twice a day 
C) 75 milligrams twice a day 
D) 85 milligrams twice a day

Question 8

What it the recommended dose of Augmentin (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid)for a bacterial infection in a pediatric patient who weighs less than 40 kg?

Accepted Answer

A) 45 mg/kg/day divided 1 times a day of the 200 mg/5 ml 
B) 45 mg/kg/day divided 2 times a day of the 200 mg/5 ml 
C) 45 mg/kg/day divided 2 times a day of the 400 mg/5 ml 
D) 45 mg/kg/day divided 3 times a day of the 200 mg/5 ml 
A) 45 mg/kg/day divided 1 times a day of the 200 mg/5 ml 
B) 45 mg/kg/day divided 2 times a day of the 200 mg/5 ml 
C) 45 mg/kg/day divided 2 times a day of the 400 mg/5 ml 
D) 45 mg/kg/day divided 3 times a day of the 200 mg/5 ml

Question 9

Which drug is a common over-the-counter (OTC)topical vasoconstrictor that should never be used for more than 3 to 4 days due to rebound congestion?

Accepted Answer

A) naphazoline (Naphcon) 
B) azelastine 
C) fluticasone 
D) mometasone 
A) naphazoline (Naphcon) 
B) azelastine 
C) fluticasone 
D) mometasone

Question 10

Which drug can be used to treat a 13-year-old with influenza?

Accepted Answer

A) acyclovir (Zovirax) 
B) clindamycin (Cleocin) 
C) famciclovir (Famvir) 
D) oseltamivir (Tamiflu) 
A) acyclovir (Zovirax) 
B) clindamycin (Cleocin) 
C) famciclovir (Famvir) 
D) oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

Question 11

When stepping up in asthma treatment,which of the following should be added on to a short-acting bronchodilator?

Accepted Answer

A) Nothing,increase the use of the short-acting bronchodilator 
B) Add a long-acting bronchodilator 
C) Add an inhaled corticosteroid 
D) Add oral corticosteroids 
A) Nothing,increase the use of the short-acting bronchodilator 
B) Add a long-acting bronchodilator 
C) Add an inhaled corticosteroid 
D) Add oral corticosteroids

Question 12

How much ondansetron (Zofran)would you give to a child who weighs 12 kg?

Accepted Answer

A) 15 ml of 4 mg/5 ml liquid dose 
B) 30 ml of 4 mg/5 ml liquid dose 
C) 45 ml of 4 mg/5 ml liquid dose 
D) 60 ml of 4 mg/5 ml liquid dose 
A) 15 ml of 4 mg/5 ml liquid dose 
B) 30 ml of 4 mg/5 ml liquid dose 
C) 45 ml of 4 mg/5 ml liquid dose 
D) 60 ml of 4 mg/5 ml liquid dose

Question 13

Because infants and children have a thinner stratum corneum than adults do as well as a larger body surface area in relation to their size,they tend to absorb medicines placed onto their skin:

Accepted Answer

A) More readily than adults. 
B) Less readily than adults. 
C) The same as adults. 
D) Not at all. 
A) More readily than adults. 
B) Less readily than adults. 
C) The same as adults. 
D) Not at all.

Question 14

Which drug would be the first-line treatment in a 1-month-old infant with suspected bacterial pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

A) amoxicillin 
B) erythromycin 
C) amoxicillin (100 mg/kg/day)PLUS clarithromycin 
D) amoxicillin (100 mg/kg/day)PLUS azithromycin 
A) amoxicillin 
B) erythromycin 
C) amoxicillin (100 mg/kg/day)PLUS clarithromycin 
D) amoxicillin (100 mg/kg/day)PLUS azithromycin

Question 15

What is the usual dosage of guaifenesin for children older than age 2 years?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.5 mg/kg/dose every 4 to 6 hours as needed 
B) 1 mg/kg/dose every 4 to 6 hours as needed 
C) 2 mg/kg/dose every 4 to 6 hours as needed 
D) 3 mg/kg/dose every 4 to 6 hours as needed 
A) 0.5 mg/kg/dose every 4 to 6 hours as needed 
B) 1 mg/kg/dose every 4 to 6 hours as needed 
C) 2 mg/kg/dose every 4 to 6 hours as needed 
D) 3 mg/kg/dose every 4 to 6 hours as needed

Question 16

Which medication is contraindicated in the pediatric population?

Accepted Answer

A) penicillin 
B) tetracycline 
C) cephalexin 
D) amoxicillin 
A) penicillin 
B) tetracycline 
C) cephalexin 
D) amoxicillin

Question 17

Which drug is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that helps diminish vascular permeability,mucus production,and mucosal edema?

Accepted Answer

A) loratadine (Alvert) 
B) diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 
C) naphazoline (Visine) 
D) montelukast (Singulair) 
A) loratadine (Alvert) 
B) diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 
C) naphazoline (Visine) 
D) montelukast (Singulair)

Question 18

Which drug should be used as a first-line treatment in a child with thrush?

Accepted Answer

A) nystatin (Mycostatin) 
B) fluconazole (Diflucan) 
C) acyclovir (Zovirax) 
D) griseofulvin (Grifulvin V) 
A) nystatin (Mycostatin) 
B) fluconazole (Diflucan) 
C) acyclovir (Zovirax) 
D) griseofulvin (Grifulvin V)

Question 19

A pediatric patient with otitis media who is type 1 penicillin allergic should be treated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) azithromycin (Zithromax) 
B) amoxicillin (Amoxil) 
C) cefdinir (Omnicef) 
D) ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 
A) azithromycin (Zithromax) 
B) amoxicillin (Amoxil) 
C) cefdinir (Omnicef) 
D) ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

Question 20

Which drug type is considered "reasonable" to use for the treatment of bronchiolitis?

Accepted Answer

A) atropine 
B) Long-acting bronchodilator 
C) Short-acting bronchodilator 
D) theophylline 
A) atropine 
B) Long-acting bronchodilator 
C) Short-acting bronchodilator 
D) theophylline

Exam 23: Prescribing for the Pediatric Patient

What is the mechanism of action of racemic epinephrine?

Fluoroquinolones,such as Cipro and Levaquin,are effective antimicrobials against a wide range of pathogens.However,they may cause:

Which drug is a mild central nervous system (CNS)stimulant that blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine into presynaptic neurons and appears to stimulate the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures?

Which drug can be used to treat infectious conjunctivitis in the pediatric population?

How much omeprazole (Prilosec)2 mg/ml can you give to an adolescent who weighs more than 20 kg?

What is the dosage for iron replacement therapy in children?

What is the dose of oseltamivir (Tamiflu)for a child who weighs 71 kg?

What it the recommended dose of Augmentin (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid)for a bacterial infection in a pediatric patient who weighs less than 40 kg?

Which drug is a common over-the-counter (OTC)topical vasoconstrictor that should never be used for more than 3 to 4 days due to rebound congestion?

Which drug can be used to treat a 13-year-old with influenza?

When stepping up in asthma treatment,which of the following should be added on to a short-acting bronchodilator?

How much ondansetron (Zofran)would you give to a child who weighs 12 kg?

Because infants and children have a thinner stratum corneum than adults do as well as a larger body surface area in relation to their size,they tend to absorb medicines placed onto their skin:

Which drug would be the first-line treatment in a 1-month-old infant with suspected bacterial pneumonia?

What is the usual dosage of guaifenesin for children older than age 2 years?

Which medication is contraindicated in the pediatric population?

Which drug is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that helps diminish vascular permeability,mucus production,and mucosal edema?

Which drug should be used as a first-line treatment in a child with thrush?

A pediatric patient with otitis media who is type 1 penicillin allergic should be treated with which of the following?

Which drug type is considered "reasonable" to use for the treatment of bronchiolitis?

Conscientious and Rational Prescribing in the 21st Century

An Introduction to Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics

Communicating With Patients About Medications: a Patient-Centered Approach

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Bone and Joint Disorders

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Eye and Ear Disorders

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders

Drugs Used to Regulate Blood Pressure

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Hyperlipidemias

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Blood Disorders

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Common Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System

Drugs Used to Treat Endocrine Gland Disorders

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Drugs Used to Treat Common Neurological Conditions

Practical Pharmacotherapy of Drugs Used to Treat Psychiatric Disorders

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Skin Disorders

Modern Approaches to Managing Bacterial Infections

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Nonbacterial Infections

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Neoplasms

Drugs Used to Affect Womens Health

Drugs Used to Affect Mens Health

Prescribing for the Geriatric Patient

Drugs Used to Manage Pain

The Integrative Medicine Pharmacopoeia: Herbals, vitamins, and Dietary Supplements

Agents Used to Manipulate the Immune Response

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